Journals / İnsan ve Toplum / 2026 / Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2

The Russian Resilience Against Sanctions: The Roles of Proactive Policies and External Geopolitical Factors

Yaptırımlara Karşı Dirençte Küresel Politik Dinamiklerin ve Rusya'nın Proaktif Politikalarının Etkileri

Murat Aslan(YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-6808-1308
Halil Kürşad Aslan(ISTANBUL MEDIPOL UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-9926-7108
Pages
32–56
Publication Date
2025-06-04
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The findings underscore the importance of accounting for complex global dynamics when assessing the effectiveness of economic sanctions.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study examines the effectiveness of economic sanctions imposed on Russia by the United States and its Western allies following the annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the invasion of Ukraine in 2022.
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Key Findings & Data:Although designed to exert significant economic and political pressure, the impact of these sanctions has been undermined by several factors.
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Conclusion & Impact:The findings underscore the importance of accounting for complex global dynamics when assessing the effectiveness of economic sanctions.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2014 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Yaptırımlar · Rusya · ABD

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of economic sanctions imposed on Russia by the United States and its Western allies following the annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Although designed to exert significant economic and political pressure, the impact of these sanctions has been undermined by several factors. Using a case study methodology, this research constructs an analytical framework to explore the relatively limited effectiveness of the sanctions. First, it highlights Russia’s strategic use of internal and external policy tools as a critical factor in mitigating their impact. Second, global political dynamics—such as China’s emergence as a counterbalance to the United States and India’s growing regional influence—act as “pull factors” that weaken the sanctions’ effectiveness. Third, facilitators within the global financial system, including rising oil prices, the declining dominance of the U.S. dollar, and gray areas in global financial governance, have further reduced their impact. While the sanctions have imposed significant economic costs on Russia, these factors collectively explain their failure to achieve their intended objectives. The findings underscore the importance of accounting for complex global dynamics when assessing the effectiveness of economic sanctions.

Özet

Bu çalışma, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Batılı müttefikleri tarafından 2014’te Kırım’ın ilhakı ve 2022’de Ukrayna’nın işgalinin ardından Rusya’ya uygulanan ekonomik yaptırımların etkinliğini incelemektedir. Bu yaptırımlar, Rusya üzerinde önemli ekonomik ve politik baskı oluşturmayı amaçlarken, etkileri çeşitli faktörlerle sınırlanmıştır. Vaka çalışması metodolojisini referans alarak, bu çalışma yaptırımların nispeten düşük etkisinin araştırmak için analitik bir çerçeve oluşturmaktadır. İlk olarak, Rusya’nın iç ve dış politika araçlarını stratejik bir şekilde kullanması, yaptırımların etkisini azaltan temel bir faktör olarak öne çıkmaktadır. İkinci olarak, Çin’in Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne karşı bir denge unsuru olarak yükselişi ve Hindistan’ın Asya’daki artan önemi gibi küresel siyasi dinamikler, yaptırımların etkinliğini azaltan “çekim faktörleri” olarak işlev görmektedir. Üçüncü olarak, küresel finansal sistemdeki yükselen petrol fiyatları, ABD dolarının azalan hâkimiyeti ve küresel finansal yönetişimdeki gri alanlar gibi kolaylaştırıcı unsurlar, yaptırımların etkisini sınırlamıştır. Rusya’ya önemli ekonomik maliyetler yüklemesine rağmen, bu faktörler bir araya gelerek yaptırımların beklenen sonuçları neden sağlamadığını açıklamaktadır. Bulgular, ekonomik yaptırımların etkinliğini değerlendirirken karmaşık küresel dinamiklerin dikkate alınması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Aslan, M., Aslan, H. K. (2025). The Russian Resilience Against Sanctions: The Roles of Proactive Policies and External Geopolitical Factors. İnsan ve Toplum, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 32–56. https://doi.org/10.12658/M0761

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