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Journals / Türk Bilim ve Mühendislik Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Nanopore Technology: Single-Molecule Analysis and Applications of Organic Molecules

Nanopore Teknolojisi: Organik Moleküllerin Tek Moleküler Analizi ve Uygulamaları

Öznur Ölmez Nalcıoğlu(GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-9813-1572
Pages
60–76
Publication Date
2026-06-29
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The application potential of biological nanopores in various fields, including the environment, food, agriculture, security, pharmacology, medicine, and public health, has been highlighted through selected examples.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Detecting single molecules is a crucial focus across many scientific fields, including chemistry, biology, biochemistry, medicine, genetics, engineering, and materials science.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Nanopore technology is a new and powerful tool for identifying individual molecules with ultra-high sensitivity, speed, and affordability via molecular-sized pores.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The application potential of biological nanopores in various fields, including the environment, food, agriculture, security, pharmacology, medicine, and public health, has been highlighted through selected examples.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Biyolojik nanopore · ilaç güvenliği · nanoplastik

Abstract

Detecting single molecules is a crucial focus across many scientific fields, including chemistry, biology, biochemistry, medicine, genetics, engineering, and materials science. Nanopore technology is a new and powerful tool for identifying individual molecules with ultra-high sensitivity, speed, and affordability via molecular-sized pores. Biological nanopores offer potential for the recognition and differentiation of ions, nucleic acids, DNA, RNA, peptides, proteins, biomolecular complexes, drugs, polymers, macromolecules, and organic molecules. DNA sequencing can now be performed quickly and with ultra-high sensitivity outside the laboratory using portable devices roughly the size of a cellphone. Recently, nanopore technology has gained prominence as a valuable method for directly detecting harmful molecules in water, soil, and food that pose health and environmental risks. This method stands out among alternatives for its high sensitivity, low cost, label-free detection, applicability to real samples, and ease of use. This review covers the fundamentals of nanopore technology, its historical development, applications, and current research on single-molecule analysis of organic molecules. Using biological nanopores, research examples focus on detecting organic compounds that pose threats to public health and the environment today, such as nanoplastics, PFAS compounds, pesticides, antibiotics, and critical substances like TNT and cocaine, which are of particular interest to law enforcement. The application potential of biological nanopores in various fields, including the environment, food, agriculture, security, pharmacology, medicine, and public health, has been highlighted through selected examples.

Özet

Tek moleküllerin algılanması, kimya, biyoloji, biyokimya, tıp, genetik, mühendislik, malzeme bilimi gibi birçok bilim alanında önemli bir araştırma odağıdır. Nanopore teknolojisi, moleküler boyutlu gözenek vasıtasıyla tek moleküllerin ultra hassasiyetle, hızlı ve uygun bir şekilde algılanmasında kullanılan yeni ve güçlü bir araçtır. Biyolojik nanoporlar iyonların, nükleik asitlerin, DNA'nın, RNA'nın, peptitlerin, proteinlerin, biyomoleküler komplekslerin, ilaçların, polimerlerin, makro moleküllerin ve organik moleküllerin tanımlanması ve ayırt edilmesinde potansiyel sunar. Cep telefonu boyutunda taşınabilir cihazlarla DNA dizilemesi artık laboratuvar dışında da hızlı ve ultra hassasiyetle yapılabilmektedir. Son yıllarda, nanopore teknolojisi; sağlığa ve çevreye zararlı moleküllerin su, toprak ve gıdalarda doğrudan tespit edilmesinde etkili bir yöntem olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu yöntem yüksek hassasiyetli, ucuz, etiketsiz tespit imkânı, gerçek örneklerle çalışılabilme, hızlı ve kolay uygulanabilir yapısıyla alternatif yöntemler arasında öne çıkmaktadır. Bu derlemede, nanopore teknolojinin temelleri, tarihsel gelişimi, uygulama alanları ve organik moleküllerin tek moleküler analizine yönelik güncel çalışmalar ele alınmıştır. Biyolojik nanoporlar kullanılarak, günümüzde halk sağlığını ve çevreyi tehdit eden nanoplastikler, PFAS bileşikleri, pestisitler, antibiyotikler ile kolluk kuvvetleri açısından kritik öneme sahip TNT, kokain gibi organik bileşiklerin algılanmasına yönelik araştırma örneklerine yer verilmiştir. Seçilmiş örnekler aracılığıyla biyolojik nanoporların çevre, gıda, tarım, güvenlik, farmakoloji, tıp ve halk sağlığı gibi geniş bir yelpazede uygulama potansiyeli vurgulanmıştır.

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Cite This Article

Nalcıoğlu, Ö. Ö. (2026). Nanopore Technology: Single-Molecule Analysis and Applications of Organic Molecules. Türk Bilim ve Mühendislik Dergisi, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 60–76. https://doi.org/10.55979/tjse.1814212

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