Journals / Research in Agricultural Sciences / 2026 / Volume: 57 Issue: 2

Evaluating the Ecological Resilience of Urban Parks through Plant Tolerance Criteria: A Case Study from Samsun, Türkiye

Bitki Tolerans Kriterleri Aracılığıyla Kentsel Parkların Ekolojik Dayanıklılığının Değerlendirilmesi: Samsun, Türkiye Örneği

Erdi Ekren(KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI BÖLÜMÜ, PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI PR.)0000-0003-1223-3568
Sinan Kordon(KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI BÖLÜMÜ, PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI ANABİLİM DALI)0000-0003-3165-2119
Ibrahim Halil Hatipoglu(ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-7236-4976
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-05-19
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The findings provide practical criteria for integrating ecological tolerance into plant selection and climate-resilient urban park planning.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Urban parks are key components of green infrastructure, yet their long-term functionality increasingly depends on the ecological tolerance of plant species under multiple environmental stressors.
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Key Findings & Data:A total of 104 woody taxa were identified through repeated field surveys in Kurupelit Campus Park, Batı Park, Tekkeköy Park, Doğu Park, and Adnan Kahveci Park.
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Conclusion & Impact:The findings provide practical criteria for integrating ecological tolerance into plant selection and climate-resilient urban park planning.
🔬Design:Survey & Empirical Study
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Ecological tolerance · Landscape plants · Samsun

Abstract

Urban parks are key components of green infrastructure, yet their long-term functionality increasingly depends on the ecological tolerance of plant species under multiple environmental stressors. Evaluating plant tolerance traits can therefore support more resilient species selection and park management in cities affected by climate change. This study assessed the ecological tolerance characteristics of woody plant taxa in five urban parks in Samsun, located in the Central Black Sea Region of Türkiye. A total of 104 woody taxa were identified through repeated field surveys in Kurupelit Campus Park, Batı Park, Tekkeköy Park, Doğu Park, and Adnan Kahveci Park. Plant taxa were photographed, recorded in a park-based inventory, and evaluated for air pollution, drought, wind, salinity, heat, and cold tolerance using published literature and plant databases. Air pollution, drought, wind, and salinity were scored on a four-level ordinal scale, while heat and cold were evaluated as binary variables. Descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis H tests, Pearson’s chi-square tests, effect size calculations, and Principal Component Analysis were applied. The highest proportions of tolerant taxa were found for cold (77.9%), air pollution (77.2%), and heat (71.6%). In comparison, high tolerance was lower for drought (59.9%), wind (52.1%), and salinity (51.4%). No statistically significant inter-park differences were detected, and effect sizes were negligible, indicating broadly similar tolerance compositions. PCA identified two main gradients: abiotic stress tolerance and urban climatic stress tolerance. The findings provide practical criteria for integrating ecological tolerance into plant selection and climate-resilient urban park planning.

Özet

Kent parkları, yeşil altyapının temel bileşenleri arasında yer almakta; ancak bu alanların uzun vadeli işlevselliği, çevresel stres faktörleri altında kullanılan bitki türlerinin ekolojik tolerans kapasitesine bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Bu nedenle bitki tolerans özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi, iklim değişikliğinden etkilenen kentlerde daha dirençli tür seçimi ve park yönetimi için önemli bir temel sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde yer alan Samsun’daki beş kent parkında bulunan odunsu bitki taksonlarının ekolojik tolerans özelliklerini değerlendirmiştir. Kurupelit Kampüs Parkı, Batı Park, Tekkeköy Parkı, Doğu Park ve Adnan Kahveci Parkı’nda gerçekleştirilen tekrarlı arazi çalışmaları sonucunda toplam 104 odunsu takson belirlenmiştir. Taksonlar arazide fotoğraflanmış, park bazlı envantere kaydedilmiş ve hava kirliliği, kuraklık, rüzgâr, tuzluluk, sıcak ve soğuk toleransı bakımından literatür ve bitki veri tabanları kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hava kirliliği, kuraklık, rüzgâr ve tuzluluk dört düzeyli ordinal ölçekle; sıcak ve soğuk toleransı ise ikili değişken olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Kruskal-Wallis H testi, Pearson ki-kare testi, etki büyüklüğü hesaplamaları ve Temel Bileşenler Analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. En yüksek tolerans oranları soğuk (%77,9), hava kirliliği (%77,2) ve sıcak (%71,6) için belirlenmiştir. Buna karşılık kuraklık (%59,9), rüzgâr (%52,1) ve tuzluluk (%51,4) toleransı daha düşük kalmıştır. Parklar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmamış, etki büyüklükleri ihmal edilebilir düzeyde bulunmuştur. Bulgular, ekolojik tolerans kriterlerinin iklime dirençli kent parkı planlamasına entegre edilmesi için uygulanabilir bir temel sunmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Ekren, E., Kordon, S., Hatipoglu, I. H. (2026). Evaluating the Ecological Resilience of Urban Parks through Plant Tolerance Criteria: A Case Study from Samsun, Türkiye. Research in Agricultural Sciences, Volume: 57 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.17097/agricultureatauni.1868281

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