Journals / Medical Records / 2026 / Sayı: 1

Prevalence and Sonographic Features of Incidental Thyroid Nodules in Maxillofacial Radiology: An EU-TIRADS-Based Risk Assessment

Maksillofasiyal Radyolojide İnsidental Tiroid Nodüllerinin Prevalansı ve Sonografik Özellikleri: EU-TIRADS Tabanlı Bir Risk Değerlendirmesi

Elif Çelebi(Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi)0000-0001-7823-9562
Nilüfer Gürsoy(BAHÇEŞEHİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-5056-7679
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-02-28
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

With a 28.8% prevalence of incidental thyroid nodules, early detection through such opportunistic screening may facilitate timely management of suspicious lesions.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Aim: Incidental thyroid nodules (ITNs) are frequently discovered during imaging for non-thyroid-related reasons, with ultrasonography (US) serving as a key tool for their detection and risk assessment.
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Key Findings & Data:Results: A total of 170 patients aged between 17 and 72 years (mean age: 29.35 years) were evaluated.
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Conclusion & Impact:With a 28.8% prevalence of incidental thyroid nodules, early detection through such opportunistic screening may facilitate timely management of suspicious lesions.
🔬Design:Klinik Araştırma
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:tiroid nodülü · ultrasonografi · ince iğne aspirasyon biyopsisi

Abstract

Aim: Incidental thyroid nodules (ITNs) are frequently discovered during imaging for non-thyroid-related reasons, with ultrasonography (US) serving as a key tool for their detection and risk assessment. This study aims to determine the prevalence and sonographic characteristics of ITNs in patients undergoing head and neck ultrasonography for non-thyroidal indications at a maxillofacial radiology clinic, using the European Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (EU-TIRADS) for risk stratification. Material and Methods: Patients referred for head and neck ultrasonography for indications unrelated to thyroid pathology were included in this study. Patients with known thyroid disease, palpable thyroid masses, prior thyroid surgery, or head and neck radiotherapy were excluded. Thyroid nodule characteristics, including size, composition, echogenicity, margin, shape, and vascularity, were evaluated. Risk stratification was performed using the EU-TIRADS system, and nodules with suspicious features were referred for further evaluation, including fine-needle aspiration cytology. Results: A total of 170 patients aged between 17 and 72 years (mean age: 29.35 years) were evaluated. Incidental thyroid nodules were identified in 49 patients (28.8%). Nodules were present in 24.29% of males (n=70) and 32% of females (n=100). Among the patients with nodules, 3 patients (6.12%) were diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and 13 patients (7.7%) were referred for endocrinology consultation due to thyroiditis, hypoplasia, or hyperplasia. Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of opportunistic thyroid evaluation in patients undergoing head and neck ultrasonography for non-thyroidal reasons. With a 28.8% prevalence of incidental thyroid nodules, early detection through such opportunistic screening may facilitate timely management of suspicious lesions.

Özet

Amaç: İnsidental tiroid nodülleri (İTN'ler), sıklıkla tiroid dışı nedenlerle yapılan görüntülemeler sırasında tesadüfen saptanmaktadır. Ultrasonografi (US), bu nodüllerin tespiti ve risk değerlendirmesinde temel bir araçtır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, maksillofasiyal radyoloji kliniğinde tiroid dışı endikasyonlarla baş ve boyun ultrasonografisi yapılan hastalarda İTN'lerin prevalansını ve sonografik özelliklerini belirlemek ve risk sınıflandırması için Avrupa Tiroid Görüntüleme Raporlama ve Veri Sistemi'ni (EU-TIRADS) kullanmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tiroid patolojisi ile ilişkili olmayan endikasyonlarla baş ve boyun ultrasonografisine yönlendirilen hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bilinen tiroid hastalığı, palpabl tiroid kitlesi, geçirilmiş tiroid cerrahisi veya baş ve boyun radyoterapisi öyküsü olan hastalar çalışmadan dışlandı. Tiroid nodüllerinin boyut, kompozisyon, ekojenite, kenar, şekil ve vaskülarite gibi özellikleri değerlendirildi. Risk sınıflandırması EU-TIRADS sistemi kullanılarak yapıldı ve şüpheli özellik gösteren nodüller ileri değerlendirme için, ince iğne aspirasyon biyopsisi dahil olmak üzere, ilgili birimlere yönlendirildi. Bulgular: Toplam 170 hasta (yaş aralığı: 17–72, ortalama yaş: 29,35) değerlendirildi. İnsidental tiroid nodülü 49 hastada (%28,8) saptandı. Nodüller erkek hastaların %24,29'unda (n=70) ve kadın hastaların %32'sinde (n=100) tespit edildi. Nodül saptanan hastalar arasında 3 hastada (%6,12) papiller tiroid karsinomu (PTK) tanısı konuldu ve 13 hasta (%7,7) tiroidit, hipoplazi veya hiperplazi nedeniyle endokrinoloji konsultasyonuna yönlendirildi. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, maksillofasiyal nedenlerle baş ve boyun ultrasonografisi yapılan hastalarda fırsatçı tiroid değerlendirmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. İnsidental tiroid nodüllerinin %28,8'lik prevalansı, şüpheli lezyonların erken tespiti açısından tiroid değerlendirmesinin değerini ortaya koymaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Çelebi, E., Gürsoy, N., Ayyıldız, V. A., Ünsal, G. (2026). Prevalence and Sonographic Features of Incidental Thyroid Nodules in Maxillofacial Radiology: An EU-TIRADS-Based Risk Assessment. Medical Records, Sayı: 1. https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.1714089

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