SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Newborn Convulsions

Yenidoğan Konvülsiyonları

Arzu Yılmaz(Ankara Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi Pediatri Kliniği Pediatrik Nöroloji, Ankara, Türkiye)
Hatice Tatar Aksoy(Ankara Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi Pediatri Kliniği Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi, Ankara, Türkiye)
Doğuş Vurallı(Ankara Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi Pediatri Kliniği Pediatrik Endokrinoloji, Ankara, Türkiye)
Pages
39–47
Publication Date
2015-01-01
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

History, clinical examination, laboratory workout, neuro-physiologic and neuro-radiologic investigations should be performed for the exact diagnosis.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Convulsions in the neonatal period are defined as medical emergency.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Etiology of the convulsion varies.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:History, clinical examination, laboratory workout, neuro-physiologic and neuro-radiologic investigations should be performed for the exact diagnosis.
🔬Design:Makale
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Konvülsiyon · neonatal dönem · Convulsion

Abstract

Convulsions in the neonatal period are defined as medical emergency. Etiology of the convulsion varies. History, clinical examination, laboratory workout, neuro-physiologic and neuro-radiologic investigations should be performed for the exact diagnosis.

Özet

Neonatal dönemdeki konvülsiyonlar medikal acil durumdur. Etyoloji çeşitlidir. Doğru tanı için hikâye, klinik muayene, laboratuar çalışması, nörofizyolojik ve nöroradyolojik değerlendirmeler gereklidir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Yılmaz, A., Aksoy, H. T., Vurallı, D. (2015). Newborn Convulsions. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 39–47. https://ajindex.com/articles/1420433

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (109)

