Journals / MN Oftalmoloji / 2005 / Cilt: 12 - Sayı: 2

Cortical blindness: Etiology and neuro-ophthalmological signs

Kortikal körlük: Etyoloji ve nörooftalmolojik bulgular

Pages
138–142
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Pattern of visual field loss and localization of occipital lesions have consistent correlation, therefore, perimetric and MRI findings should be evaluated together when making this diagnosis.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Purpose: To discuss the etiologies and accompanying neuroradiologic and perimetric signs of cortical blindness.
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Key Findings & Data:Material and Methods: Etiology and characteristics of bilateral occipital lesions were determined by neuroophthalmologic, neuroradiologic and perimetric examinations in 8 patients.
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Conclusion & Impact:Pattern of visual field loss and localization of occipital lesions have consistent correlation, therefore, perimetric and MRI findings should be evaluated together when making this diagnosis.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Hipertansiyon · Körlük · kortikal

Abstract

Purpose: To discuss the etiologies and accompanying neuroradiologic and perimetric signs of cortical blindness. Material and Methods: Etiology and characteristics of bilateral occipital lesions were determined by neuroophthalmologic, neuroradiologic and perimetric examinations in 8 patients. Results: Factors responsible for cortical blindness were; hypertension (3 cases), hypertension and cerebral neurotoxicity (1 case), cerebral hypoxia (3 cases), and encephalitis (1 case). Findings on perimetric examinations were interpreted as bilateral homonymus hemianopias, bilateral paracentral scotomas or bilateral homonymus hemianopia plus homonymous quadrantic defects on the contralateral side (2 with and 6 without macular sparing). Corrected visual acuities were 0.1 and 0.2 (Snellen lines) in patients whose central visual fields were preserved. In those who had central visual impairment, the best possible visual acuity was Counting fingers at 5 m. Visual acuities were similar in both eyes in all patients. Additional findings were Riddoch Phenomenon (statokinetic dissociation) in one case and Anton Syndrome (denial of blindness) in another. Magnetic Reasonance Imaging (MRI) findings were reported as bilateral occipital lesions which were usually subacute in one and chronic in the other hemisphere in hypertensive cases, temporo-parieto-occipital confluent lesions in hypoxic cases, and diffuse nodular lesions in the case with encephalitis. Conclusion: Consecutive cerebrovascular accidents occurring in each occipital lobe, diffuse cerebral hypoxia and/or infection may cause cerebral blindness. Pattern of visual field loss and localization of occipital lesions have consistent correlation, therefore, perimetric and MRI findings should be evaluated together when making this diagnosis.

Özet

Amaç: Kortikal körlüğün etiyolojisinde rol alan faktörlerin ve bunlara baglı gelişen klinik, perimetrik ve nöroradyolojik bulgularin tartısılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Iki taraflı oksipital lob lezyonlarına bağlı nöro-oftalmolojik bulgular tespit edilen 8 olguda kortikal lezyonların etyolojileri ve karakterleri, nörooftalmolojik, nöroradyolojik ve perimetrik muayeneler ile belirlendi. Bulgular: Iki taraflı oksipital beyin hasarı 3 olguda serebral hipoksi, 3 olguda hipertansiyon, bir olguda hipertansiyon ve serebral nörotoksisite, bir olguda ansefalit nedeniyle gelişmişti. Görme alanı bulguları, santral görme korunarak (2 olgu) ya da korunmadan (6 olgu) olmak üzere; bilateral homonim hemianopsi, homonim hemianopsi ile birlikte karşı tarafta kadranopsi, bilateral parasantral skotom olarak yorumlandı. Düzeltilmiş görme keskinlikleri santral görme alanı korunan olgularda 0.1 ve 0.2, santral görmesi korunmayan olgularda en çok 5 mps olup her iki gözde yaklasık aynı seviyede idi. Bir hastada Riddoch Fenomeni (statokinetik disosiasyon), birinde ise Anton Sendromu (körlügün inkari) bulgulari mevcuttu. Olguların beyin manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG)'lerinde, hipertansif olgularda iki hemisferde farklı zamanlarda gelismis olan bilateral subakut-kronik oksipital lezyonlar, hipoksi geçiren olgularda oksipital, temporal ve pariyetal loblara yayılan lezyonlar, ansefalit olgusunda ise yaygın serebral ve serebellar nodüler lezyonlar saptandı. Sonuç: Hipertansif olgularda ardışık oksipital enfarktlar sonucunda, beyin hipoksisi veya enfeksiyonunda ise yaygın oksipital lob hasarı sonucunda kortikal körlük gelişebilir. Oksipital lezyonların yerleşimi ile nörooftalmolojik bulgular arasında korelasyon olduğundan, görme alanı ve MRG kortikal körlük tanısında birlikte yorumlanmalıdır.

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Cite This Article

ACAROĞLU, İ. G., BERKER, N., ÖZDAMAR, Y., İLHAN, B., ZİLELİOĞLU, O. (2005). Cortical blindness: Etiology and neuro-ophthalmological signs. MN Oftalmoloji, Cilt: 12 - Sayı: 2, 138–142. https://ajindex.com/articles/295874

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