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Journals / Recent Trends in Pharmacology / 2025 / Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Thalidomide Modulates Oxidative Stress and Tubular Pathology in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion in a Timing-Dependent Manner

Onural Özhan(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-9018-7849
Ugur Cem Mete(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-9033-0078
Azibe Yıldız(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-5686-7867
Merve Durhan(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-1150-7942
Nigar Vardı(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-0576-1696
Yılmaz Çiğremiş(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-8600-0946
Ahmet Acet(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-1131-1878
Hakan Parlakpınar(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-9497-3468
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-01-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These data support TD as a context-dependent adjunct for peri-ischemic kidney protection.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Background: Renal ischemia–reperfusion (IR) drives acute kidney injury through oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: Thirty-two female Wistar albino rats were randomized to four groups (n=8): Sham, IR, TD+IR (20 mg/kg i.p. 30 min before ischemia), and IR+TD (20 mg/kg i.p. immediately after 60-min ischemia).
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Conclusion & Impact:These data support TD as a context-dependent adjunct for peri-ischemic kidney protection.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Thalidomide · Renal ischemia–reperfusion · Oxidative stress

Abstract

Background: Renal ischemia–reperfusion (IR) drives acute kidney injury through oxidative stress and inflammation. Thalidomide (TD), an immunomodulatory agent, may attenuate IR-related biochemical and structural damage. Methods: Thirty-two female Wistar albino rats were randomized to four groups (n=8): Sham, IR, TD+IR (20 mg/kg i.p. 30 min before ischemia), and IR+TD (20 mg/kg i.p. immediately after 60-min ischemia). All animals underwent right nephrectomy, left renal ischemia (60 min), and 24-h reperfusion. Outcomes included serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine (CR)/albumin; renal malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT); and histopathology (tubular dilatation, epithelial shedding, intertubular congestion). Results: IR increased BUN/CR versus Sham, while albumin was unchanged. TD+IR modestly lowered BUN/CR compared with IR, whereas IR+TD did not improve these indices at 24 h. MDA rose with IR and was reduced by TD+IR (vs IR), but not by IR+TD; CAT fell with IR and was highest in IR+TD, while GSH and SOD showed no significant group differences. Histologically, IR produced tubular epithelial shedding, dilatation, and intertubular congestion. TD+IR improved all parameters except epithelial shedding (vs IR), and IR+TD improved all except tubular dilatation; medullary congestion decreased in both TD groups, more prominently with IR+TD. Conclusion: TD confers schedule-dependent renoprotection in renal IR. Pre-ischemic dosing more consistently preserves function and limits lipid peroxidation, whereas post-ischemic dosing better enhances CAT activity and alleviates medullary congestion. These data support TD as a context-dependent adjunct for peri-ischemic kidney protection.

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Cite This Article

Özhan, O., Mete, U. C., Yıldız, A., Durhan, M., Vardı, N., Çiğremiş, Y., Acet, A., Parlakpınar, H. (2026). Thalidomide Modulates Oxidative Stress and Tubular Pathology in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion in a Timing-Dependent Manner. Recent Trends in Pharmacology, Volume: 3 Issue: 3. https://doi.org/10.62425/rtpharma.1780199

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