SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Kafkas Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1

Optimization of Seat Safety and Structural Design Through Finite Element Analysis

Sonlu Elemanlar Yaklaşımıyla Koltuk Güvenliğinin ve Yapısal Tasarımının Optimizasyonu

Hatice Dilaver(NİĞDE ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-4484-5297
Kamil Fatih Dilaver(NİĞDE ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-7557-9238
Pages
24–29
Publication Date
2025-07-31
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

It was determined that the maximum stress values obtained remained below the 20 kN threshold specified in the ECE R17 standard, and the findings contribute to ensuring maximum protection of modern vehicle seat systems under crash scenarios.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study demonstrates that Finite Element Analysis (FEA) can produce highly consistent and reliable results with physical crash test data for a seat design compliant with ECE R17 standards.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The strong correlation between simulation and experimental data indicates that FEA can significantly reduce the need for costly and time-consuming physical prototype testing as a structural validation tool.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:It was determined that the maximum stress values obtained remained below the 20 kN threshold specified in the ECE R17 standard, and the findings contribute to ensuring maximum protection of modern vehicle seat systems under crash scenarios.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Sonlu Elemanlar Analizi (FEA) · Koltuk Tasarımı · Güvenlik Optimizasyonu

Abstract

This study demonstrates that Finite Element Analysis (FEA) can produce highly consistent and reliable results with physical crash test data for a seat design compliant with ECE R17 standards. The strong correlation between simulation and experimental data indicates that FEA can significantly reduce the need for costly and time-consuming physical prototype testing as a structural validation tool. Utilizing FEA in the early stages of the product development process enables the optimization of seat designs to enhance passenger safety and meet industry regulations. The study also emphasizes the importance of engineering simulation techniques in improving design efficiency, minimizing material waste, and developing innovative safety solutions. It was determined that the maximum stress values obtained remained below the 20 kN threshold specified in the ECE R17 standard, and the findings contribute to ensuring maximum protection of modern vehicle seat systems under crash scenarios.

Özet

Bu çalışma, sonlu elemanlar analizinin (FEA) fiziksel çarpışma testleriyle ECE R17 standartlarına uyumlu bir koltuk tasarımı için büyük ölçüde örtüşen güvenilir sonuçlar üretebildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Simülasyon ve deneysel veriler arasındaki güçlü korelasyon, FEA’nın yapısal doğrulama aracı olarak maliyetli ve zaman alıcı prototip testlerinin yerini önemli ölçüde alabileceğini göstermektedir. Analizin ürün geliştirme sürecinin erken aşamalarında kullanılması, koltuk tasarımlarının optimize edilerek yolcu güvenliğinin artırılmasını ve endüstri standartlarının karşılanmasını mümkün kılmaktadır. Çalışma ayrıca, mühendislik simülasyon tekniklerinin tasarım verimliliğini yükseltme, malzeme israfını azaltma ve yenilikçi güvenlik çözümleri geliştirme açısından önemini vurgulamaktadır. Elde edilen maksimum gerilme değerlerinin ECE R17 standardındaki 20 kN sınırının altında kaldığı belirlenmiş olup, araştırma bulguları modern araç koltuklarının çarpışma senaryolarında maksimum koruma sağlamasına katkıda bulunmaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Dilaver, H., Dilaver, K. F. (2025). Optimization of Seat Safety and Structural Design Through Finite Element Analysis. Kafkas Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 24–29. https://doi.org/10.58688/kujs.1633186

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (17)

  1. Bois P. D., Chou C. C., Fileta B. B., Khalil B. T., King I. A., Mahmood F. H., Mertz J. H. and Wismans J., Vehicle crashworthiness and occupant protection. American Iron and Steel Institute Publications, Southfield, Michigan, (2004).
  2. Budynas R. G., and Nispett J. K, Shingley’s Mechanical Engineering Design, 11th Ed. McGraw-Hill Education, NY, USA, (2020).
  3. ECE R17, Motor vehicles seats, seat fittings and headrest locations, Ankara, Turkey (2002). (ör. 64 km/s test hızı, 20 ms çarpışma süresi)
  4. Eraslan M., Cibelek N., and Polat E., Bus Seat Development, 7th Automotive Technologies Congress, Bursa, Turkey, (2014).161-169,
  5. Fang H., Rais-Rohani M., Liu Z. and Horstemeyer F. M., A comparative study of metamodeling methods for multiobjective crashworthiness optimization, Computers&Structures 83, (2005) 2121–2136.
  6. Fang H., Solanki K. and Horstemeyer F. M., Numerical simulations of multiple vehicle crashes and multidisciplinary crashworthiness optimization, International Journal of Crashworthiness, 10, (2), (2005).161-172.
  7. Hamza K., Hossoy I, Reyes-Luna J. F., and Papalambros P. Y., Combined maximization of interior comfort and frontal crashworthiness in preliminary vehicle design, International Journal of Vehicle Design, 35, (3), (2004) 167-185.
  8. Hou S., Liu T., Dong D., and Han X., Factor screening and multivariable crashworthiness optimization for vehicle side impact by factorial design. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 49, (1), (2014) 147–167.
  9. Kim E., Fard M., and Kato K. A., seated human model for predicting the coupled human-seat transmissibility exposed to fore---26-- aft whole-body vibration, Applied Ergonomics, 84, 102929, (2020) 1-9
  10. Özlü Ö., (2016). Taşıtlarda kullanılan koltukların dinamik çarpışma simülasyonuyla tasarımı ve optimizasyonu. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sakarya.
  11. Pahl G., Beitz W., Feldhusen J., and Grote K. H, Engineering Design a Systematic Approach, Springer-Verlag, London, (2007).
  12. Pedersen C. B. W., Crashworthiness design of transient frame structures using topology optimization, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg. 193 (2004) 653–678.
  13. Pickett K. A., Pyttel T., Payen F., Lauro N., Petrinic N., Werner H., and Christlein F., Failure prediction for advanced --25-- crashworthiness of transportation vehicles. International Journal of Impact Engineering 30, (2004) 853–872.
  14. Sun G., Li G., Zhou S., Li H., Hou S., and Li Q., Crashworthiness design of vehicle by using multiobjective robust optimization, Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, (44),1,99-110, (2011).
  15. Topcu M., and Tasgetiren S., Finite Element Method for Engineers, University of Pamukkale Press, no:7, Denizli (1998).
  16. Yildiz R. A, and Solanki N. K., Multi-objective optimization of vehicle crashworthiness using a new particle swarm-based approach, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 59 (2012) 367–376.
  17. Youn B. D., Choi K. K., Yang R. J., and Gu L., Reliability-based design optimization for crashworthiness of vehicle side impact, Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 26, (2004) 272–283.