Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2016 / Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 51

Investigation of the Frequency and Distribution of Beta-Lactamase Genes in the Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii Collected From Different Regions of Turkey: A Multicenter Study

Türkiye'nin Farklı Bölgelerinden Toplanan Klinik Acinetobacter baumannii İzolatlarında Beta-Laktamaz Gen Sıklığı ve Dağılımının Araştırılması: Çok Merkezli Bir Çalışma*

Pages
511–521
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The data of our study is parallel to the results of previous studies carried out from Turkey.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The diversity and distribution of TEM, SHV and CTX-M type of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are important for the treatment and control of infections.
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Key Findings & Data:A total of 519 A.baumannii strains collected from hospitals located at 12 different provinces of Turkey (Bolu (n= 67), Tokat (n= 47), Trabzon (n= 25), Ordu (n= 27), Diyarbakır (n= 47), Niğde (n=31), Kayseri (n= 36), Ankara (n= 41), Kirikkale (n= 26), Kahramanmaraş (n= 25), Mersin (n= 40), Istanbul (n= 107)] between 2011-2012 period were included in the study.
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Conclusion & Impact:The data of our study is parallel to the results of previous studies carried out from Turkey.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2011-2012 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

The diversity and distribution of TEM, SHV and CTX-M type of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are important for the treatment and control of infections. Determination of ESBL genes in clinical isolates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing can obtain useful data for their molecular epidemiology and risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of beta-lactamase genes in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from different regions of Turkey. A total of 519 A.baumannii strains collected from hospitals located at 12 different provinces of Turkey (Bolu (n= 67), Tokat (n= 47), Trabzon (n= 25), Ordu (n= 27), Diyarbakır (n= 47), Niğde (n=31), Kayseri (n= 36), Ankara (n= 41), Kirikkale (n= 26), Kahramanmaraş (n= 25), Mersin (n= 40), Istanbul (n= 107)] between 2011-2012 period were included in the study. Identification of the isolates were performed by both conventional methods and automated systems, VITEK2 Compact (BioMerieux, France) and API 32GN (BioMerieux, France). Disc diffusion method was used for the detection of antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates and the results were evaluated according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) criteria. Tigecycline and colistin sensitivities of the isolates were evaluated according to BSAC (British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) criteria. The presence of beta-lactamase genes, namely blaand blasulbactam, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoperazone/sulbactam, tobramycin, ceftriaxone, piperacillintazobactam, gentamicin, ampicillin, tetracycline, cefepime, piperacillin, amikacin, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, meropenem, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem and ceftazidime were detected as; 0.6%, 2.7%, 11.9%, 15.2%, 21%, 22.9%, 23.9%, 48.6%, 59.5%, 61.8%, 66.3%, 67.8%, 69.2%, 71.1%, 77.5%, 78.6%, 81.1%, 82.9%, 87.5% and 89.4%, respectively. All of the isolates (100%) were OXA-51 positive, while 443 (85.4%) out of 519 strains harbored other beta-lactamase genes searched in the study. When the distribution of the genes were evaluated, blawith a frequency rate of 55.7% (n=289/519), followed by bla8.1%), blawas detected in 16.3% (72/443) of the strains, being mostly TEM+CTX-M2 (20/72, 27.8%), TEM+SHV (11/72, 15.3%) and TEM+CTX-M1 (10/72, 13.9%). In addition, it was noted that the distribution of ESBL genes between isolates showed differences according to the provinces. Accordingly, none of the strains isolated from four provinces (Bolu, Niğde, Mersin, Kahramanmaraş) and from three provinces (Bolu, Kahramanmaraş, Diyarbakir) harbored bladetected in isolates collected from all of the provinces, with a highest frequency in Niğde (28/31, 90.3%) and lowest in Trabzon (1/25, 4%). The presence of GES-11 type ESBLs was found only in the isolates sent from Niğde province (8/31; 25.8%). Screening of metallo-beta-lactamase VIM gene also yielded a single positive result amongst only Niğde isolates (1/31; 3.2%), and this gene was identified as VIM-5 type by DNA sequencing. This study which is the first comprehensive national research to characterize ESBLs in A.baumannii isolates by molecular methods, showed that the most prevalent ESBL type is TEM (289/519, 55.7%) amongst A.baumannii strains isolated from different regions of our country. The data of our study is parallel to the results of previous studies carried out from Turkey.

