Journals / Ege Klinikleri Tıp Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 58 - Sayı: 3

Management of Pregnancies at Advanced Maternal Age

İleri Anne Yaşı Gebeliklerine Yaklaşım

Pages
378–382
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The rate of postpartum maternal mortality also increases with AMA which is attributed to the comorbid disorders.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Pregnancies at advanced maternal age (AMA), that is, childbearing in women over a certain age does not have an accepted threshold in literature.
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Key Findings & Data:In general, however, studies consider maternal age over 40 as pregnancy at AMA.
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Conclusion & Impact:The rate of postpartum maternal mortality also increases with AMA which is attributed to the comorbid disorders.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Pregnancies at advanced maternal age (AMA), that is, childbearing in women over a certain age does not have an accepted threshold in literature. In general, however, studies consider maternal age over 40 as pregnancy at AMA. Lack of a clear-cut description makes it impossible to conclude a definite figure on its incidence. Industrialized countries with higher income levels accommodate AMA pregnancies more frequently. Such pregnancies come with various complications. During the early weeks of gestation, patients are posed with the risk of ectopic pregnancy and an increased risk of aneuploidy as well as an elevated risk of spontaneous abortion due to deteriorated egg quality and alterations in uterine and hormonal functions. Risk of congenital malformations also raises with AMA. The most common congenital malformations are cardiac malformations. Maternal morbidity and mortality increase due to the risk of chronic medical diseases accompanying the age of pregnant women. AMA also brings along higher incidences of amnion fluid embolism, obstetric shock, renal failure, and hospitalization at the intensive care unit. In such pregnancies, the most common concomitant disorders are hypertension and diabetes mellitus which are particularly prevalent in overweight and obese women. AMA is an independent risk factor for placenta previa. Major causes of perinatal morbidity in pregnancies at AMA are preterm delivery and low birth weight. Risk of stillbirth is increased by 65% in women above the age of 35 compared to the younger group, and most of fetal death arise after 37 weeks of gestation. Therefore, such pregnant women are instructed to count fetal movements and attending obstetricians are recommended to evaluate biophysical profile and to offer elective induction of labor after week 39. Pregnant women above the age of 35 experience dystocia and Cesarean section more frequently. Following the preterm deliveries born by women at AMA, prognosis of infants was found to be better than infants born to younger mothers, on contrary to expectations. The rate of postpartum maternal mortality also increases with AMA which is attributed to the comorbid disorders.

Özet

İleri anne yaşı gebelikleri için genel olarak kabul gören bir yaş sınırı yoktur. Ancak literatürde genellikle 40 yaş üzerindeki gebelikler ileri anne yaşı gebeliği olarak kabul etmektedir. Net bir tanımı olmamasından dolayı kesin bir sıklık belirtilememektedir. Sanayileşmiş ve gelir seviyesi yüksek toplumlarda daha sıktır. Bu gebelikler çeşitli komplikasyonları birlikte getirmektedir. Oosit kalitesinin azalması, uterin ve hormonal fonksiyonlarda değişiklikler nedeniyle spontan abortus riski artmaktadır. Erken gebelik döneminde ektopik gebelik riski ve anöploidi riski artmaktadır. Anöploidi riskinin yanında konjenital malformasyon riski de artmaktadır. En sık rastlanan malformasyonlar kardiyak malformasyonlardır. Gebelerin yaşı ile birlikte eşlik eden kronik medikal hastalıkların riski nedeniyle maternal morbidite ve mortalite artmaktadır. Artan anne yaşı ile birlikte amnion sıvı embolisi, obstetrik şok, böbrek yetmezliği, yoğun bakım ünitesi yatış riski artmaktadır. Bu gebeliklere en sık eşlik eden hastalık hipertansiyon ve diyabet olup özellikle obez ve aşırı kilolu gebelerde sık rastlanmaktadır.Plasenta previa için gebelik yaşı bağımsız risk faktörüdür. İleri anne yaş gebeliklerinde perinatal morbiditenin en önemli nedenleri preterm doğum ve düşük doğum ağırlığıdır. Ölü doğum riski 35 yaş üstü gebeliklerde, genç yaş grubuna göre %65 oranında artmış olarak saptanmış ve fetal kayıplar genellikle 37. haftadan sonra gerçekleşmiştir. Bu nedenle 37. haftadan sonra gebenin bebek hareketlerini sayması, obstetrisyenin biyofizik profilini değerlendirmesi ve 39. haftadan sonra elektif indüksiyon uygulanması önerilmektedir. 35 yaş üzerindeki gebelerde distosi ve sezaryen oranı artmıştır. İleri anne yaş gebelerin preterm doğumları sonrası bebeklerin prognozu genç anne gebelikleri ile karşılaştırıldığında beklenin aksine daha iyi seyretmiştir. İleri anne yaşı ile birlikte postpartum dönemde maternal mortalite sıklığı da artmakta ve bunun nedeni olarak eşlik eden ko-morbid hastalıklar suçlanmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

KINCI, M., KİNCİ, Ö. Ş., PASKAL, E. K., SİVASLIOĞLU, A. A. (2020). Management of Pregnancies at Advanced Maternal Age. Ege Klinikleri Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 58 - Sayı: 3, 378–382. https://ajindex.com/articles/222655

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