Journals / İnsan ve Toplum / 2026 / Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2

Children’s Evaluations About Lying for Prosocial and Antisocial Reasons

Çocukların Prososyal ve Antisosyal Nedenlerle Söylenen Yalanlara İlişkin Değerlendirmeleri

Pages
318–337
Publication Date
2023-06-20
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results show that children found telling lies to be more acceptable in the context of prosocial stories, with prosocial lies being found to be more acceptable among 8-year-old children compared to 4- and 5-year-old children.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Children’s reasoning and evaluations about lying have been the subject of much research during the past two decades.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Therefore, the present study examines the evaluations of Turkish children between the ages of 4 and 8 regarding prosocial and antisocial lies.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The results show that children found telling lies to be more acceptable in the context of prosocial stories, with prosocial lies being found to be more acceptable among 8-year-old children compared to 4- and 5-year-old children.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Prososyal yalan · antisosyal yalan · yalana ilişkin değerlendirmeler

Abstract

Children’s reasoning and evaluations about lying have been the subject of much research during the past two decades. However, these studies are seen to have been carried out in a limited number of countries. Therefore, the present study examines the evaluations of Turkish children between the ages of 4 and 8 regarding prosocial and antisocial lies. The study uses picture cards to present the children with vignettes in which a protagonist lies for their own or others’ benefit. The results show that children found telling lies to be more acceptable in the context of prosocial stories, with prosocial lies being found to be more acceptable among 8-year-old children compared to 4- and 5-year-old children. Due to this research having been pioneering in a different country, the study discusses the findings through intracultural and intercultural factors.

Özet

Çocukların yalana ilişkin muhakeme ve değerlendirmeleri, son yirmi yılda pek çok araştırmanın konusu olmuştur. Ancak bu çalışmaların sınırlı sayıdaki ülkelerde gerçekleştiği görülmektedir. Bu nedenle şimdiki çalışmada 4-8 yaşları arasındaki Türk çocuklarının prososyal ve antisosyal yalanlara ilişkin değerlendirmeleri incelenmiştir. Çocukların yalana ilişkin değerlendirmelerinin ölçümünde, prososyal ve antisosyal içerikli yalan söylenen hikâyeler resimli kartlarla çocuklara anlatılmıştır. Sonuçlar, çocukların prososyal niyetle yalan söylenen öykülerde yalan söyleme davranışlarını daha kabul edilebilir bulduklarını ve bu tür prososyal yalanların 8 yaşındaki çocuklarda 4 ve 5 yaşındaki çocuklara göre daha kabul edilebilir bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Mevcut araştırma batılı toplumlar dışında gerçekleştirilmesi açısından öncü olduğu için bulgular kültür içi ve kültürler arası faktörler üzerinden tartışılmıştır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Aydın, M. Ş., Karakelle, S. (2023). Children’s Evaluations About Lying for Prosocial and Antisocial Reasons. İnsan ve Toplum, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 318–337. https://doi.org/10.12658/M0716

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (38)