  1. Volpe JJ. Neonatal seizures. In: Neurology of the newborn. Philadelphia: WB Saunders 2008; 203-37.
  2. Malone A, Boylan GB, Ryan A, Connolly S. Ability of medical personnel to accurately differentiate neonatal seizures from non-seizure move- ments. Clin Neurophysiol 2006;117: 1-3.
  3. Rennie JM, Boylan GB. Seizure disorders of the neonate. In: Levene MI, Chervenak FA, editors. Fetal and neonatal neurology and neurosurgery. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier 2009;698-710.
  4. Saliba R, Annegars FJ, Waller DK, et al. Incidence of neonatal seizures in Haris County, Texas, 1992e1994. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:763-9.
  5. Ronen GM, Penney S, Andrews W. The epidemiology of clinical neo- natal seizures in Newfoundland: a population-based study. J Pediatr
  6. Glass HC, Pham TN, Danielsen B, Towner D, Glidden D, Wu YW. Antena- tal and intrapartum risk factors for seizures in term newborns: a popula- tion-based study, California 1998e2002. J Pediatr 2009;154:24-28.
  7. Hall DA, Wadwa RP, Goldenberg NA, Norris JM. Maternal risk factors for term neonatal seizures: population-based study in Colorado, 1989- 2003. J Child Neurol 2006;21:795;154:24-28.
  8. Kohelet D, Shochat R, Lusky A, et al. Risk factors for neonatal seizures in very lowbirthweight infants: population-based survey. J Child Neurol 2004;19:123-8.
  9. Kohelet D, Shochat R, Lusky A, et al. Risk factors for seizures in very low birthweight infants with periventricular leukomalacia. J Child Neurol 2006;21:965-70.
  10. Glass HC, Sullivan JE. Neonatal seizures. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2009;11:405-13.
  11. Clancy RR. Summary proceedings from the neurology group on neonatal seizures. Pediatrics 2006;117:23-7.
  12. Silverstein FS, Jensen FE, Inder T, Hellstrom-Westas L, Hirtz D, Fer- riero DM. Improving the treatment of neonatal seizures: National Insti- tute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke workshop report. J Pediatr 2008;153:12-5
  13. Evans D, Levene M. Neonatal seizures. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1998;78:70-5.
  14. Clancy RR, Legido A, Lewis D. Occult neonatal seizures. Epilepsia 1988;29:256-61.
  15. Hellström-Westas L, Rosen I, de Vries LS, Greisen G. Amplitude-integ- rated EEG classification and interpretation in preterm and term infants. NeoReviews 2006;7:76-87.
  16. Hellström-Westas L, de Vries LS, Rosen I. An atlas of amplitude-integra- ted EEGs in the newborn. London: Informa Healthcare; 2008.
  17. Leijser LM, de Vries LS, Cowan FM. Using cerebral ultrasound effectively in the newborn infant. Early Hum Dev 2006;82:827-35.
  18. Govaert P, Smith L, Dudink J. Diagnostic management of neonatal stro- ke. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2009;14:323-8.
  19. Glass HC, Bonifacio SL, Sullivan J, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound injury in preterm infants with seizures. J Child Neurol 2009;24:1105-11
  20. Tekgul H, Gauvreau K, Soul J, et al. The current etiologic profile and neurodevelopmental outcome of seizures in term newborn infants. Pedi- atrics 2006;117:1270-80.
  21. Estan J, Hope P. Unilateral neonatal cerebral infarction in full term infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1997;76:F88-93.
  22. LeveneMI, Trounce JQ. Cause of neonatal convulsions. Arch Dis Child 1986;61:78-9.
  23. Wusthoff CJ, Dlugos DJ, Gutierrez-Colina A, et al. Electrographic se- izures during therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. J Child Neurol 2011;26:724-8.
  24. Glass HC, Glidden D, Jeremy RJ, Barkovich AJ, Ferreira DM, Miller SP. Clinical neonatal seizures are independently associated with outcome in infants at risk for hypoxiceischemic brain injury. J Pediatr 2009;155:318- 23.
  25. Wyatt JS, Gluckman PD, Liu PY, et al. Determinants of outcomes after head cooling for neonatal encephalopathy. Pediatrics 2007;119:912-21.
  26. Filan P, Boylan G, Chorley G, et al. The relationship between the onset of electrographic seizure activity after birth and the time of cerebral injury in utero. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2005;112:504-7.
  27. Low E, Boylan GB, Mathieson SR, et al. Cooling and seizure burden in term neonates: an observational study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2012;97:267-72.
  28. Estan J, Hope P. Unilateral neonatal cerebral infarction in full term infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1997;76:-88-93.
  29. Lee J, Croen LA, Backstrand KH, et al. Maternal and infant chara- cteristics associated with perinatal arterial stroke in the infant. JAMA 2005;293:723-9
