Furthermore, we demonstrate the practical significance of the proposed concepts by developing a real-life decision-making application based on entropy measures defined over Fermatean fuzzy sets, thereby showcasing their potential in handling uncertainty and imprecision in complex problem-solving scenarios.
📌 3 Key Takeaways
🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:In this paper, we undertake a detailed study of various types of functions in Fermatean fuzzy topological spaces, namely Fermatean fuzzy $Z$-continuous, Fermatean fuzzy $Z$-irresolute, strongly Fermatean fuzzy $Z$-continuous, and perfectly Fermatean fuzzy $Z$-continuous functions.
📊
Key Findings & Data:We present rigorous definitions and characterizations of these functions, explore their interrelationships, and establish several fundamental properties supported by illustrative examples.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Furthermore, we demonstrate the practical significance of the proposed concepts by developing a real-life decision-making application based on entropy measures defined over Fermatean fuzzy sets, thereby showcasing their potential in handling uncertainty and imprecision in complex problem-solving scenarios.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Fermatean fuzzy $ Z $-continuous · Fermatean fuzzy $ Z $-irresolute · strongly Fermatean fuzzy $ Z $-continuous
Abstract
In this paper, we undertake a detailed study of various types of functions in Fermatean fuzzy topological spaces, namely Fermatean fuzzy $Z$-continuous, Fermatean fuzzy $Z$-irresolute, strongly Fermatean fuzzy $Z$-continuous, and perfectly Fermatean fuzzy $Z$-continuous functions. We present rigorous definitions and characterizations of these functions, explore their interrelationships, and establish several fundamental properties supported by illustrative examples. Furthermore, we demonstrate the practical significance of the proposed concepts by developing a real-life decision-making application based on entropy measures defined over Fermatean fuzzy sets, thereby showcasing their potential in handling uncertainty and imprecision in complex problem-solving scenarios.
Premalatha, P., A, S., A, V. (2026). $ Z $-CONTINUOUS MAPS IN FERMATEAN FUZZY TOPOLOGICAL SPACES AND ITS APPLICATION. TWMS Journal of Applied and Engineering Mathematics, Volume: 16 Issue: 7. https://ajindex.com/articles/1604214
Atanassov, K. T., (1983), Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, VII ITKR’s Session, Sofia.
Atanassov, K. T., (1986), Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Fuzzy Sets Syst. 20, pp. 87-96.
Atanassov, K. T., (1999), Intuitionistic fuzzy sets: theory and applications, Physica, Heidelberg.
Atanassov, K. T., (2012), On intuitionistic fuzzy sets theory, Springer, Berlin.
Atanassov, K. T., (2016), Review and new results on intuitionistic fuzzy sets, International Journal Bio Automation. 20, pp. S17-S26.
Chang, C. L., (1968), Fuzzy topological spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 24, pp. 182-190.
Coker, D., (1997), An introduction to intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 88, pp. 81-89.
Deivanayagi, P., Tamilselvan, S. and Vadivel, A., (2026), Weaker forms of open sets in Pythagorean fuzzy nano topological spaces and its application using entropy measure, TWMS J. App. and Eng. Math., 16 (2), pp. 281-295.
EL-Magharabi, A. I. and Mubarki, A. M., (2011), Z-open sets and Z-continuity in topological spaces, International Journal of Mathematical Archive, 2 (10), pp. 1819–1827.
Hariwan Z. Ibrahim, (2022), Fermatean fuzzy Topological Spaces, J. Appl. Math. and Informatics, 40, pp. 85-98.
Kalaiyarasan, V., Tamilselvan, S., Vadivel, A. and John Sundar, C., (2023), Normal spaces associated with fuzzy Z-open sets and its application, Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science, 29 (2), pp. 156-166.
Lellis Thivagar, M., Jafari, S., Sutha Devi, V. and Antonysamy, V., (2018), A novel approach to topology via neutrosophic sets, Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 20, pp. 86-94.
Murat Olgun, Mehmet Unver and Seyhmus Yardimci, (2019), Pythagorean fuzzy topological spaces, Complex & Intelligent Systems. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-019-0095-2.
Pankajam, V. and Kavitha, K., (2017), δ-open sets and δ- continuity in δ- topological spaces, International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2 (12), pp. 110-118.
Saha, S., (1987), Fuzzy δ-continuous mappings, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 126, pp. 130-142.
Senapati, T. and Yager, R.R., (2020), Fermatean Fuzzy Sets, Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 11, pp. 663-674.
Padma, A., Saraswathi, M., Vadivel, A. and Saravanakumar, G., (2019), New Notions of M-open Sets, Malaya Journal of Matematik, S (1), pp. 656–660.
Thangammal, R., Saraswathi, M., Vadivel, A. and John Sundar, C., (2022), Fuzzy Z-open Sets in Fuzzy Topological Spaces, Journal of Linear and Topological Algebra, 11, 01, pp. 27- 38.
Thangammal, R., Saraswathi, M., Vadivel, A., Samad Noeiaghdam, John Sundar, C., Govindan, V., Aiyared Iampan, (2022) Fuzzy Z-locally closed sets, extremally disconnected spaces, normal spaces, and their application, Advances in Fuzzy Systems, 3364170.
Vadivel, A., John Sundar, C., Kirubadevi, V. and Tamilselvan, S., (2022), More on Neutrosophic Open Sets, International Journal of Neutrosophic Science (IJNS), 18 (4), pp. 204-222.
Vadivel, A., John Sundar, C., Saraswathi, K. and Tamilselvan, S., (2022), Neutrosophic M Open Sets, International Journal of Neutrosophic Science, 19 (1), pp. 132-147.
Vadivel, A., Seenivasan, M. and John Sundar, C., (2021), An Introduction to δ-open sets in a Neutrosophic Topological Spaces, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1724, 012011.
Vadivel, A., Sagunthaladevi, V. and Priya, S. (2025), More on Open Sets in Fermatean Fuzzy Topological Spaces and its Application, J. Appl. Math. & Informatics, 43 (3), pp. 839 - 852. https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2025.839
Vadivel, A., Sagunthaladevi, V. and Priya, S., (2025), Continuous and Irresolute Maps Via δ-open Sets in Fermatean Fuzzy Topological Spaces And Application of MCDM Techniques, Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis, 32 (10s), pp. 1909-1924.
Vadivel, A., Sagunthaladevi, V. and Priya, S., (2025), Homeomorphism via δβ-open Sets in Fermatean Fuzzy Topological Spaces and Application in Entropy Measure, Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis, 32 (10s), pp. 1895-1908.
Vadivel, A., Gavaskar, G. and John Sundar, C., (2025), More on continuous and irresolute maps in Pythagorean fuzzy topological spaces, TWMS J. App. and Eng. Math., 15 (11), pp. 2697-2708.
Yager, R. R., (2013), Pythagorean membership grades in multi criteria decision making, In: Technical report MII-3301. Machine Intelligence Institute, Iona College, New Rochelle.
Yager, R. R., (2013), Pythagorean fuzzy subsets, In: Proceedings of the joint IFSA world congress NAFIPS annual meeting, pp. 57-61.
Yager, R. R., (2014), Pythagorean membership grades in multi criteria decision making, IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst. 22 (4), pp. 958-965.
Zadeh, L. A., (1965), Fuzzy sets, Inf. Control, 8, pp. 338-353.
Zadeh, L. A., (1965), Fuzzy Sets and Systems, in Proc. Symp. on Systems Theory, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, New York.