Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2014 / Cilt: 48 - Sayı: 1

Molecular characterization of complex recombinant HIV-1 CRF06_cpx subtype detected in Turkey

Türkiye’de saptanan kompleks rekombinant HIV-1 CRF06_cpx alttipinin moleküler karakterizasyonu

Pages
160–167
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, HIV-1 molecular epidemiology studies are important tools for tracking transmission patterns and the spread of CRF.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:A major proportion of the global HIV infections is caused by group M of HIV-1 genotype and to date approximately nine subtypes (A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K) and 50 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) have been recognized.
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Key Findings & Data:Recombinants between different HIV-1 group M subtypes are designated as CRF.
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Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, HIV-1 molecular epidemiology studies are important tools for tracking transmission patterns and the spread of CRF.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2002 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

A major proportion of the global HIV infections is caused by group M of HIV-1 genotype and to date approximately nine subtypes (A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K) and 50 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) have been recognized. Recombinants between different HIV-1 group M subtypes are designated as CRF. The extension ‘cpx’, for complex, is given if the CRF consists of contributions from three or more different subtypes but the composition of the subtype is not given. The objective of this study was to present, for the first time an HIV-1 positive married couple infected with CRF06_cpx subtype in Izmir, Turkey. A 39-year-old male patient who admitted to hospital with the complaints of oral candidiasis and zona, was found to be anti-HIV positive. CD4+ T lymphocyte count was 21 cells/mm3 and plasma HIV-1 RNA level was 56.380 copies/ml. He reported unprotected heterosexual contact with multiple partners including African women during his stay in Saudi Arabia between 1996 and 2002. After his diagnosis, his 37-year- old wife was screened for HIV infection and she was also found anti-HIV positive, with CD4+ T cell count of 122 cells/mm3. However, her results of basal plasma HIV-1 RNA could not be obtained because of an internal control error. HIV-1 strains were analysed for subtyping, recombination and drug resist- ance mutations with pol gene region sequencing. HIV-1 sequences were subtyped as CRF06_cpx after phylogenetic analysis using neighbore-joining method. According to the recombination analysis, HIV-1 pol gene regions consisted of group M subtype G, A, D, and B in the male patient and G K, A, F, and D in the female patient. While L10I + L33F mutation associated with protease inhibitor (PI) resistance was detected in both of the patients, K219N mutation associated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance was detected only in the male patient. In conclusion, HIV-1 molecular epidemiology studies are important tools for tracking transmission patterns and the spread of CRF. Global monitoring of CRF subtypes is also important to supply data for HIV vaccine development studies. On the other hand, the detection of HIV-1 primary resistance mutations in antiretroviral naive patients sug- gested that the resistance testing should be an integral part of the management of HIV infection.

Özet

Dünya çapındaki HIV enfeksiyonlarının önemli ölçüde nedeni HIV-1 genotipinin M grubudur. Günümüzde HIV-1 M grubunun dokuz alttipi (A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K) ve 50 kadar tanımlanmış dolaşan rekombinant formu (CRF) bulunmaktadır. HIV-1 CRF, bireyleri enfekte eden en az iki farklı alttipin rekombinasyonu ile ortaya çıkmaktadır. Rekombinasyon, üç ya da daha fazla alttip/CRF içeriyorsa “cpx (complex)” tanımlaması yapılmakta, ancak alttip kompozisyonu ifade edilmemektedir. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde ilk kez saptanan CRF06_cpx ile enfekte HIV-1 pozitif evli bir çift sunulmuştur. İzmir’de, oral kandidoz ve zona nedeniyle hastaneye başvuran 39 yaşındaki erkek hastada, anti-HIV pozitif, CD4+ T lenfosit sayısı 21 hücre/mm3 ve HIV-1 RNA yükü 56.380 kopya/ml olarak saptanmıştır. 1996-2002 yılları arasında, Suudi Arabistan’da çalışmak amaçlı bulunan hasta, o dönemde aralarında Afrika kökenlilerin de bulunduğu farklı partnerlerle korunmasız, heteroseksüel ilişki tanımlamaktadır. Yapılan taramada, hastanın 37 yaşındaki eşi de anti-HIV yönünden pozitif bulunmuş; CD4+ T lenfosit sayısı 122 hücre/mm3 olarak saptanmış, ancak başlangıç plazma HIV-1 RNA düzeyi PCR internal kontrol hatası nedeniyle belirlenememiştir. Hastalardan izole edilen HIV-1 pol geni bölgesi, alttip, rekombinasyon ve ilaç direnci mutasyonları yönünden analiz edilmiştir. Filogenetik analiz “neighbore-joining” yöntemiyle yapılmış ve suşların alttipi CRF06_cpx olarak saptanmıştır. HIV-1 rekombinasyon analizine göre erkek hastada HIV-1 grup M alttip G, A, D ve B segmentleri, kadın hastada ise G, K, A, F ve D segmentleri belirlenmiştir. HIV-1 ilaç direnci analizlerine göre her iki hastada, HIV-1 genomunda, L10I + L33F ile proteaz inhibitörü (PI) mutasyonları ve sadece erkek hastada K219N ile nükleozid ters transkriptaz inhibitörü (NRTI) mutasyonu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak HIV-1 ile ilişkili moleküler epidemiyolojik çalışmalar, CRF’lerin global yayılımının izlenmesinde ve aşı geliştirme çalışmalarında önem taşımaktadır. Öte yandan, antiretroviral naif bireylerde HIV-1 primer direnç mutasyonlarının bulunması, antiretroviral direnç analizinin HIV-1 enfeksiyonu yönetiminin bir parçası olması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

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Cite This Article

SAYAN, M., KAPTAN, F., ÖRMEN, B., TÜRKER, N. (2014). Molecular characterization of complex recombinant HIV-1 CRF06_cpx subtype detected in Turkey. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 48 - Sayı: 1, 160–167. https://ajindex.com/articles/298512

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