Journals / Eskisehir Medical Journal / 2026 / Volume: 7 Issue: 2

A comparison of early umbilical artery blood gas measurement outcomes in fetuses born at term vaginally and by elective cesarean section

Termde vajinal doğum ve elektif sezaryenle doğan fetüslerde erken umbilikal arter kan gazı ölçüm sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması

Ramazan Bülbül(Aksaray eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi)0000-0003-3321-3718
Ahmet Ilker Eryılmaz(AKSARAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0009-0003-0125-6331
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-05-31
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Further larger multicenter studies involving more participants are needed to clarify the relationship between fetal umbilical cord arterial blood gases and mode of delivery.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: Umbilical cord blood analysis is used to assess fetal oxygenation and acid–base status.
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: This retrospective cohort study included women with term pregnancies admitted for vaginal delivery (n=100) or planned cesarean section (n=100) at the Aksaray University Medical Faculty Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between January and December 2024.
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Conclusion & Impact:Further larger multicenter studies involving more participants are needed to clarify the relationship between fetal umbilical cord arterial blood gases and mode of delivery.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2024 Verileri
⚙️Variables:cesarean delivery · umbilical cord blood · vaginal delivery

Abstract

Introduction: Umbilical cord blood analysis is used to assess fetal oxygenation and acid–base status. This study aims to compare the early umbilical artery blood gas measurement results of fetuses delivered by term vaginal birth and elective cesarean section. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included women with term pregnancies admitted for vaginal delivery (n=100) or planned cesarean section (n=100) at the Aksaray University Medical Faculty Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between January and December 2024. Results: No significant difference was found between the vaginal and cesarean delivery groups in terms of age, smoking status, education level, numbers of pregnancies and miscarriages, gestational age at delivery, fetal sex, birth weight, or baby length. However, significant differences were observed in APGAR scores at the first [7.2±0.5 for vaginal delivery vs 6.9±0.7 for cesarean section, p<0.001] and fifth [8.9±0.6 vs 8.7±0.5, p<0.001] minutes. Significant differences were also determined between the vaginal and cesarean delivery groups in terms of pH (7.28±0.19 vs 7.30±0.1, respectively, p=0.009), pCO2 (18.08±4.07 vs 20.53±3.44, p=0.010), pO2 (18.08±4.07 vs 20.53±3.44, p<0.001), sO2 (97.17±3.04 vs 93.09±4.25, p<0.001), base deficit (3.41±1.03 vs 2.33±0.61, p<0.001), HCO3 (20.69±4.25 vs 23.17±6.56, p=0.011), lactate (1.54±0.42 vs 1.20±0.44, p<0.001), hemoglobin (15.70±2.83 vs 14.57±2.03, p<0.001), hematocrit (49.76±5.41 vs 44.85±5.10, p<0.001), potassium (3.91±0.21 vs 3.71±0.26, p<0.001), and glucose (6.47±0.97 vs 4.15±1.13, p<0.001) levels. Conclusion: The study findings show that umbilical cord arterial blood gas parameters vary significantly according to the method of delivery. Further larger multicenter studies involving more participants are needed to clarify the relationship between fetal umbilical cord arterial blood gases and mode of delivery.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışma, termde vajinal doğum ve elektif sezaryenle doğurtulan fetüslerin erken umbilikal arter kan gazı ölçüm sonuçlarını karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif kohort çalışmaya, Ocak–Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında Aksaray Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı’nda vajinal doğum için yatırılan (n=100) veya planlı sezaryen yapılan (n=100) term gebelikli kadınlar dahil edilmiştir. Bulgular: Yaş, sigara kullanımı, eğitim düzeyi, gebelik ve düşük sayıları, doğumdaki gebelik haftası, fetal cinsiyet, doğum ağırlığı ve bebek boyu açısından vajinal ve sezaryen doğum grupları arasında anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır. Ancak birinci dakikadaki APGAR skorları [vajinal doğum için 7.2±0.5, sezaryen için 6.9±0.7, p<0.001] ve beşinci dakikadaki APGAR skorları [8.9±0.6 vs 8.7±0.5, p<0.001] açısından anlamlı farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca vajinal ve sezaryen doğum grupları arasında pH (7.28±0.19 vs 7.30±0.1, p=0.009), pCO2 (18.08±4.07 vs 20.53±3.44, p=0.010), pO2 (18.08±4.07 vs 20.53±3.44, p<0.001), sO2 (97.17±3.04 vs 93.09±4.25, p<0.001), baz açığı (3.41±1.03 vs 2.33±0.61, p<0.001), HCO3 (20.69±4.25 vs 23.17±6.56, p=0.011), laktat (1.54±0.42 vs 1.20±0.44, p<0.001), hemoglobin (15.70±2.83 vs 14.57±2.03, p<0.001), hematokrit (49.76±5.41 vs 44.85±5.10, p<0.001), potasyum (3.91±0.21 vs 3.71±0.26, p<0.001) ve glukoz (6.47±0.97 vs 4.15±1.13, p<0.001) düzeyleri açısından da anlamlı farklar belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışma bulguları, umbilikal kord arter kan gazı parametrelerinin doğum yöntemine göre anlamlı şekilde değiştiğini göstermektedir. Fetal umbilikal kord arter kan gazları ile doğum şekli arasındaki ilişkiyi netleştirmek için daha fazla katılımcının dahil edildiği ilave çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

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Cite This Article

Bülbül, R., Eryılmaz, A. I. (2026). A comparison of early umbilical artery blood gas measurement outcomes in fetuses born at term vaginally and by elective cesarean section. Eskisehir Medical Journal, Volume: 7 Issue: 2. https://ajindex.com/articles/1614197

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