  1. Astington, J. W., & Jenkins, J. M. (1995). Theory of mind development and social understanding. Cognition and Emotion, 9, 151–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699939508409006
  2. Aydin, M. S. (2022). Prosocial lies in children: The social and cognitive correlates of acceptability of prosocial lies in middle childhood. Nobel Publishing.
  3. Aydin, M. S., & Balim, S. (2021). Why do we lie? An explanatory view for lie-telling behaviors of university students and adults. Nesne, 9(20), 291–304. https://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-09-20-05
  4. Aydin, M. S., Karakelle, S., & Kumru, A. (2022). The reliability and validity study of the Reasonability of Prosocial Lie Test-Child Form. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology, 4(1), 34–42. http://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.22.1.04
  5. Aydin, M. S., Meric, I., Sahin, F. B., & Ergun, E. Y. (2022). Ebeveyn tutumları ve benlik kurgusu ile çocukların yalana ilişkin değerlendirmeleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. Gelişim ve Psikoloji Dergisi, 3(6), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.51503/gpd.1110452
  6. Bussey, K. (1999). Children's categorization and evaluation of different types of lies and truths. Child Development, 70(6), 1338–1347. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00098
  7. Cutting, A. L., & Dunn, J. (1999). Theory of mind, emotion understanding, language, and family background: Individual differences and interrelations. Child Development, 70(4), 853–865.
  8. Demedardi, M. J., Brechet, C., Gentaz, E., & Monnier, C. (2021). Prosocial lying in children between 4 and 11 years of age: The role of emotional understanding and empathy. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 203, 105045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2020.105045
  9. DePaulo, B. M., Ansfield, M. E., Kirkendol, S. E., & Boden, J. M. (2004). Serious lies. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 26, 147–167. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15324834basp2602&3_4
  10. DePaulo, B. M., Kashy, D. A., Kirkendol, S. E., Wyer, M. M., & Epstein, J. A. (1996). Lying in everyday life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(5), 979-995. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 3514.70.5.979
  11. Dykstra, V. W., Willoughby, T., & Evans, A. D. (2020). Perceptions of dishonesty: Understanding parents’ reports of and influence on children and adolescents’ lie-telling. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01153-5
  12. Eskritt, M., Whalen, J., & Lee, K. (2008). Preschoolers can recognize violations of the Gricean maxims. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 26(3), 435–443. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151007X253260
  13. Evans, A. D., & Lee, K. (2013). Emergence of lying in very young children. Developmental Psychology, 49(10), 1958–1963. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0031409
  14. Fu, G., Lee, K., Cameron, C. A., & Xu, F. (2001). Chinese and Canadian adults’ categorization and evaluation of lie-and truth-telling about prosocial and antisocial behaviors. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(6), 720–727. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022101032006005
  15. Guo, C. X., & Rochat, P. (2022). Children’s cost–benefit assessment of lies across three cultures. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 217, 105355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2021.105355
  16. Kagitcibasi, C. (1989). Child rearing in Türkiye: Implications for immigration and intervention. In L. Eldering & J. Kloprogge (Eds.), Different cultures, same school: Ethnic minority children in Europe (137- 152). Swets & Zeitlinger.
  17. Kagitcibasi, C. (2013). Adolescent autonomy‐relatedness and the family in cultural context: What is optimal? Journal of Research on Adolescence, 23(2), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12041
  18. Kagitcibasi, C., & Ataca, B. (2005). Value of children and family change: A three-decade portrait from Türkiye. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 54, 317–337.
  19. Karakelle, S. S. (2012). Zihin kuramı gelişiminde kardeş etkisi: İkizler, tek kardeşliler ve tek çocukların karşılaştırılması. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları (Turkish Psychology Writings), 15, 43–56.
  20. Killen, M., Mulvey, K. L., Richardson, C., Jampol, N., & Woodward, A. (2011). The accidental transgressor: Morally relevant theory of mind. Cognition, 119(2), 197–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2011.01.006
  21. Kohlberg, L. (1975). The cognitive-developmental approach to moral education. The Phi Delta Kappan, 56(10), 670–677.
  22. Lavoie, J., Nagar, P. M., & Talwar, V. (2017). From Kantian to Machiavellian deceivers: Development of children’s reasoning and self-reported use of secrets and lies. Childhood, 24(2), 197–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/0907568216671179
  23. Lee, K. (2013). Little liars: Development of verbal deception in children. Child Development Perspectives, 7, 91–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12023
  24. Lee, K., Cameron, C. A., Xu, F., & Board, J. (1997). Chinese and Canadian children's evaluations of lying and truth telling: Similarities and differences in the context of pro‐ and antisocial behaviors. Child Development, 68(5), 924–934. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1997.tb01971.x
  25. Lee, K., Xu, F., Fu, G., Cameron, C. A., & Chen, S. (2001). Taiwan and Mainland Chinese and Canadian children’s categorization and evaluation of lie‐and truth‐telling: A modesty effect. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 19(4), 525–542. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151001166236
  26. Mojdehi, A. S., Shohoudi, A., & Talwar, V. (2022). Children’s moral evaluations of different types of lies and parenting practices and across cultural contexts. Current Psychology, 41, 5420–5433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01059-7
  27. Mull, M. S., & Evans, E. M. (2010). Did she mean to do it? Acquiring a folk theory of intentionality. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 107(3), 207–228.
  28. Polak, A., & Harris, P. L. (1999). Deception by young children following noncompliance. Developmental Psychology, 35(2), 561–568. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.35.2.561
  29. Sierksma, J., Spaltman, M., & Lansu, T. A. M. (2019). Children tell more prosocial lies in favor of in-group than out-group peers. Developmental Psychology, 55(7), 1428–1439. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000721
  30. Thoits, P. A., & Hewitt, L. N. (2001). Volunteer work and well-being. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 42(2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.2307/3090173
  31. Umek, L. M., Fekonja, U., Kranjc, S., & Bajc, K. (2008). The effect of children’s gender and parental education on toddler language development. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 16(3), 325–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/13502930802292056
  32. Van de Vondervoort, J. W., & Hamlin, J. K. (2017). Preschoolers’ social and moral judgments of third-party helpers and hinderers align with infants’ social evaluations. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 164, 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2017.07.004
  33. Vendetti, C., Kamawar, D., & Andrews, K. E. (2019). Theory of mind and preschoolers’ understanding of misdeed and politeness lies. Developmental Psychology, 55(4), 823–834. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/dev0000666
  34. Walker, L. J., Hennig, K. H., & Krettenauer, T. (2000). Parent and peer contexts for children's moral reasoning development. Child Development, 71(4), 1033–1048.
  35. Walker, L. J., & Taylor, J. H. (1991). Family interactions and the development of moral reasoning. Child Development, 62(2), 264–283.
  36. Walper, S., & Valtin, R. (1992). Children’s understanding of white lies. In R. J. Watts, S. Ide, & K. Ehlich (Eds.), Politeness in language: Studies in history, theory, and practice (Vol. 59, pp. 231–251). Mouton de Gruyter.
  37. Wynn, K., & Bloom, P. (2014). The moral baby. In M. Killen & J. G. Smetana (Eds.), Handbook of moral development (2nd ed., pp. 435–453). Psychology Press.
  38. Xu, F., Luo, Y. C., Fu, G., & Lee, K. (2009). Children's and adults' conceptualization and evaluation of lying and truth‐telling. Infant and Child Development: An International Journal of Research and Practice, 18(4), 307–322. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.631