Journals / Journal of Advanced Education Studies / 2026 / Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

CHALLENGES OF THE DIGITAL ERA IN GEORGIAN SCHOOLS: ASPECTS OF EDUCATION, SECURITY, AND LEGAL REGULATION

GÜRCİSTAN OKULLARINDA DİJİTAL ÇAĞIN ZORLUKLARI: EĞİTİM, GÜVENLİK VE YASAL DÜZENLEME BOYUTLARI

Ketevan Kukhianidze(Akaki Tsereteli State University)0009-0007-9455-6809
Nino Kitoshvili(Alterbridge University)0009-0008-9837-6693
Pages
170–185
Publication Date
2026-05-25
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The findings reveal that digital inequality in Georgia has evolved into a multidimensional phenomenon, encompassing infrastructure quality, regional imbalances, and a "second-level digital divide" related to the quality of technology use.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The integration of digital technologies in the global educational space has sparked a fundamental transformation, a process accelerated in Georgia by the COVID-19 pandemic.
📊
Key Findings & Data:While technological progress is evident, this study identifies a critical "digital divide" that persists despite high rates of general internet access.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The findings reveal that digital inequality in Georgia has evolved into a multidimensional phenomenon, encompassing infrastructure quality, regional imbalances, and a "second-level digital divide" related to the quality of technology use.
🔬Design:Teorik Makale
📍Scope:2019 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Siber zorbalık · Kişisel Verilerin Korunması · Dijital Hijyen

Abstract

The integration of digital technologies in the global educational space has sparked a fundamental transformation, a process accelerated in Georgia by the COVID-19 pandemic. While technological progress is evident, this study identifies a critical "digital divide" that persists despite high rates of general internet access. Based on a mixed-methodological approach - including normative act analysis, secondary data evaluation (Geostat, UNICEF, UNESCO), and qualitative systemic assessment- the paper analyzes the current state of digital education in Georgia's public schools. The findings reveal that digital inequality in Georgia has evolved into a multidimensional phenomenon, encompassing infrastructure quality, regional imbalances, and a "second-level digital divide" related to the quality of technology use. A significant legal vacuum is identified: current legislation, including the Law on General Education and the Law on Personal Data Protection, lacks specific regulations for digital learning environments and the certification of educational platforms. Furthermore, the study highlights a critical deficit in the digital competencies of educators, which hinders the safe management of virtual classrooms. The research concludes that technical equipment alone is insufficient for educational equity. It emphasizes the urgent need for a policy-based digital citizenship education framework and a modernized legal structure aligned with international standards (Council of Europe, 2019). The study provides strategic recommendations for policymakers to harmonize national legislation, bridge regional infrastructure gaps, and integrate "digital hygiene" into the national curriculum to ensure the psychological well-being and security of students in the digital age.

Özet

Küresel eğitim alanında dijital teknolojilerin entegrasyonu, Gürcistan'da COVID-19 pandemisiyle hız kazanan temel bir dönüşümü tetiklemiştir. Teknolojik ilerleme belirgin olsa da, bu çalışma genel internet erişim oranlarının yüksekliğine rağmen devam eden kritik bir "dijital uçurumu" tanımlamaktadır. Normatif düzenleme analizi, ikincil veri değerlendirmesi (Geostat, UNICEF, UNESCO) ve nitel sistemik değerlendirmeyi içeren karma metodolojik bir yaklaşıma dayanan bu makale, Gürcistan'daki devlet okullarında dijital eğitimin mevcut durumunu analiz etmektedir. Bulgular, Gürcistan'daki dijital eşitsizliğin; altyapı kalitesi, bölgesel dengesizlikler ve teknoloji kullanım kalitesiyle ilgili "ikinci düzey dijital uçurumu" kapsayan çok boyutlu bir fenomene dönüştüğünü ortaya koymaktadır. Mevcut mevzuatta, Genel Eğitim Kanunu ve Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Kanunu dahil olmak üzere, dijital öğrenme ortamları ve eğitim platformlarının sertifikalandırılmasına yönelik spesifik düzenlemelerin eksikliği nedeniyle önemli bir yasal boşluk tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma, eğitimcilerin dijital yetkinliklerindeki kritik eksikliğin sanal sınıfların güvenli yönetimini engellediğini vurgulamaktadır. Araştırma, teknik donanımın tek başına eğitimde fırsat eşitliği için yetersiz olduğu sonucuna varmaktadır. Politika temelli bir dijital vatandaşlık eğitimi çerçevesine ve uluslararası standartlarla (Avrupa Konseyi, 2019) uyumlu modernize edilmiş bir yasal yapıya olan acil ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır. Çalışma, politika yapıcılara ulusal mevzuatı harmonize etmek, bölgesel altyapı açıklarını kapatmak ve dijital çağda öğrencilerin psikolojik refahını ve güvenliğini sağlamak için "dijital hijyeni" ulusal müfredata entegre etmek üzere stratejik öneriler sunmaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Kukhianidze, K., Kitoshvili, N. (2026). CHALLENGES OF THE DIGITAL ERA IN GEORGIAN SCHOOLS: ASPECTS OF EDUCATION, SECURITY, AND LEGAL REGULATION. Journal of Advanced Education Studies, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 170–185. https://doi.org/10.48166/ejaes.1934187

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (18)

  1. Bubb, S., & Jones, M. A. (2023). Professional development and digital transformation in education. Educational Review, 75(2), 145–162.
  2. Council of Europe. (2019). Guidelines to respect, protect and fulfil the rights of the child in the digital environment. Council of Europe Publishing.
  3. European Commission. (2019). DigCompEdu: European framework for the digital competence of educators. Publications Office of the European Union.
  4. European Commission. (2020). Digital education action plan 2021–2027: Resetting education and training for the digital age. European Commission.
  5. Geostat. (2024). Information and communication technologies usage in households. National Statistics Office of Georgia.
  6. Livingstone, S., & Stoilova, M. (2021). The 4Cs: Classifying online risk to children. Journal of Children and Media, 15(3), 322–343.
  7. OECD. (2021). 21st-century readers: Developing literacy skills in a digital world. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/a83d84cb-en
  8. Pangrazio, L., & Selwyn, N. (2024). Digital childhoods: Datafication, platforms, and education. Routledge.
  9. Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2019). Cyberbullying prevention and response: Expert perspectives. Routledge.
  10. Ragnedda, M., & Ruiu, M. L. (2023). Digital capital: A Bourdieusian perspective on the digital divide. Emerald Publishing.
  11. Ribble, M. (2015). Digital citizenship in schools (3rd ed.). International Society for Technology in Education.
  12. UNESCO. (2020). Global education monitoring report 2020: Inclusion and education – All means all. UNESCO Publishing.
  13. UNESCO. (2021a). Education in a post-COVID world: Nine ideas for public action. UNESCO Publishing.
  14. UNESCO. (2021b). Reimagining our futures together: A new social contract for education. UNESCO Publishing.
  15. UNICEF. (2017). The state of the world’s children 2017: Children in a digital world. UNICEF.
  16. UNICEF. (2021). Remote learning and digital access in Georgia. UNICEF Georgia.
  17. UNICEF. (2023). Children and digital inequality in Georgia. UNICEF Georgia.
  18. van Dijk, J. (2020). The digital divide. Polity Press.