Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2020 / Cilt: 54 - Sayı: 1

Comparison of mRNA Levels of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) in Individuals with Natural Immunity to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), and in those with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and without HBV

Hepatit B Virüsüne (HBV) Karşı Doğal Bağışık, Kronik HBV Enfeksiyonu Olan ve HBV ile Karşılaşmamış Bireylerdeki “Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING)” mRNA Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması

Pages
66–78
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Although there was no statistically significant difference between the groups, the data that showed STING expression levels in naturally immunized individuals were approximately 10% higher than those in chronic hepatitis B patients and was considered as an important finding.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:It has been estimated that currently 350-400 million people have been chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide and approximately one million people die each year due to HBV related diseases.
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Key Findings & Data:A total of 90 volunteers have been included in the study from the age range of 18 to 65, in which the first group consists of 30 individuals naturally immunized against HBV, the second group consists of 30 chronically hepatitis B infected patients while the third group consists of 30 healthy population members who have not been exposed to HBV.
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Conclusion & Impact:Although there was no statistically significant difference between the groups, the data that showed STING expression levels in naturally immunized individuals were approximately 10% higher than those in chronic hepatitis B patients and was considered as an important finding.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

It has been estimated that currently 350-400 million people have been chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide and approximately one million people die each year due to HBV related diseases. It has been suggested that the viral and host factors, especially the host immune system, may play a role in the chronicity of the HBV infection. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is one of the members of the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that detects the presence of DNA in a human cell, activate synthesis of various cytokines and this protein is thought to be an important member of the immune system against HBV infection. Based on the assumption that there may be a relationship between the differences of STING expression in individuals and HBV chronicity, the aim of this study was to investigate STING gene expression levels in individuals naturally immunized against HBV, in chronic hepatitis B infected patients and in normal individuals who have not been exposed to HBV. A total of 90 volunteers have been included in the study from the age range of 18 to 65, in which the first group consists of 30 individuals naturally immunized against HBV, the second group consists of 30 chronically hepatitis B infected patients while the third group consists of 30 healthy population members who have not been exposed to HBV. Whole blood samples were taken from each participant and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated afterwards. Total RNA was isolated from PBMC. After the synthesis of cDNA from the total RNA, STING gene expression levels were determined by real time polymerase chain reaction (Rt-PCR) method. Normalization was performed by applying the 2-ΔΔCT formula after Rt-PCR procedure. STING expression level of the naturally immunized group was calculated as 0.084 ± 0.026 on average, average STING expression level of healthy population group was 0.082 ± 0.032 and STING expression level of chronically infected patients group was 0.075 ± 0.022 on average. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p> 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the role of STING expression in the chronicity of HBV. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the groups, the data that showed STING expression levels in naturally immunized individuals were approximately 10% higher than those in chronic hepatitis B patients and was considered as an important finding.

Özet

Tüm dünyada yaklaşık 350-400 milyon kişinin kronik olarak hepatit B virüsü (HBV) ile enfekte olduğu ve her yıl yaklaşık bir milyon kişinin de HBV ile ilişkili hastalıklar nedeniyle hayatını kaybettiği tahmin edilmektedir. Enfeksiyonun kronikleşmesinde virüse ve konağa ait faktörlerin, özellikle de konağın bağışıklık sisteminin rol oynadığı ileri sürülmektedir. “Stimulator of interferon genes (STING)” hücre içindeki DNA varlığını algılayarak çeşitli sitokinlerin sentezini artıran “patern tanıma reseptörü (PRR)’’ ailesinin bir üyesi olup, bu proteinin HBV enfeksiyonuna karşı bağışıklık sisteminin önemli bir elemanı olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bireylerde STING ekspresyonundaki farklılıklar ile HBV’nin kronikleşmesi arasında bir ilişkinin olabileceği varsayılarak kurgulanan bu çalışma, HBV’ye karşı doğal bağışık bireylerde, kronik hepatit B hastalarında ve HBV ile karşılaşmamış normal popülasyonda yer alan bireylerde STING gen ekspresyon düzeyinin araştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya 18-65 yaş aralığında HBV’ye karşı doğal bağışık birinci gruptan 30 kişi, kronik hepatit B hastası ikinci gruptan 30 kişi ve HBV ile karşılaşmamış normal popülasyondaki üçüncü gruptan 30 kişi olmak üzere toplam 90 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Her bir katılımcıdan tam kan örneği alınıp periferik kan mononükleer hücreleri (PKMNH) izole edilmiştir. Elde edilen PKMNH’den total RNA izolasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. İzole edilen total RNA’dan cDNA sentezi gerçekleştirildikten sonra STING gen ekspresyon düzeyi gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (Rt-PCR) yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Rt-PCR işleminden sonra 2-ΔΔCT formülü uygulanarak normalizasyon işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan HBV’ye karşı doğal bağışık bireylerden oluşan grubun STING ekspresyon düzeylerinin ortalaması 0.084 ± 0.026, HBV ile karşılaşmamış bireylerden oluşan grubun STING ekspresyon düzeylerinin ortalaması 0.082 ± 0.032, kronik hepatit B hastalarından oluşan grubun STING ekspresyon düzeylerinin ortalaması ise 0.075 ± 0.022 olarak bulunmuştur. İstatistiksel olarak gruplar arasında anlamlı fark tespit edilmemiştir (p> 0.05). Literatür taramasına göre, çalışmamız HBV enfeksiyonunun kronikleşmesinde STING ekspresyon düzeyinin araştırıldığı ilk çalışmadır. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamasına rağmen, doğal bağışık bireylerdeki STING ekspresyon düzeylerinin kronik hepatit B hastalarındaki STING ekspresyon düzeylerinden yaklaşık %10 oranında daha fazla bulunması önemli bir bulgu olarak değerlendirilmiştir.

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Cite This Article

KASAP, B., BURUK, C. K., KAKLIKKAYA, N., ÖZKAYA, E., KASAP, Z. A., AYDIN, F. (2020). Comparison of mRNA Levels of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) in Individuals with Natural Immunity to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), and in those with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and without HBV. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 54 - Sayı: 1, 66–78. https://ajindex.com/articles/298270

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