  30. Sheth RD, Hobbs GR, Mullett M. Neonatal seizures: incidence, onset and aetiology by gestational age. J Perinatol 1999;19:40-3.
  31. Whitby EH, Griffiths PD, Rutter S, et al. Frequency and natural history of subdural haemorrhages in babies and relation to obstetric factors. Lancet 2003;362:846-51.
  32. Jensen FE. Neonatal seizures: an update on mechanisms and manage- ment. Clin Perinatol 2009;36:881.
  33. Barkovich AJ, Guerrini R, Kuzniecky RI, Jackson GD, Dobyns WB. A developmental and genetic classification for malformations of cortical development: update 2012. Brain 2012;135(Pt 5):1348-69.
  34. Van Hove JLK, Lohr NJ. Metabolic and monogenic causes of seizures in neonates and young infants. Mol Genet Metab 2011;104:214-30.
  35. Baxter P. Pyridoxine-dependent and pyridoxine-responsive seizures. Dev Med Child Neurol 2001;43:416-20.
  36. Baxter P. Epidemiology of pyridoxine dependent and pyridoxine responsi- ve seizures in the UK. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:431-3.
  37. Mills PB, Struys E, Jakobs C, et al. Mutations in antiquitin in individuals with pyridoxine-dependent seizures. Nature Med 2006;12:307-9.
  38. Been JV, Bok LA, Willemsen MAAP, Struys EA, Jakobs C. Mutations in the aldh7a1 gene cause pyridoxine-dependent seizures. Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr [online] 2008;66(2A):288-9.
  39. Scher MS, Bergman I, Ahdab-Barmada M, Fria T. Neurophysiological and anatomical correlations in neonatal nonketotic hyperglycinemia. Neuro- pediatrics 1986;17:137-43.
  40. Wolf NI, Bast T, Surtees R. Epilepsy in inborn errors of metabolism. Epi- leptic Disord 2005;7:67-81.
  41. Plouin P. Benign idiopathic neonatal convulsions (familial and non-fa- milial). In: Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, Genton P, editors. Epileptic sy- ndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence. 2nd ed. London: John Libbey; 1992. 3-11.
  42. Dehan M, Gabilan JC, Navelet Y, D’Allest AM. Fifth day fits. Arch Dis Child 1982;57:400-1.
  43. North KN, Storey GN, Henderson-Smart DJ. Fifth day fits in the newborn. Aust Paediatr J 1989;25:284-7.
  44. Bellini G, Miceli F, Soldovieri MV, Miraglia del Giudice E, Pascotto A, Taglialatela M. Benign familial neonatal seizures. 2010 Apr 27 [Upda- ted 2011 Aug 4]. In: Pagon RA, Bird TD, Dolan CR, Stephens K, edi- tors. GeneReviews_ [Internet]. Seattle, WA: University of Washington 1993;1993-2010.
  45. Yamamoto H, Okumura A, Fukuda M. Epilepsies and epilepsy syndromes starting in the neonatal period. Brain Dev 2011;33:213-20.
  46. Tharp BR. Neonatal seizures and syndromes. Epilepsia 2002;43:2-10.
  47. Yamatogi Y, Ohtahara S. Early-infantile epileptic encephalopathy with suppression-burst, Ohtahara syndrome; its overview referring to our 16 cases. Brain Dev 2002;24:13-23.
  48. Zelson C, Rubio E, Wasserman E. Neonatal narcotic addiction: 10 year observation. Pediatrics 1971;48:178-89.
  49. Booth D, Evans DJ. Anticonvulsants for neonates with seizures. Cochra- neDatabase Syst Rev 2004;4:4218.
  50. Evans DJ, Levene MI, Tsakmakis M. Anticonvulsants for preventing mortality and morbidity in full term newborns with perinatal asphyxia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;3:1240.
  51. Bittigau P, Sifringer M, Genz K, et al. Antiepileptic drugs and apopto- tic neurodegeneration in the developing brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002;99:15089-94.
  52. Painter MJ, Scher MS, Stein AD, et al. Phenobarbital compared with phenytoin for the treatment of neonatal seizures. N Engl J Med 1999;341:485-9.
  53. Bartha AI, Shen J, Katz KH, et al. Neonatal seizures: multicenter varia- bility in current treatment Carmo KB, Barr P. Drug treatment of neonatal seizures by neonatologists and paediatric neurologists. J Paediatr Child Health 2005;41:313-6.
  54. Glier C, Dzietko M, Bittigau P, Jarosz B, Korobowicz E, Ikonomidou C. Therapeutic doses of topiramate are not toxic to the developing rat brain. Exp Neurol 2004;187:403-9.
  55. Van den Broek MP, Groenendaal F, Toet MC, et al. Pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of phenobarbital in asphyxiated newborns treated with hypothermia: a thermopharmacological approach. Clin Pharmacokinet 2012;51:671-9.
  56. Sarkar S, Barks JD, Bapuraj JR, et al. Does phenobarbital improve the ef- fectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy? J Perinatol 2012;32:15-20.
  57. Castro Jr C, Hernandez Borges AA, Domenech ME, Gonzalez CC, Perera SR. Midazolam in neonatal seizures with no response to phenobarbital. Neurology 2005;64:876-9.
