Journals / Eskisehir Medical Journal / 2026 / Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Multiple Sclerosis and Autoantibody Positivity: Diagnostic Value and Clinical Implications

Multipl Skleroz ve Otoantikor Pozitifliği: Tanısal Değeri ve Klinik Yansımaları

Levent Öcek(University of Healthy Sciences, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology)0000-0001-9836-3659
İrem Eylül Kırdı(Izmir City Hospital Department of Neurology)0009-0006-2249-113X
Elif Gonca Bektaş(Izmir City Hospital Department of Neurology)0009-0001-8371-2024
Neslihan Eşkut(Izmir City Hospital Department of Neurology)0000-0003-1882-8992
Aslı Köşkderelioğlu(University of Healthy Sciences, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology)0000-0002-7828-6382
Pınar Ortan(University of Healthy Sciences, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology)0000-0002-0847-2358
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-05-31
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These findings highlight the need for larger, prospective studies to elucidate the role of autoantibodies in MS pathogenesis.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:OIntroduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative processes affecting the central nervous system.
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: Patients who were evaluated with a preliminary diagnosis of MS and continued regular follow-up in our clinic between November 2023 and February 2025 were included.
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Conclusion & Impact:These findings highlight the need for larger, prospective studies to elucidate the role of autoantibodies in MS pathogenesis.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2023 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Multiple sclerosis · autoantibodies · autoimmune diseases

Abstract

OIntroduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative processes affecting the central nervous system. In recent years, increasing attention has been drawn to the coexistence of autoantibody positivity and other autoimmune diseases in MS patients. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of autoantibody positivity in MS patients and its relationship with clinical, laboratory, and radiological features. Methods: Patients who were evaluated with a preliminary diagnosis of MS and continued regular follow-up in our clinic between November 2023 and February 2025 were included. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of autoantibody positivity. Demographic, clinical (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS], history of concomitant autoimmune disease), laboratory, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were compared. Results: A total of 68 patients were included, of whom 46 (67.6%) were female, with a mean age of 36.26±11.51 years. Relapsing-remitting MS was identified in 76.5% (n=52) of patients. The most common clinical manifestation was sensory symptoms, observed in 48.5%. Autoantibody positivity was detected in 27.9% of patients, with antinuclear antibody (ANA) being the most frequently positive (11.8%). Autoantibody positivity was significantly higher in females (p=0.017), and concomitant autoimmune disease was more frequent in this group (p=0.047). No significant differences were observed between groups regarding MS subtype, initial symptoms, EDSS score, MRI lesion distribution, or cerebrospinal fluid findings (p>0.05). Conclusion: A considerable proportion of MS patients exhibited autoantibody positivity, which was particularly associated with female sex and the presence of concomitant autoimmune diseases. Although autoantibody positivity was not predictive of clinical phenotype or disease severity, it may reflect systemic autoimmune susceptibility. These findings highlight the need for larger, prospective studies to elucidate the role of autoantibodies in MS pathogenesis.

Özet

Giriş Multipl skleroz (MS), merkezi sinir sistemini etkileyen otoimmün, inflamatuar ve nörodejeneratif süreçlerle karakterize kronik bir hastalıktır. Son yıllarda MS hastalarında otoantikor pozitifliğinin ve diğer otoimmün hastalıkların birlikteliği dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışma, MS hastalarında otoantikor pozitifliğinin sıklığını ve klinik, laboratuvar ile radyolojik özelliklerle ilişkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Yöntem Kasım 2023-Şubat 2025 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde MS ön tanısı ile tetkik edilen ve düzenli takiplerine devam eden hastalar dahil edildi. Hastalar otoantikor pozitifliği durumuna göre iki gruba ayrıldı. Demografik, klinik (Genişletilmiş Engellilik Durumu Ölçeği (EDSS), eşlik eden otoimmün hastalık öyküsü), laboratuvar ve manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) bulguları karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular Çalışmaya 46’sı(%67,6) kadın, olmak üzere 68 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 36,26±11,51 yıldı. %76,5(52)’sına relapsing remitting MS tanısı konuldu. En sık görülen klinik belirti duysal semptomlar olup, hastaların %48,5’inde izlendi. Hastaların %27,9’unda en az bir otoantikor pozitifliği saptandı ve en sık pozitif bulunan otoantikor ANA (%11,8) oldu. Otoantikor pozitifliği kadınlarda anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p=0,017) ve bu grupta eşlik eden otoimmün hastalık öyküsü daha sık izlendi (p=0,047). Klinik form, başlangıç semptomu, EDSS skoru, MRG lezyon dağılımları ve beyin omurilik sıvısı bulguları açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p>0,05). Sonuç MS hastalarının önemli bir kısmında otoantikor pozitifliği saptanmış olup, bu durum özellikle kadın cinsiyet ve eşlik eden otoimmün hastalık varlığıyla ilişkili görünmektedir. Otoantikor pozitifliği klinik fenotip veya hastalık şiddeti üzerinde belirleyici olmamakla birlikte, sistemik otoimmün yatkınlığın bir göstergesi olabilir. Bu bulgular, otoantikorların MS patogenezindeki rolünü ortaya koymak için daha geniş ve prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir.

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Cite This Article

Öcek, L., Kırdı, İ. E., Bektaş, E. G., Eşkut, N., Köşkderelioğlu, A., Ortan, P. (2026). Multiple Sclerosis and Autoantibody Positivity: Diagnostic Value and Clinical Implications. Eskisehir Medical Journal, Volume: 7 Issue: 2. https://ajindex.com/articles/1614205

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