Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2014 / Cilt: 48 - Sayı: 4

Hepatitis B virus genotype E infection in Turkey: The detection of the first case

Türkiye’de ilk kez saptanan hepatit B virus genotip E enfeksiyonu

Pages
683–688
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, detection of different HBV genotypes, their epidemiology and molecular characteristics are important for both national and global HBV surveil- lance and better clinical approach.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global major health problem.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Currently, 10 genotypes (A-J) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are identified based on the nucleic acid sequence heterogeneity, and these genotypes have been shown to have distinct geographic distribution.
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Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, detection of different HBV genotypes, their epidemiology and molecular characteristics are important for both national and global HBV surveil- lance and better clinical approach.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global major health problem. Currently, 10 genotypes (A-J) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are identified based on the nucleic acid sequence heterogeneity, and these genotypes have been shown to have distinct geographic distribution. Reports of the previous studies indicated that the genotype D is the predominant type among hepatitis B patients in different regions of Turkey. However, recent studies indicated that other HBV genotypes are also seen with an increasing rate. Although epidemiological and clinical information on genotype E infection is currently limited, it is known that genotype E infection is common in West and Central Africa. In this report, the first case of HBV genotype E infection in Turkey was presented. A 22-year-old Nigerian male employee who resided in Manisa for five years was admitted to Celal Bayar University Hospital Manisa, Turkey, for his routine check-up. Since HBsAg was found positive, other HBV markers were tested with a repeated serum sam- ple. Laboratory findings were as follows; HBsAg (+), anti-HBs (-), HBeAg (-), anti-HBe (+), anti-HBc (+), anti-HCV (-), anti-HIV (-), ALT: 44 U/L and AST: 45 U/L. HBV-DNA level was detected as 700 IU/ml by real-time PCR (Artus HBV QS RGQ Qiagen, Germany). HBV-DNA isolated from the serum sample of the patient was amplified by PCR and polymerase gene segment of HBV was directly sequenced. UPGMA method was used for phylogenetic analysis and Inno-LIPA HBV genotyping method (Innogenetics, Belgium) was performed to determine multiple HBV genotype infection. On the basis of those methods the genotype of the virus was identified as genotype E. The partial sequences of the HBV polymerase gene were loaded to the international DNA data bank (GenBank) for contribution to the global HBV surveillance. This report emphasized that besides genotype D the other HBV genotypes could be found in Turkey. Since the patient was an inactive HBsAg carrier before his residence in Turkey, this case was regarded as an imported HBV genotype E case. In conclusion, detection of different HBV genotypes, their epidemiology and molecular characteristics are important for both national and global HBV surveil- lance and better clinical approach.

Özet

Hepatit B virusu (HBV) enfeksiyonları, tüm dünyada önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. HBV, nükleik asit dizi heterojenitesine göre tanımlanan 10 genotip (A-J) içermekte ve bu genotiplerin dünya üzerindeki dağılımı coğrafi bölgelere göre farklılıklar göstermektedir. Ülkemizin değişik bölgelerinde yapılan çalışmalarda, genotip D’nin baskın olduğu gösterilmiş, ancak diğer HBV genotiplerinin de varlığı bildirilmiştir. HBV genotip E hakkındaki epidemiyolojik ve klinik bilgiler sınırlı olsa da, Batı ve Ortadoğu Afrika’da yaygın olarak bulunduğu bilinmektedir. Bu raporda, ülkemizde ilk kez tanımlanan bir HBV genotip E enfeksiyonu olgusunun sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Beş yıldır Manisa’da ikamet eden ve iş hayatına sahip 22 yaşında Nijerya uyruklu bir erkek olgu, rutin sağlık tarama testleri için Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Hastanesine başvurmuştur. Yapılan tetkikler arasında HBsAg testinin pozitif olarak saptanması üzerine hastadan yeni kan örneği alınarak HBV belirteçleri ayrıntılı olarak araştırılmıştır. Hastanın laboratuvar bulguları; HBsAg 21 IU/ml, anti-HBs (-), HBeAg (-), anti-HBe (+), anti-HBc (+), anti-HCV (-), anti-HIV (-), ALT: 44 U/L, AST: 45 U/L olarak belirlenmiş; gerçek zamanlı PCR yöntemiyle (Artus HBV QS RGQ Qiagen, Almanya) HBV-DNA düzeyi 700 IU/ml olarak saptanmıştır. Hastanın serum örneğinden izole edilen HBV-DNA’sı PCR ile çoğaltılmış ve HBV polimeraz gen bölgesi direkt dizileme yöntemiyle dizilenmiştir. Virusun genotipi, UPGMA yöntemi ile yapılan filogenetik analiz ve hastada olası çoklu HBV genotip enfeksiyonunun belirlenmesi amacıyla uygulanan Inno-LiPA HBV genotiplendirme (Innogenetics, Belçika) yöntemi ile genotip E olarak belirlenmiştir. HBV izolatının polimeraz geni parsiyel dizileri, global sürveyansa katkı sağlaması amacıyla uluslararası DNA veri bankasına (Gen Bank) yüklenmiştir. Ülkemizde ilk kez bildirilen bu olgu, Türkiye’de yaygın olan HBV genotip D dışında diğer genotiplerin de olabileceğini vurgulamaktadır. Olgumuz, ülkemize gelmeden önce de inaktif HBsAg taşıyıcısı olduğundan importe olgu özelliği taşımaktadır. Sonuç olarak, farklı HBV genotiplerinin tanımlanması ve epidemiyolojik ve moleküler özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, ulusal ve global HBV sürveyansı açısından önemli olabileceği gibi, genotip tayininin yapılması, klinik yaklaşımların da daha bilinçli olmasına olanak sağlayabilir.

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Cite This Article

SAYAN, M., ŞANLIDAĞ, T., AKÇALI, S., ARIKAN, A. (2014). Hepatitis B virus genotype E infection in Turkey: The detection of the first case. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 48 - Sayı: 4, 683–688. https://ajindex.com/articles/298579

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