Journals / Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 59 Sayı: 2

Interobserver Agreement Between Orthopedic Surgeons and Radiologists in Cobb Angle Measurement on Plain Radiographs in Patients with Scoliosis

SKolyoz Tanısı Olan Hastalarda Direkt Grafi Üzerinden Cobb Açısı Ölçümünde Ortopedi ve Radyoloji Hekimleri Arası Uyumun Değerlendirilmesi

Habip Eser Akkaya(Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi)0000-0002-8447-3627
Mithat Temizer(MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-6059-8380
Ömer Koçak(Pursaklar State Hospital)0000-0003-4275-8429
Dorukan İnanç Akpınar(Ankara Training and Research Hospital)0009-0005-9845-5357
Mustafa Mert Terzi(Ankara Training and Research Hospital)0000-0001-8978-5358
Muhammed Semih Gedik(KAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-3854-4794
Erhan Kaya(KAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-7458-3024
Pages
75–78
Publication Date
2026-09-04
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Overall internal consistency was low, with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.301.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate interobserver agreement in Cobb angle measurements on plain radiographs of patients with scoliosis and to compare measurement consistency between orthopedic surgeons and radiologists, as well as across different levels of experience and gender groups.
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Key Findings & Data:Materials and Methods: In the study, 55 physicians (specialists and residents) independently performed measurements on three anonymized scoliosis radiographs representing different curve severities using the standard Cobb method.
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Conclusion & Impact:Overall internal consistency was low, with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.301.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Cobb açısı · Gözlemciler arası değişkenlik · Radyografi

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate interobserver agreement in Cobb angle measurements on plain radiographs of patients with scoliosis and to compare measurement consistency between orthopedic surgeons and radiologists, as well as across different levels of experience and gender groups. Materials and Methods: In the study, 55 physicians (specialists and residents) independently performed measurements on three anonymized scoliosis radiographs representing different curve severities using the standard Cobb method. A total of 165 measurements were obtained. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 31 software. Interobserver agreement was evaluated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. A two-way random-effects model and a consistency approach were applied in the analyses, and the level of significance was set at p 0.05). Overall internal consistency was low, with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.301. The ICC value for single measurements was 0.126 (95% CI: -0.094–0.569), and the ICC value for average measurements was 0.301, indicating weak interobserver agreement. Weak positive correlations were identified between measurements obtained from different cases. Conclusion: Interobserver agreement in Cobb angle measurements was found to be low. Measurement variability may arise not only from observer-related factors but also from inherent limitations of the method. These findings emphasize the need for standardized measurement protocols in clinical practice and suggest that digital tools and artificial intelligence–assisted methods may improve measurement reliability.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, skolyozlu hastaların direkt grafilerinde yapılan Cobb açısı ölçümlerindeki gözlemciler arası uyumu değerlendirmek ve ölçüm tutarlılığını ortopedi uzmanları ile radyologlar arasında, ayrıca deneyim düzeyi ve cinsiyet gruplarına göre karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada uzman ve asistan doktorlardan oluşan 55 hekim, farklı eğrilik şiddetlerini temsil eden anonimleştirilmiş üç skolyoz grafisi üzerinde standart Cobb yöntemi kullanarak bağımsız ölçümler gerçekleştirdi. Toplam 165 ölçüm elde edildi. İstatistiksel analizler IBM SPSS Statistics sürüm 31 yazılımı kullanılarak yapıldı. Gözlemciler arası uyum Sınıf İçi Korelasyon Katsayısı (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC) ile, iç tutarlılık ise Cronbach alfa katsayısı ile değerlendirildi. Analizlerde iki yönlü rastgele etkiler modeli ve tutarlılık yaklaşımı kullanıldı; istatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p 0,05). Genel iç tutarlılık düşük olup Cronbach alfa değeri 0,301 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Tekli ölçümler için ICC değeri 0,126 (%95 GA: -0,094–0,569), ortalama ölçümler için ICC değeri ise 0,301 olarak bulunmuş ve bu sonuçlar zayıf gözlemciler arası uyuma işaret etmiştir. Ayrıca farklı olgulardan elde edilen ölçümler arasında zayıf pozitif korelasyonlar saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Cobb açısı ölçümlerinde gözlemciler arası uyumun düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Ölçüm değişkenliği yalnızca gözlemciye bağlı faktörlerden değil, aynı zamanda yöntemin doğasında bulunan sınırlılıklardan da kaynaklanabilir. Bu bulgular, klinik uygulamada standartlaştırılmış ölçüm protokollerinin gerekliliğini vurgulamakta ve dijital araçlar ile yapay zekâ destekli yöntemlerin ölçüm güvenilirliğini artırabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

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Cite This Article

Akkaya, H. E., Temizer, M., Koçak, Ö., Akpınar, D. İ., Terzi, M. M., Gedik, M. S., Kaya, E. (2026). Interobserver Agreement Between Orthopedic Surgeons and Radiologists in Cobb Angle Measurement on Plain Radiographs in Patients with Scoliosis. Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 59 Sayı: 2, 75–78. https://doi.org/10.20492/aeahtd.1948768

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