Journals / Genel Tıp Dergisi / 2005 / Cilt: 15 - Sayı: 2

The leukotrienes and asthma

Astım ve lökotrienler

Pages
91–99
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Conclusion: Clinical evidence for the contribution of leukotrienes to asthma is further derived from studies with 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors and LTD4 receptor antagonists, which show effectiveness in various models of asthma and chronic persistent disease.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Concepts about asthma pathogenesis have changed dramatically in the past decade with a new focus on airway inflammation and remodeling as characteristic features of the disease and fundamental links to its pathogenesis.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Arachidonic acid metabolism via the cyclooxygenase pathway produces prostaglandins, including PGD2, PGF2a and tromboxane, all of which have bronchoconstrictor activity.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion: Clinical evidence for the contribution of leukotrienes to asthma is further derived from studies with 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors and LTD4 receptor antagonists, which show effectiveness in various models of asthma and chronic persistent disease.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Lökotrienler · Astım · Enflamasyon

Abstract

Objective: Concepts about asthma pathogenesis have changed dramatically in the past decade with a new focus on airway inflammation and remodeling as characteristic features of the disease and fundamental links to its pathogenesis. These review focuses on the leukotrienes in asthma pathogenesis. Main findings: The development of airway abnormalities in asthma is dictated and directed by the release and generation of cell- derived mediators. The lipid mediators, leukotriens, are produced within minutes of an allergen challenge. Arachidonic acid metabolism via the cyclooxygenase pathway produces prostaglandins, including PGD2, PGF2a and tromboxane, all of which have bronchoconstrictor activity. Lipoxygenase enzyme pathway products include the leukotrienes, including LTB4, as well as cystenil leukotrienes, LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4. LTB4 is a major lipooxygenase product of the alveolar macrophages and neutrophils. The cysteinyl leukotrienes, all contract airway smooth muscle and increase glandular secretion and initiate microvascular plasma leak. In vivo, these compounds increase airway mucus production and cause increased airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic subjects compared with normal controls. Finally, preliminary data suggest that inhaled LTE4 can attract eosinophils to the airway, thus perpetuating the development of eosinophilic inflammation. Conclusion: Clinical evidence for the contribution of leukotrienes to asthma is further derived from studies with 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors and LTD4 receptor antagonists, which show effectiveness in various models of asthma and chronic persistent disease.

Özet

Amaç: Geçtiğimiz on yılda, astım patogenezi hakkındaki temel kavramlar özellikle hastalığın karakteristik bir özelliği olan remodelling ve havayolu inflamasyonu konularında önemli bir şekilde değişmiştir. Bu yazı, astım patogenezinde lökotrienler üzerine yoğunlaşan bir derlemedir. Ana bulgular: Astımlılarda hava yolu anormalliklerinin gelişiminde hücresel mediatörlerin oluşumu ve salınımı bildirilmiş ve gösterilmiştir. Lipit mediatörler, lökotrienler, allerjenle karşılaştıktan dakikalar sonra üretilir. Araşidonik asit metabolizmasında sikloksijenaz yolu ile PGD2, PGF2a ve tromboksan içeren prostaglandinler oluşur, bunların tümü bronkokonstriksiyon ile ilişkilidir. Lipooksijenaz enzim yolu sistenil lökotrienlerin (LTC4, LTD4 ve LTE4) ve LTB4’ün üretimini sağlar. LTB4, alveoler makrofajlar ve nötrofillerde üretilen majör lipooksijenaz ürünüdür. Sistenil lökotrienler, bronş düz kasında kasılmaya sekresyonlarda artışa ve mikrovasküler dolaşımda dışarı plazma sızmasına neden olur. In vivo bu durum hava yolu mukus sekresyonunda artışa ve bronş aşırı duyarlılığına sebep olur. Son olarak çalışmalar, LTE4 inhalasyonunun hava yoluna, eozinofil toplanmasına, dolayısıyla eozinofilik enflamasyona katkısı olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Sonuç: Astımın değişik varyasyonları ve kronik persistan astımda lökotrienlerin katkısı hakkındaki klinik kanıtlar 5-lipoxygenase inhibitörleri ve LTD4 reseptör antagonistleri ile çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlardır ve astım oluşumu üzerinde etkinlikleri gösterilmiştir.

🔖

Cite This Article

ÖZER, F., YOSUNKAYA, Ş. (2005). The leukotrienes and asthma. Genel Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 15 - Sayı: 2, 91–99. https://ajindex.com/articles/225009

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (19)

  1. O’Byrne PM. Leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of asthma. Chest 1997;111:27S-34S
  2. Chanarin N, Johnston SL. Leukotrienes as a target in asthma therapy. Drug 1994;47:12-24
  3. Mungan D. Astma tedavisinde lökotrien sentez inhibitörleri ve reseptör antagonistleri. Tüberküloz Toraks Derg 1999;47(ek 1):5-15
  4. Mayatepek E, Hoffmann EF. Leukotrienes: Biosynthesis, metabolism, and pathophysiologic significance. Ped Res 1995;37:1-9
  5. Claesson HE, Dahlen SE. Asthma and leukotrienes: antileukotrienes as novel anti-asthmatic drugs. J Intern Med 1999;245:205-27
  6. Chung KF. Leukotriene receptor antagonists and biosynthesis inhibitors: potential breakthrough in asthma therapy. Eur Respir J 1995;8:1203-13
  7. Ford-Hutchinson AW, Jakobson PJ. Mechanisms for production and inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis. In: Holgate SH, Dahlen SE editors. SRS-A to Leukotrienes. Cornwall, Blackwell-Science, 1997.p.139-51
  8. Henderson WR Jr. Role of leukotrienes in asthma. Ann Allergy 1994;72:272-8
  9. Dahlen SE. Leukotrienes. In: Holgate St, Busse WW, editors. Inflammatory mechanism in asthma. NewYork, Marcel-Deccer Inc 1998.p. 679-733
  10. Larsen JS, Jackson SK. Antileukotriene therapy for asthma. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1996;53:2821-30
  11. Holgate ST, Bradding P, Sampson AP. Leukotriene receptor antagonists and synthesis inhibitors: New direction in asthma therapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996;98:1-13
  12. Drazen JM. Effects of cysteinil leukotrienes on human airways. In: Holgate SH, Dahlen SE, editors. SRS-A to Leukotrienes. Cornwall, Blackwell-Science 1997.p. 189-201
  13. Churg KF, Holgate ST. Leukotrienes: Why are they important mediators in asthma. Eur Respir Rev 1997;7:259-63
  14. Hay DW, Torphy TJ, Undem BJ. Cysteinyl leukotrienes in asthma: old mediators up to new tricks. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1995;16:304-9
  15. Dahlen SE. Leukotriene receptors and their antagonists. In: Holgate SH, Dahlen SE, editors. SRS-A to Leukotrienes. Cornwall, Blackwell-Science, 1997. p.155-69
  16. Toraks Derneği. Ulusal Astım Tanı ve Tedavi Rehberi. Toraks Derg 2000;ek 1:4
  17. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. WHO/NHLBI workshop report. National Institutes of Health, Bethesta, MD publ. No. 95-3659, 1995
  18. National asthma education and prevention programme. Expert panel report II: Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. National Institutes of Health Publ. 1992, No. 97-4051
  19. Fabbri LM, Sterkk LM. Rationale for a new appro