AI Summary & Key Takeaways
AI InsightPrevention of low vitamin D levels in individuals with this known genetic marker may help to avert the development of heart diseases in Pakistan.
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Abstract
Background &Aims To analyze the association of CYP24A1 gene polymorphism with vitamin D deficiency and its related cardiovascular disorders in the Pakistani population. Materials and Methods The present prospective cohort study was carried out at KRL and Rawalpindi General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 110 subjects suffering from heart diseases like hypertension, myocardial infarction, or congestive cardiac failure (age range 12-90 years) were enrolled in this study with informed consent. Sampling was done by non-probability convenience sampling. Blood 24Hydroxyvitmin D levels were assessed in the participants by using an electrochemiluminescence system. Genetic polymorphism in the CYP24A1 gene was screened in selected patients (n=15) through PCR-RFLP, after genomic DNA extraction from the whole blood. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 for Mac. Fisher’s exact test and chi-square tests were applied for qualitative variables. The risk of polymorphism in CYP24A1(SNP rs6013897) genotypes TT, AT, and AA was determined by calculating the odds ratio and confidence interval. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results We observed the highest level of vitamin D deficiency in patients of age group 18-45 years and insufficiency in age group 50-60years. A greater percentage of female patients (34.19%) were deficient in Vitamin D as compared to males (25.72%). Vitamin D deficiency was found to be associated with cardiovascular diseases like hypertension (P=0.000*), myocardial infarction(P=0.334), and heart failure (0.001*). CYP24A1 (SNP rs6013897) was significantly associated (P=0.000*) with vitamin D deficiency and heart diseases (P=0.004*). Moreover, significant polymorphism of genotype AT was observed in our subjects. {P=0.007*, Cramer’s V =.003 and 95% CI (0.44-17.27)} Conclusion There is an association of CYP24A1 gene polymorphism with vitamin D deficiency and heart diseases. Prevention of low vitamin D levels in individuals with this known genetic marker may help to avert the development of heart diseases in Pakistan.