Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2013 / Cilt: 47 - Sayı: 4

Fungal keratitis caused by scedosporium apiospermum: First report from Turkey

Scedosporium apiospermum’a bağlı fungal keratit: Ülkemizden ilk olgu

Pages
727–733
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Especially in patients with predisposing factors, this organism should be kept in mind as a potential causative agent and relevant microbiological examinations should be performed.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Fungal keratitis, an eye infection with poor prognosis, is difficult to treat and can lead to loss of vision.
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Key Findings & Data:A 61-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of right eye pain and decreased vision after a foreign body trauma to the right eye.
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Conclusion & Impact:Especially in patients with predisposing factors, this organism should be kept in mind as a potential causative agent and relevant microbiological examinations should be performed.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Fungal keratitis, an eye infection with poor prognosis, is difficult to treat and can lead to loss of vision. Among filamentous fungi Scedosporium spp. rarely lead to fungal keratitis. Here we present a case of keratitis caused by Scedosporium apiospermum. A 61-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of right eye pain and decreased vision after a foreign body trauma to the right eye. The patient was diagnosed as keratitis by biomicroscopic examination. Conjunctival swabs collected from both eyes were inoculated onto sheep blood agar, chocolate agar, eosin methylene blue agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar. Corneal scrapings from the right eye were inoculated onto the same solid media by “C-streak” method, and in brain-heart-infusion broth by immersion. While gram-stained smears of conjunctival swabs showed no significant finding, smears of corneal scrapings revealed abundant neutrophils and profuse septate hyphae. Fungal keratitis was diagnosed and topical enhanced amphotericin B (0.5 mg/ml) therapy was initiated with netilmicin sulfate and oxytetracycline HCl plus polymyxin B sulfate. At the 10th day of therapy a mold growth was detected in corneal scraping cultures and was identified microscopically as S.apiospermum. Based on the relevant literature, therapy was changed to enhanced topical voriconazole (2 mg/ml) applied hourly, plus systemic voriconazole administration. At the third day of treatment, reduction of epithelial defect and decline in the focus of keratitis were observed. In the following days, however, a progression occurred in the focus of keratitis and 5% natamycin ophthalmic suspension was added to the therapy. Since the patient did not respond to any of the medical treatments, therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty was planned; yet, the patient refused the operation and was discharged with her own request. As far as the local literature was concerned, this is the first report of keratitis caused by S.apiospermum in Turkey. Though a very rare causative agent of keratitis, S.apiospermum is generally resistant to antifungal therapy and often require surgical treatment. Especially in patients with predisposing factors, this organism should be kept in mind as a potential causative agent and relevant microbiological examinations should be performed.

Özet

Fungal keratitler, kötü prognozlu, tedavisi zor, görme kaybına yol açabilen göz enfeksiyonlarıdır. Keratite yol açan filamentöz mantarlar arasında Scedosporium türlerine çok seyrek rastlanır. Bu yazıda, Scedosporium apiospermum’a bağlı bir keratit olgusu tartışılmaktadır. Altmış bir yaşında kadın hasta yaklaşık bir hafta önce, yabancı cisim travması sonrası sağ gözde ağrı ve az görme şikayetleriyle hastanemize başvurmuştur. Hastaya biomikroskobik muayene ile keratit tanısı konulduktan sonra, her iki göz konjonktivalarından ayrı ayrı alınan sürüntü örnekleri; koyun kanlı agar, çukulatamsı agar, EMB ve Sabouraud dekstroz agar besiyerlerine ekilmiş; eş zamanlı Gram yaymaları hazırlanmıştır. Sağ göz korneasından alınan kazıntı örneklerinden de aynı katı besiyerlerine “C-streak” yöntemiyle; beyin-kalp-infüzyon buyyonuna daldırma yöntemiyle hasta başında ekim yapılmış; eş zamanlı Gram yayması hazırlanmıştır. Konjonktiva yaymalarında anlamlı bulgu saptanmazken, kornea kazıntı yaymasında bol parçalı lökositlerle birlikte yoğun, septalı hif yapıları gözlenmiştir. Hemen fungal keratit tanısıyla, güçlendirilmiş amfoterisin B (0.5 mg/ml), netilmisin sülfat ve oksitetrasiklin-HCl + polimiksin B sülfat ile topikal tedaviye başlanmıştır. Tedavinin 10. gününde kültürlerde küf üremesi olmuş ve üreyen etken laktofenol pamuk mavisi ile yapılan mikroskopik incelemede S.apiospermum olarak tanımlanmıştır. İlgili literatür doğrultusunda tedavi rejimi değiştirilmiş ve saatte bir damla olmak üzere; topikal, güçlendirilmiş vorikonazol (2 mg/ml) ve sistemik vorikonazol tedavisi başlanmıştır. Tedavi başlandıktan üç gün sonra epitel defektinde küçülme ve keratit odağında gerileme tespit edilen hastanın daha sonra keratit odağında yeniden ilerleme olması üzerine tedavisine natamisin oftalmik süspansiyon %5 eklendiyse de, ilerleyen günlerde tıbbi tedavilere hiçbir cevap alınamamış ve cerrahi tedavi olarak penetran keratoplasti yapılmasına karar verilmiştir. Ancak hasta operasyonu reddetmiş ve kendi isteğiyle taburcu edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, sunduğumuz olgu, bildiğimiz kadarıyla, ülkemizden bildirilen S.apiospermum’a bağlı ilk keratit olgusudur. S.apiospermum, keratit olgularından çok seyrek izole edilse de, genellikle antifungal tedaviye dirençli ve çoğu zaman cerrahi tedavi gerektiren ağır tablolara yol açan bir patojen olup, özellikle predispozan faktörlerin varlığında potansiyel etken olarak akılda tutulmalı ve tanı için uygun mikrobiyolojik incelemeler yapılmalıdır.

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Cite This Article

KALKAN, E. A., AÇIKGÖZ, Z. C., CAN, M. E., ÇELİKBİLEK, N., DERELİ, G. C., ÇAĞIL, N. (2013). Fungal keratitis caused by scedosporium apiospermum: First report from Turkey. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 47 - Sayı: 4, 727–733. https://ajindex.com/articles/298613

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