SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Sinop Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Isolation and Identification of Some Culturable Bacteria from the Hemolymph of Honey Bees ($Apis$ $mellifera$ L.) in Sinop Region, Türkiye

Türkiye Sinop Bölgesi'nde Bal Arılarının ($Apis$ $mellifera$ L.) Hemolenfinden Kültüre Edilebilir Bazı Bakterilerin İzole Edilmesi ve Tanımlanması

Tuğba Sağlam Güvendik(ISPARTA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES)0000-0003-1654-2261
Mustafa Yaman(BOLU ABANT IZZET BAYSAL UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-5656-7266
Pages
378–387
Publication Date
2026-06-26
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolated bacterial species were determined as: $Enterobacter$ $hormaechei$, $Serratia$ sp., $Lysinibacillus$ sp., $Citrobacter$ $freundi$I,$ Klebsiella$ sp., $Bacillus$ $toyonensis$, $Rummeliibacillus$ $stabekisii$ and $Enterobacter$ sp.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The Sinop region has the potential to serve as an important source of honeybee genetic resources.
📊
Key Findings & Data:However, Sinop province has 27.347 beehives, produces 160 tons of honey, and according to 2025 data, Sinop ranks 67th in honey production in Türkiye.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolated bacterial species were determined as: $Enterobacter$ $hormaechei$, $Serratia$ sp., $Lysinibacillus$ sp., $Citrobacter$ $freundi$I,$ Klebsiella$ sp., $Bacillus$ $toyonensis$, $Rummeliibacillus$ $stabekisii$ and $Enterobacter$ sp.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2025 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Apis mellifera · kültüre edilebilir bakteriler · bal arısı

Abstract

The Sinop region has the potential to serve as an important source of honeybee genetic resources. However, Sinop province has 27.347 beehives, produces 160 tons of honey, and according to 2025 data, Sinop ranks 67th in honey production in Türkiye. Diseases in bee colonies are one of the most critical factors affecting honey production. Maintaining the hemolymph microbiome is crucial for improving bee health and impacting colony development positively. In this study, the hemolymph bacterial microbiome of honey bees in Sinop province was targeted and characterized using phylogenetic analysis. According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolated bacterial species were determined as: $Enterobacter$ $hormaechei$, $Serratia$ sp., $Lysinibacillus$ sp., $Citrobacter$ $freundi$I,$ Klebsiella$ sp., $Bacillus$ $toyonensis$, $Rummeliibacillus$ $stabekisii$ and $Enterobacter$ sp.

Özet

Arıcılık, Türkiye'de ve dünyanın birçok ülkesinde yaygın olarak yapılmakta ve ülke ekonomisine önemli katkı sağlamaktadır. Sinop, önemli bir arı genetik kaynağı olma potansiyeline sahiptir. Ancak 2025 yılı verilerine göre, Sinop ilinde 27.347 kovan bulunmaktayken, 160 ton bal üretimi ile Türkiye'de bal üretiminde 67. sırada yer almaktadır. Arı kolonilerindeki hastalıklar, bal üretimini etkileyen en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Bağırsak mikroflorasının korunması, arı sağlığını iyileştirmek ve koloni gelişimini olumlu yönde artırmak için çok önemlidir. Sinop şehir merkezi ve ilçelerini kapsayan geniş bir alandaki bal arılarının bakteriyel florası filogenetik analizlerle belirlenmiştir. 16S rRNA gen analizi sonuçlarına göre Sinop bal arılarının bakteriyel florası; $Enterobacter$ $hormaechei$, $Serratia$ $nematodiphila$, $Lysinibacillus$ sp., $Citrobacter$ $freundii$, $Klebsiella$ $oxytoca$, $Bacillus$ $toyonensis$, $Rummeliibacillus$ $stabekisii$ ve $Enterobacter$ sp. olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Sinop bölgesindeki bal arılarının bakteriyel florasının incelendiği bu çalışmada, birçok bakteriyel etkenin arıları enfekte edebildiği belirlenmiştir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Güvendik, T. S., Yaman, M. (2026). Isolation and Identification of Some Culturable Bacteria from the Hemolymph of Honey Bees ($Apis$ $mellifera$ L.) in Sinop Region, Türkiye. Sinop Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 378–387. https://doi.org/10.33484/sinopfbd.1868126

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (47)

  1. Sancak, K., Zan Sancak, A., & Aygören, E. (2013). Dünya ve Türkiye’de arıcılık. Arıcılık Araştırma Dergisi, 5(10), 7-13.
  2. Adam, B. (1983). In search of the best strains of honeybee. Northern Bee Books, West Yorkshire.
  3. Ayan, S., Ayan, Ö., Altunel, T., & Yer, E. N. (2014). Honey forests as an example of agroforestry practices in Türkiye. Forestry Ideas, 48, 141-150.
  4. Yaman, M., Sağlam, T., & Ünal, S. (2023). Prevalence of Nosemosis and Varroosis in Honeybees in Sinop Province. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 23(2), 119-125. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1367988
  5. Güler, A., Toy, H. (2008). Sinop ili Türkeli Yöresi Balarıları ($Apis$ $mellifera$ L.) Morfolojik Özellikleri. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(3), 190-197.
  6. