Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2016 / Cilt: 50 - Sayı: 1

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Clinical Nocardia Isolates Identifi ed by 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis

16S rRNA Gen Dizi Analizi ile Tanımlanan Klinik Nocardia İzolatlarının Antimikrobiyal Duyarlılıkları

Pages
11–20
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Since the clinical pictures and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Nocardia species exhibit variability, susceptibility testing is recommended for every Nocardia isolates.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Nocardia species are ubiquitous in the environment and responsible for various human infections such as pulmonary, cutaneous, central nervous system and disseminated nocardiosis.
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Key Findings & Data:A total of 45 clinical Nocardia isolates (isolated from 17 respiratory tract, 8 brain abscess, 7 pus, 3 skin, 3 conjunctiva, 2 blood, 2 tissue, 2 pleural fl uid and 1 cerebrospinal fl uid samples) were identifi ed by using conventional methods and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.
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Conclusion & Impact:Since the clinical pictures and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Nocardia species exhibit variability, susceptibility testing is recommended for every Nocardia isolates.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2011 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Nocardia species are ubiquitous in the environment and responsible for various human infections such as pulmonary, cutaneous, central nervous system and disseminated nocardiosis. Since the clinical pictures and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Nocardia species exhibit variability, susceptibility testing is recommended for every Nocardia isolates. The aims of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities of Nocardia clinical isolates and to compare the results of broth microdilution and disc diffusion susceptibility tests. A total of 45 clinical Nocardia isolates (isolated from 17 respiratory tract, 8 brain abscess, 7 pus, 3 skin, 3 conjunctiva, 2 blood, 2 tissue, 2 pleural fl uid and 1 cerebrospinal fl uid samples) were identifi ed by using conventional methods and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Susceptibility testing was performed for amikacin, ciprofl oxacin, ceftriaxone, linezolid and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) by broth microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria recommended in 2011 approved standard (M24-A2) and disk diffusion method used as an alternative comparative susceptibility testing method. Among the 45 Nocardia strains, N.cyriacigeorgica (n: 26, 57.8%) was the most common species, followed by N.farcinica (n: 12, 26.7%), N.otitiscaviarum (n: 4, 8.9%), N.asteroides (n: 1, 2.2%), N.neocaledoniensis (n: 1, 2.2%) and N.abscessus (n: 1, 2.2%). Amikacin and linezolid were the only two antimicrobials to which all isolates were susceptible for both broth microdilution and disk diffusion tests. In broth microdilution test, resistance rates to TMP-SMX, ceftriaxone and ciprofl oxacin were found as 15.6%, 37.8% and 84.4% respectively, whereas in the disk diffusion test, the highest resistance rate was observed against ciprofl oxacin (n: 33, 73.3%), followed by TMP-SMX (n: 22, 48.9%) and ceftriaxone (n: 15, 33.3%). In both of these tests, N.cyriacigeorgica was the species with the highest resistance to ciprofl oxacin (n: 25, 96.2%). When the susceptibility test results were compared, amikacin (?= 1), linezolid (?= 1), and ceftriaxone (?= 0.903) showed very good agreement, whereas ciprofl oxacin showed good agreement (?= 0.672). For TMPSMX no agreement was found between the two test methods (?= 0.092). In conclusion, due to the identifi cation of different species with molecular methods and increased frequency of Nocardia infections in recent years, in vitro susceptibility testing for Nocardia species is important to guide the appropriate antimicrobial treatment

Özet

Doğada yaygın olarak bulunan Nocardia türleri, insanlarda pulmoner, kütanöz, merkezi sinir sistemi ve sistemik nokardiyoz gibi çeşitli enfeksiyonlara neden olabilmektedir. Çok farklı klinik tablolara yol açması ve yapılan antibiyotik duyarlılık testlerinde farklı profi llerin izlenmesi nedeniyle, izole edilen her bir Nocardia türü için antibiyotik duyarlılık testlerinin yapılması önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, klinik örneklerden izole edilen Nocardia türlerinin antibiyotik duyarlılık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve mikrodilüsyon ve disk difüzyon yöntemlerinin sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, klinik örneklerden izole edilen 45 suş (17 solunum yolu, 8 beyin apsesi, 7 püy, 3 deri, 3 konjonktiva, 2 kan, 2 doku, 2 plevral sıvı, 1 beyin omurilik sıvısı) konvansiyonel yöntemler ve 16S rRNA gen dizi analizi kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır. Duyarlılık testi Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2011 M24-A2 klavuzu tarafından önerilen sıvı mikrodilüsyon ve ayrıca disk difüzyon yöntemi ile yapılmış ve testte amikasin, siprofl oksasin, seftriakson, linezolid ve trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol (TMP-SMX) antibiyotikleri kullanılmıştır. İzole edilen 45 Nocardia suşunun çoğunluğunu N.cyriacigeorgica (n: 26, %57.8) oluşturmuş, bunu N.farcinica (n: 12, %26.7), N.otitiscaviarum (n: 4, %8.9), N.asteroides (n: 1, %2.2), N.neocaledoniensis (n: 1, %2.2) ve N.abscessus (n: 1, %2.2) izlemiştir. Amikasin ve linezolid, sıvı mikrodilüsyon ve disk difüzyon yönteminde direnç gözlenmeyen iki antibiyotik olmuştur. Sıvı mikrodilüsyon yönteminde TMP-SMX, seftriakson ve siprofl oksasine direnç oranları sırasıyla %15.6, %37.8 ve %84.4 olarak bulunmuştur. Tüm izolatlar içinde siprofl oksasine en yüksek direnç N.cyriacigeorgica (n: 25, %96.2) suşlarında tespit edilmiştir. Disk difüzyon yönteminde en fazla direnç siprofl oksasine (n: 33, %73.3) karşı saptanmış ve N.cyriacigeorgica (n: 25, %96.2) tanımlanan türler içinde siprofl oksasine en fazla direnç gözlenen tür olmuştur. İkinci sıklıkta ilaç direnci TMP-SMX (n: 22, %48.9) için belirlenmiş olup, bunu seftriakson (n: 15, %33.3) izlemiştir. Her iki yöntem arasındaki uyum karşılaştırıldığında; amikasin (?= 1), linezolid (?= 1) ve seftriakson (?= 0.903) için yöntemler arasındaki uyumun çok iyi olduğu, siprofl oksasin için ise iyi düzeyde (?= 0.672) olduğu görülmüştür. Buna karşın TMP-SMX için iki yöntem arasında uyum olmadığı (?= 0.092) belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, son yıllarda Nocardia enfeksiyonlarının sıklığının artması ve moleküler yöntemler sayesinde farklı türlerin tanımlanması, tedavi açısından Nocardia türlerine karşı in vitro duyarlılık testlerinin yapılmasının önemini ortaya koymuştur

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Cite This Article

UNER, M. C., HASÇELİK, A. G., MÜŞTAK, H. K. (2016). Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Clinical Nocardia Isolates Identifi ed by 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 50 - Sayı: 1, 11–20. https://ajindex.com/articles/298415

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