Özet

Geniş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz (GSBL) tiplerinden olan TEM, SHV ve CTX-M genlerinin dağılımı ve çeşitliliğinin bilinmesi, enfeksiyonların kontrolü ve tedavisinde önem taşımaktadır. Klinik izolatlardan, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) ve DNA dizi analizi ile GSBL genlerinin tanımlanması, moleküler epidemiyolojileri ve risklerine ait verilerin elde edilmesinde oldukça yararlıdır. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizin farklı bölgelerinden izole edilen Acinetobacter baumannii suşlarında beta-laktamaz gen sıklığının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, 2011-2012 yılları arasında, Türkiye'nin 12 farklı ilindeki hastanelerden [Bolu (n= 67), Tokat (n= 47), Trabzon (n= 25), Ordu (n= 27), Diyarbakır (n= 47), Niğde (n= 31), Kayseri (n= 36), Ankara (n= 41), Kırıkkale (n= 26), Kahramanmaraş (n= 25), Mersin (n= 40), İstanbul (n= 107)] toplanan 519 A.baumannii suşu dahil edilmiştir. İzolatların tanımlanması, konvansiyonel yöntemlerin yanı sıra VITEK2 Compact (BioMerieux, Fransa) ve API 32GN (BioMerieux, Fransa) otomatize sistemleri ile yapılmıştır. Suşların antibiyotik duyarlılıkları disk difüzyon yöntemi ile araştırılmış ve CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. İzolatların tigesiklin ve kolistine duyarlılıkları ise BSAC (British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) kriterlerine göre yorumlanmıştır. Suşlarda, beta-laktamaz genleri olan bla alınan 519 A.baumannii suşunun, kolistin, tigesiklin, sülbaktam/ampisilin, amoksasilin/klavulanik asit, sefoperazon/sulbaktam, tobramisin, seftriakson, piperasilin-tazobaktam, gentamisin, ampisilin, tetrasiklin, sefepim, piperasilin, amikasin, trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol, meropenem, levofloksasin, siprofloksasin, imipenem ve seftazidime direnç oranları sırasıyla; %0.6, %2.7, %11.9, %15.2, %21, %22.9, %23.9, %48.6, %59.5, %61.8, %66.3, %67.8, %69.2, %71.1, %77.5, %78.6, %81.1, %82.9, %87.5 ve %89.4 olarak saptanmıştır. Çalışmamızda tüm suşlarda (%100) OXA-51 pozitif olarak bulunmuş; 443 (%85.4) suşun ise, araştırılan diğer beta-laktamaz genlerini taşıdığı tespit edilmiştir. Genlerin dağılımına bakıldığında; bla(63/519) ile bla%0.2 (1/519) ile blasık birlikte bulunan genlerin TEM+CTX-M2 (20/72, %27.8), TEM+SHV (11/72, %15.3) ve TEM+CTX-M1 (10/72, %13.9) olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada ayrıca, GSBL genlerinin izolatlardaki dağılımının illere göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Buna göre; Bolu, Niğde, Mersin ve Kahramanmaraş illerine ait izolatlarda blarastlanmamıştır. bla(28/31, %90.3) ve en düşük oranın Trabzon (1/25, %4) izolatlarında saptadığı belirlenmiştir. GES-11 tip GSBL varlığı ise sadece Niğde izolatlarında (8/31; %25.8) tespit edilmiştir. Metallo-beta-laktamaz VIM taramasında, sadece Niğde'den izole edilen bir suşta bu gene rastlanmış (1/31; %3.2) ve DNA dizi analizi ile VIM-5 tipi olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de A. baumannii suşlarında GSBL'nin moleküler yöntemlerle karakterize edildiği ulusal kapsamlı ilk araştırma olup, ülkemizin farklı bölgelerinden izole edilen klinik A.baumannii suşları arasında en baskın GSBL tipinin TEM olduğunu (289/519, %55.7) ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmamızın bulguları, ülkemizde daha önce yapılan çalışmaların sonuçları ile benzerlik göstermektedir.

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Cite This Article

BERİŞ, F. Ş., BUDAK, E. E., GÜLEK, D., UZUN, A., ÇİZMECİ, Z., MENGELOĞLU, F. Z., DİREKEL, Ş., ÇETİNKOL, Y., AY, Y. A., IRAZ, M., DAL, T., COŞKUN, U. S. Ş., BALCI, P. Ö., KAYMAN, T., ÇALIŞKAN, A., YAZICI, Y., TOSUN, İ., ERTÜRK, A., ÇİÇEK, A. Ç. (2016). Investigation of the Frequency and Distribution of Beta-Lactamase Genes in the Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii Collected From Different Regions of Turkey: A Multicenter Study. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 51, 511–521. https://ajindex.com/articles/298442

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