  58. Boylan GB, Rennie JM, Chorley G, et al. Second-line anticonvulsant tre- atment of neonatal seizures: a video-EEG monitoring study. Neurology 2004;62:486-8.
  59. Shany E, Benzaqen O, Watemberg N. Comparison of continuous drip of midazolam or lidocaine in the treatment of intractable neonatal seizures. J Child Neurol 2007;22:255-9.
  60. Yamamoto H, Aihara M, Niijima S, Yamanouchi H. Treatments with midazolam and lidocaine for status epilepticus in neonates. Brain Dev 2007;29:559-64.
  61. Hellstrom-Westas L, Svenningsen NW, Westgren U, Rosen I, Lagerstrom PO. Lidocaine for treatment of severe seizures in newborn infants. II. Blood concentrations of lidocaine and metabolites during intravenous infusion. Acta Paediatr 1992;81:35-9.
  62. Malingre MM, van Rooij LG, Rademaker CM, et al. Development of an optimal lidocaine infusion strategy for neonatal seizures. Eur J Pediatr 2006;165:598-604.
  63. Radvanyi-Bouvet MF, Torricelli A, Rey E, Bavoux F, Walti H. Effects of lidocaine on seizures in the neonatal period: some electro-clinical as- pects. In: Wasterlain CG, Vert P, editors. Neonatal seizures. New York: Raven Press 1990; 275-83.
  64. Rey E, Radvanyi-Bouvet MF, Bodiou C, et al. Intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of convulsions in the neonatal period: monitoring plasma levels. Ther Drug Monit 1990;12:316-20.
  65. Vento M, de Vries LS, Alberola A, et al. Approach to seizures in the neo- natal period: a European perspective. Acta Paediatr 2010;99:497-501.
  66. van Rooij LG, Toet MC, Rademaker KM, Groenendaal F, de Vries LS. Cardiac arrhythmias in neonates receiving lidocaine as anticonvulsive treatment. Eur J Pediatr 2004;163:637-41.
  67. Van den Broek MP, Huitema AD, van Hasselt JG, et al. Lidocaine (ligno- caine) dosing regimen based upon a population pharmacokinetic mo- del for preterm and term neonates with seizures. Clin Pharmacokinet 2011;50:461-9.
  68. Miller SP, Weiss J, Barnwell A, et al. Seizure-associated brain injury in term newborns with perinatal asphyxia. Neurology 2002;58:542-8.
  69. Davis AS, Hintz SR, Van Meurs KP, et al. Seizures in extremely low birth weight infants are associated with adverse outcome. J Pediatr 2010;157:720-5.
  70. Glass HC, Kan J, Bonifacio SL, Ferriero DM. Neonatal seizures: treatment practices among term and preterm infants. Pediatr Neurol 2012;46:111- 5.
  71. Aranda JV, Turmen T, Sasyniuk BI. Pharmacokinetics of diuretics and methylxanthines in the baby. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1980;18:55-63.
  72. Ward A, Heel RC. Bumetanide: a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use. Drugs 1984;28:426- 64.
  73. Ben Ari Y, Holmes GL. Effects of seizures on developmental processes in the immature brain. Lancet Neurol 2006;5:1055-63.
  74. Ben-Ari Y, Gaiarsa JL, Tyzio R, Khazipov RGABA. a pioneer transmitter that excites immature neurons and generates primitive oscillations. Phy- siol Rev 2007;87:1215-84.
  75. Dzhala VI, Talos DM, Sdrulla DA, et al. NKCC1 transporter facilitates se- izures in the developing brain. Nat Med 2005;11:1205-13.
  76. Glykys J, Dzhala VI, Kuchibhotla KV, et al. Differences in cortical versus subcortical GABAergic signaling: a candidate mechanism of electroclini- cal uncoupling of neonatal seizures. Neuron 2009;63:657-72.
  77. Dzhala VI, Brumback AC, Staley KJ. Bumetanide enhances phenobarbital efficacy in a neonatal seizure model. Ann Neurol 2008;63:222-35.
  78. Sipilä ST, Schuchmann S, Voipio J, Yamada J, Kaila K. The cation-ch- loride cotransporter NKCC1 promotes sharp waves in the neonatal rat hippocampus. J Physiol 2006;573:765-73.
  79. Rheims S, Minlebaev M, Ivanov A, et al. Excitatory GABA in rodent deve- loping neocortex in vitro. J Neurophysiol 2008;100:609-19.
  80. Ben-Ari Y, Khalilov I, Kahle KT, Cherubini E. The GABA excitatory/inhibi- tory shift in brain maturation and neurological disorders. Neuroscientist 2012;18:467-86.
  81. Brodie MJ, Perucca E, Ryvlin P, Ben-Menachem E, Meencke HJ., Leve- tiracetam Monotherapy Study Group. Comparison of levetiracetam and controlledrelease carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Neuro- logy 2007;68: 402-8.
  82. Ben-Menachem E, Falter U. Efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam 3000 mg/d in patients with refractory partial seizures: a multicenter, double-blind, responder-selected study evaluating monotherapy. Euro- pean Levetiracetam Study Group. Epilepsia 2000;41:1276-83.
  83. Noachtar S, Andermann E, Meyvisch P, Andermann F, Gough WB, Schie- mann- Delgado J., N166 Levetiracetam Study Group. Levetiracetam for the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsy with myoclonic seizures. Neurology 2008;70:607-16.
