SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Geosound / 2025 / Sayı: 61

New Approach for Classification of Rock Masses According to Weathering and its Application

Kaya Kütlelerinin Ayrışmaya Göre Sınıflandırılmasında Yeni Yaklaşım ve Uygulaması

Samet Berber(BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, JEOLOJİ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, UYGULAMALI JEOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI)0000-0002-8747-9346
Nurcihan Ceryan(BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BALIKESİR MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU)0000-0002-1657-1102
Şener Ceryan(BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, JEOLOJİ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0002-1927-6985
Journal
Geosound
Pages
51–72
Publication Date
2025-06-23
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this study, it was observed that there was a significant statistical relationship between the Rock Mass Weathering Score (Wres) obtained and the Geological Strength Index (GSI), uniaxial, compressive strength (σcm) and deformation modulus (Em), and that GSI, σcm and Em could be estimated reliably using Wres.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Identification and classification of weathered rocks are necessary to estimate their engineering properties.
📊
Key Findings & Data:In this study, the parameters used in the interaction matrix established to define and grade the weathering state of rock masses are; rock material weathering state (P1), rock and soil ratio (P2), weathering state of discontinuity surface (P3), preservation of rock mass structure (P4), discontinuity frequency (P5) and weathering depth of discontinuity surface material (P6).
💡
Conclusion & Impact:In this study, it was observed that there was a significant statistical relationship between the Rock Mass Weathering Score (Wres) obtained and the Geological Strength Index (GSI), uniaxial, compressive strength (σcm) and deformation modulus (Em), and that GSI, σcm and Em could be estimated reliably using Wres.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Ayrışma sınıflandırması · Kaya Kütlesi · Kaya Mühendislik Sistemi

Abstract

Identification and classification of weathered rocks are necessary to estimate their engineering properties. Weathering classifications of rock masses are divided into two categories: qualitative classifications and numerical classifications. In qualitative classifications, numerical relationships cannot be established between weathering degrees and engineering properties of rocks. In this study, a new numerical approach was proposed to determine the weathering degree of rock masses. Rock Engineering System (RES) was used to create this new approach. RES is based on the creation of an interaction matrix that shows the interaction of the parameters affecting the natural system. In this study, the parameters used in the interaction matrix established to define and grade the weathering state of rock masses are; rock material weathering state (P1), rock and soil ratio (P2), weathering state of discontinuity surface (P3), preservation of rock mass structure (P4), discontinuity frequency (P5) and weathering depth of discontinuity surface material (P6). The weight factor was obtained as 2.8368 for P1, 2.2855 for P2, 2.7356 for P3, 1.497 for P4, 3.4042 for P5 and 1.1032 for P6. In this study, the weathering classification developed for rock masses was applied to volcanic rocks exposed in the Gümüşhane-Giresun road excavations. In this study, it was observed that there was a significant statistical relationship between the Rock Mass Weathering Score (Wres) obtained and the Geological Strength Index (GSI), uniaxial, compressive strength (σcm) and deformation modulus (Em), and that GSI, σcm and Em could be estimated reliably using Wres.

Özet

Ayrışmış kayaçların tanımlanması ve sınıflandırılması, mühendislik özelliklerini tahmin etmek için gereklidir. Kaya kütlesinin ayrışma sınıflandırmaları niteliksel sınıflandırmalar ve sayısal sınıflandırmalar olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Niteliksel sınıflandırmalarda ayrışma dereceleri ile kayaçların mühendislik özellikleri arasında sayısal ilişkiler kurulamamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kaya kütlelerinin ayrışma derecesini belirlemek için yeni bir sayısal yaklaşım önerildi. Bu yeni yaklaşımı oluşturmak için Kaya Mühendislik Sistemi (RES) kullanılmıştır. RES doğal sistemi etkileyen parametrelerin karşılıklı etkileşimini gösteren etkileşim matrisinin oluşturulması esasına dayanır. Bu çalışmada kaya kütlelerinin ayrışma durumunu tanımlamak ve derecelendirmek için kurulan etkileşim matrisinde kullanılan parametreler; kaya malzemesi ayrışma durumu (P1), kaya ve toprağın oranı (P2), süreksizlik yüzeyinin ayrışma durumu (P3), kaya kütlesi yapısının korunması (P4), süreksizlik sıklığı (P5) ve süreksizlik yüzey malzemesinin ayrışma derinliğidir (P6). Ağırlık faktörü P1 için 2.8368, P2 için 2.2855, P3 için 2.7356, P4 için 1.497, P5 için 3.4042 ve P6 için 1.1032 olarak elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada kaya kütleleri için geliştirilen ayrışmaya sınıflandırılması Gümüşhane-Giresun yolu kazılarında yüzeylenen volkanik kayaçlara uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen Kaya Kütle Ayrışma Puanı (Wres) ile Jeolojik Dayanım İndeksi (GSI), tek eksenli, basınç dayanımı (σcm) ve deformasyon modülü (Em) arasında anlamlı istatiksel ilişki olduğu ve Wres kullanılarak GSI, σcm ve Em’nin güvenilirlikle tahmin edilebileceği görülmüştür.

