Journals / Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Roles of Public Authorities in the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Regulations

Avrupa Birliği Yapay Zeka Düzenlemelerinde Kamu Otoritelerinin Rolleri

Aysu Müge Yeşil Yılmaz(Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi)0009-0002-1472-5574
Pages
33–66
Publication Date
2026-06-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

At the same time, these instruments assign new powers and responsibilities to public authorities in EU Member States at the Union, national, and sectoral levels, thereby redefining and expanding the roles of public authorities within a multi-layered governance structure.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This article examines how the European Union’s current artificial intelligence policy has been shaped through its key AI regulatory instruments—the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act, 2024), the AI Continent Action Plan (2025), and the Apply AI Strategy (2025)—and analyzes the roles assigned to public authorities within this framework.
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Key Findings & Data:To this end, the study adopts a three-stage analytical approach, addressing the legally binding and regulatory role of the AI Act, the strategic role of the AI Continent Action Plan in articulating the visions of “digital sovereignty” and “global leadership,” and the implementation-oriented role of the Apply AI Strategy, which defines concrete actions.
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Conclusion & Impact:At the same time, these instruments assign new powers and responsibilities to public authorities in EU Member States at the Union, national, and sectoral levels, thereby redefining and expanding the roles of public authorities within a multi-layered governance structure.
🔬Design:İnceleme Makalesi
📍Scope:2024 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Yapay zekâ · AB Yapay Zekâ Yasası · Yapay Zekâ Kıtası Eylem Planı

Abstract

This article examines how the European Union’s current artificial intelligence policy has been shaped through its key AI regulatory instruments—the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act, 2024), the AI Continent Action Plan (2025), and the Apply AI Strategy (2025)—and analyzes the roles assigned to public authorities within this framework. To this end, the study adopts a three-stage analytical approach, addressing the legally binding and regulatory role of the AI Act, the strategic role of the AI Continent Action Plan in articulating the visions of “digital sovereignty” and “global leadership,” and the implementation-oriented role of the Apply AI Strategy, which defines concrete actions. This three-stage analysis constitutes the core architecture of EU AI policy at the legal, strategic, and implementation levels, while the role classification developed in the study reveals the specific governance roles assigned to public authorities through these documents. Taken together, these instruments demonstrate that the EU has designed a comprehensive AI policy that is binding through its legal framework, strategic through its “global leadership” vision, and implementation-oriented through the detailed specification of the steps required to achieve this vision. At the same time, these instruments assign new powers and responsibilities to public authorities in EU Member States at the Union, national, and sectoral levels, thereby redefining and expanding the roles of public authorities within a multi-layered governance structure.

Özet

Bu makale, Avrupa Birliği’nin yapay zekaya ilişkin düzenleme belgeleri olan Yapay Zekâ Yasası (AI Act, 2024), Yapay Zekâ Kıtası Eylem Planı (AI Continent Action Plan, 2025) ve Yapay Zekâ Uygulama Stratejisi (Apply AI Strategy, 2025) üzerinden AB’nin güncel yapay zekâ politikasının nasıl biçimlendiğini ortaya koymakta ve bu çerçevede kamu otoritelerine yüklenen rolleri analiz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, üç aşamalı bir değerlendirme yapılarak Yapay Zekâ Yasası’nın hukuki bağlayıcılığı ve düzenleyici rolü, Yapay Zekâ Kıtası Eylem Planı’nın “dijital egemenlik” ve “küresel liderlik” vizyonunu yansıtan stratejik rolü, Yapay Zekâ Uygulama Stratejisi’nin somut eylemler tanımlayan uygulama rolü ele alınmaktadır. Üç aşamalı bu analiz, AB yapay zekâ politikasının hukuki, stratejik ve uygulama düzeylerindeki ana mimarisini oluşturmakta, çalışma kapsamında gerçekleştirilen rol sınıflandırması ise, bu belgeler aracılığıyla kamu otoritelerine yüklenen somut yönetişim rollerini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu düzenlemeler birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, AB’nin güncel yapay zekâ politikasının, yasa düzeyinde çerçevelenmesiyle bağlayıcı, “küresel liderlik” vizyonuyla stratejik ve bu vizyona ulaşmak için gerekli adımları ayrıntılı biçimde tanımlamasıyla uygulamaya dönük bütüncül bir yapay zekâ politikası tasarladığı görülmektedir. Öte yandan söz konusu düzenlemeler, AB üye devletlerindeki kamu otoritelerine birlik, ulusal ve sektörel düzeylerde yeni yetki ve sorumluluklar atayarak, kamu otoritelerinin rollerini çok katmanlı bir yönetişim yapısı içinde yeniden tanımlamakta ve genişletmektedir.

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Cite This Article

Yılmaz, A. M. Y. (2026). Roles of Public Authorities in the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Regulations. Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Dergisi, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 33–66. https://doi.org/10.66643/btkdergi.1832991

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