  84. Berkovic SF, Knowlton RC, Leroy RF, Schiemann J, Falter U., Levetirace- tam N01057 Study Group. Placebo-controlled study of levetiracetam in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Neurology 2007;69:1751-60.
  85. Glauser TA, Ayala R, Elterman RD, et al., N159 Study Group. Doub- le-blind placebo-controlled trial of adjunctive levetiracetam in pediatric partial seizures. Neurology 2006;66:1654-60.
  86. Lynch BA, Lambeng N, Nocka K, et al. The synaptic vesicle protein SV2A is the binding site for the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:9861-6.
  87. Margineanu DG, Klitgaard H. Inhibition of neuronal hypersynchrony in vitro differentiates levetiracetam from classical antiepileptic drugs. Phar- macol Res 2000;42:281-5.
  88. Klitgaard H, Matagne A, Gobert J, Wulfert E. Evidence for a unique profile of levetiracetam in rodent models of seizures and epilepsy. Eur J Phar- macol 1998;353:191-206.
  89. Shank RP, Gardocki JF, Streeter AJ, Maryanoff BE. An overview of the preclinical aspects of topiramate: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and mechanism of action. Epilepsia 2000;41: 3-9.
  90. Rakhade SN, Zhou C, Aujla PK, Fishman R, Sucher NJ, Jensen FE. Early alterations of AMPA receptors mediate synaptic potentiation induced by neonatal seizures. J Neurosci 2008;28:7979-90.
  91. Koh S, Jensen FE. Topiramate blocks perinatal hypoxia-induced seizures in rat pups. Ann Neurol 2001;50:366-72.
  92. Cha BH, Silveira DC, Liu X, Hu Y, Holmes GL. Effect of topiramate fol- lowing recurrent and prolonged seizures during early development. Epi- lepsy Res 2002;51:217-32.
  93. Kaminski RM, Banerjee M, Rogawski MA. Topiramate selectively prote- cts against seizures induced by ATPA, a GluR5 kainate receptor agonist. Neuropharmacology 2004;46:1097-104.
  94. Koh S, Tibayan FD, Simpson JN, Jensen FE. NBQX or topiramate treat- ment after perinatal hypoxia-induced seizures prevents later increases in seizureinduced neuronal injury. Epilepsia 2004;45:569-75.
  95. Kudin AP, Debska-Vielhaber G, Vielhaber S, Elger CE, Kunz WS. The mec- hanism of neuroprotection by topiramate in an animal model of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2004;45:1478-87.
  96. Liu Y, Barks JD, Xu G, Silverstein FS. Topiramate extends the therapeutic window for hypothermia-mediated neuroprotection after stroke in neo- natal rats. Stroke 2004;35:1460-5.
  97. Schubert S, Brandl U, Brodhun M, Ulrich C, Spaltmann J, Fiedler N, Ba- uer R. Neuroprotective effects of topiramate after hypoxiaeischemia in newborn piglets. Brain Res 2005;1058:129-36.
  98. Zhao Q, Hu Y, Holmes GL. Effect of topiramate on cognitive function and activity level following neonatal seizures. Epilepsy Behav 2005;6:529- 36.
  99. Lee SR, Kim SP, Kim JE. Protective effect of topiramate against hippo- campal neuronal damage after global ischemia in the gerbils. Neurosci Lett 2000;281: 183-6.
  100. Edmonds Jr HL, Jiang YD, Zhang PY, Shank R. Topiramate as a neuropro- tectant in a rat model of global ischemia-induced neurodegeneration. Life Sci 2001;69:2265-77.
  101. Follett PL, Deng W, Dai W, et al. Glutamate receptor-mediated oligodend- rocyte toxicity in periventricular leukomalacia: a protective role for topi- ramate. J Neurosci 2004;24:4412-20.
  102. Angehagen M, Ronnback L, Hansson E, Ben-Menachem E. Topiramate reduces AMPA-induced Ca (2+) transients and inhibits GluR1 subu- nit phosphorylation in astrocytes from primary cultures. J Neurochem 2005;94:1124-30.
  103. Zona C, Ciotti MT, Avoli M. Topiramate attenuates voltage-gated sodium currents in rat cerebellar granule cells. Neurosci Lett 1997;231:123-6.
  104. Costa C, Martella G, Picconi B, et al. Multiple mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of antiepileptic drugs against in vitro ische- mia. Stroke 2006;37:1319-26.
  105. Lee S, Sziklas V, Andermann F, et al. The effects of adjunctive topiramate on cognitive function in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2003;44:339- 47.
  106. Szaflarski JP, Allendorfer JB. Topiramate and its effect on fMRI of langu- age in patientswith right or left temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav
  107. Witt JA, Elger CE, Helmstaedter C. Impaired verbal fluency under topi- ramate evidence for synergistic negative effects of epilepsy, topiramate, and polytherapy. Eur J Neurol 2013;20:130-7.
  108. Yasuda CL, Centeno M, Vollmar C, et al. The effect of topiramate on cognitive fMRI. Epilepsy Res 2013 Jan 17.
  109. Rihtman T, Parush S, Ornoy A. Preliminary findings of the developmental effects of in utero exposure to topiramate. Reprod Toxicol 2012;34:308- 11.