🔖

Cite This Article

Berber, S., Ceryan, N., Ceryan, Ş. (2025). New Approach for Classification of Rock Masses According to Weathering and its Application. Geosound, Sayı: 61, 51–72. https://doi.org/10.70054/geosound.1594479

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (20)

  1. Ahmad, M., Tang, X., Ahmad, F., Hadzima-Nyarko, M., Nawaz, A., & Farooq, A., 2021. Elucidation of seismic soil liquefaction significant factors. In Earthquakes-From Tectonics to Buildings. IntechOpen
  2. Ceryan, S., Tudes, S. and Ceryan N., 2008. A new quantitative weathering classification for igneous rocks, Environmental Geology, 55, 1319-1336
  3. Ceryan, N. and Ceryan, S., 2008. An application of interaction matrix method for slope failure susceptibility zoning: Dogankent settlement area (Giresun, NE Turkey), Bulletin of Engineering Geology and Environment, 67,375-385
  4. Ceryan, N., 2010. Relationships between Excavatability of Rocks and GSI: An Example Study from the Rock Masses Exposed Along Gumushane-Giresun (NE Turkey) Motonvay. 9th International Congress on Advances in Civil Engineering, 27-30 September 2010 Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey, p.1-6
  5. Ceryan, S., 2012. Weathering Indices for Assessment of Weathering Effect and Classification of Weathered Rocks: A Case Study from NE Turkey. Earth Sciences (Editor: Imran A. Dar), ISBN 978-953-307-861-8, InTech Publication, p.19-44
  6. Ceryan, S., Berber, S., Ceryan N., 2016. The Effects of Weathering State on the Shear Strength of Discontinuity A Case Study on the Weathered Granitic Rock Joints NE Turkey.2nd International Conference on Engineering and Natural Sciences, 9, 2353-2362
  7. Ceryan, N., Özkat, E. C., Korkmaz, C. N., Ceryan, S., 2021.Machine learning models to estimate the elastic modulus of weathered magmatic rocks.Environmental Earth Sciences(80), 1-24
  8. Faramarzi, F., Mansouri, H., & Farsangi, M. E., 2013. A rock engineering systems based model to predict rock fragmentation by blasting. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 60, 82-94
  9. Fattahi, H., & Ghaedi, H., 2024. Improving Accuracy in Shallow Foundation Settlement Prediction Using Rock Engineering System Method. Indian Geotechnical Journal, 1-13
  10. Gokceoglu, C., Aksoy. H., 2000. New approaches to the characterization of clay-bearing, densely jointed and weak rock masses”. Engineering Geology, 58, 1-23
  11. Golmohammadi, S., & Bidgoli, M. N., 2024. Development of Rock Engineering System-Based Models for Tunneling Progress Analysis and Evaluation: Case Study of Tailrace Tunnel of Azad Power Plant Project. International Journal of Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 18(2), 47-52
  12. Hoek, E., Carranza-Tore. C. and Corkum. B., 2002. Hoek-Brown failure criterion -2002 Edition”. In: Proceedings of the Fifth North American Rock Mechanics Symposium, Vol 1, Toronto, Canada, pp 267–273
  13. Huang, R., Huang, J., Ju, N., & Li, Y., 2013. Automated tunnel rock classification using rock engineering systems. Engineering geology, 156, 20-27
  14. Hudson, J.A., 1992. Rock engineering systems: theory and practice. Ellis Horwood, Chichester
  15. IAEG, 1995. The description and classification of weathered for engineering purposes” Geological Society Engineering Group Working, Party Report. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology, 28, 207-242.
  16. Koca, M. Y., Kıncal, C., 2016. The relationships between the rock material properties and weathering grades of andesitic rocks around A degrees zmir, Turkey Bulletın Of Engıneerıng Geology And The Envıronment, cilt.75, sa.2, ss.709-734
  17. Little, A.L., 1969. The engineering classification of residual tropical soils, Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Soil Mech. and Found. Engr., Mexico, Vol. I, 1-10.
  18. Price, D. G., 1995. Weathering and Weathering Processes”, Quarterly Journal Engineering Geology, 28, 234-252
  19. Rafiee, R., Ataei, M., KhaloKakaie, R., Jalali, S. E., & Sereshki, F., 2016. A fuzzy rock engineering system to assess rock mass cavability in block caving mines. Neural Computing and Applications, 27, 2083-2094
  20. Vianello, D., Vagnon, F., Bonetto, S., & Mosca, P., 2023. Debris flow susceptibility mapping using the Rock Engineering System (RES) method: a case study. Landslides, 20(4), 735-756