Journals / BELGİ DERGİSİ / 2020 / Cilt: 2 - Sayı: 19

TURKEY’S CHANGING FOREIGN POLICY DURING 1930S: IN LIGHT OF U.S. STATE DEPARTMENT ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS TURKEY’S ATTEMPTS TO BALANCE GERMANY’S ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL

1930’LU YILLARDA TÜRK DIŞ POLİTİKASINDAKİ DEĞİŞİM: AMERİKAN DIŞİŞLERİ BELGELERİNDE TÜRKİYE’NİN ALMAN EKONOMİK VE SİYASİ BASKISINI DENGELEME GİRİŞİMLERİ

Pages
1860–1883
DOI
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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In addition, in the light of archival documents the paper examines Germany’s responses to Turkish changing policies, AngloTurkish Declaration and the economic perspective of the Triple Alliance.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:In this article Turkey’s foreign policy in the 1930’s is examined in the light of U.S.
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Key Findings & Data:Following a parallel line with Turkish foreign policy, by 1930’s, Turkish foreign trade policies shifted to a more balancing manner towards Germany, from a German dominated model.
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Conclusion & Impact:In addition, in the light of archival documents the paper examines Germany’s responses to Turkish changing policies, AngloTurkish Declaration and the economic perspective of the Triple Alliance.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

In this article Turkey’s foreign policy in the 1930’s is examined in the light of U.S. State Department documents. Following a parallel line with Turkish foreign policy, by 1930’s, Turkish foreign trade policies shifted to a more balancing manner towards Germany, from a German dominated model. This new perspective on Turkish economic policies suggested undermining the German impact on Turkish economy. While Italy’s occupation of Ethiopia in 1936 triggered the change in political economy, Germany’s invasion of Austria in 1938 and Czechoslovakia in 1939 made Turkey approach Anglo-French Alliance and shift Ankara from a isolationist line to a more proactive one. Within this period, Turkey did not get any tangible result from its search of economic assistance from USA. However United Kingdom, provided credits to Turkey since one of the main pillars of its foreign policy was undermining German impact on Turkey and in a broader scale in the whole region. Thusly the Anglo-Turkish Declaration was declared in 12th of May 1939 which suggested defensive cooperation between United Kingdom and Turkey and this process ended up with the Turkey’s taking part of Turkish-Anglo-French Triple Alliance in 19th of October 1939. In addition, in the light of archival documents the paper examines Germany’s responses to Turkish changing policies, AngloTurkish Declaration and the economic perspective of the Triple Alliance.

Özet

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin 1930’lu yıllardaki dış politikası, Amerikan Dışişleri belgeleri ışığında incelenmiştir. Ankara’nın dış politikası ile paralel bir seyir izleyen dış ekonomik ilişkilerinde 1930’lu yılların ikinci yarısından itibaren Almanya’ya ağırlık veren bir modelden daha dengeli bir modele doğru bir değişimin yaşandığı görülmektedir. Söz konusu değişimin Türk ekonomisi üzerindeki Alman etkisinin azaltılması yönünde gerçekleştiği, İtalya’nın 1936 yılında Etiyopya’yı işgaliyle Türkiye’nin politikalarında değişimin başladığı, Almanya’nın 1938 yılında Avusturya’yı, 1939 yılında Çekoslovakya’yı işgaliye Ankara’nın İngiliz-Fransız ittifakına yaklaştığı görülmektedir. Bu süreçte Türkiye, ABD’ye yönelik ekonomik destek taleplerinden herhangi bir sonuç alamasa da İngiltere’nin Türk ekonomisine yönelik kredi tahsis etmek suretiyle Alman etkisinin kırılmasına destek verdiği görülmektedir. Nitekim Türkiye-İngiltere arasında savunma konusunda iş birliğini öngören Türkİngiliz Deklarasyonu 12 Mayıs 1939 tarihinde yayımlanmış ve Türkiye, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın başlangıcından önce 19 Ekim 1939 tarihinde İngiltere’nin başı çektiği Türk İngiliz-Fransız Üçlü İttifakı’na dâhil olmuştur. Çalışmada Almanya’nın Türkiye’nin politika değişikliklerine ilişkin hamleleri ve Türkiye’nin yer aldığı Üçlü İttifak Antlaşması’nın ekonomik boyutu mevcut literatüre ve Amerikan arşiv belgelerine dayanarak ele alınmıştır.

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Cite This Article

SIVIŞ, E. (2020). TURKEY’S CHANGING FOREIGN POLICY DURING 1930S: IN LIGHT OF U.S. STATE DEPARTMENT ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS TURKEY’S ATTEMPTS TO BALANCE GERMANY’S ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL. BELGİ DERGİSİ, Cilt: 2 - Sayı: 19, 1860–1883. https://ajindex.com/articles/144250

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References (4)

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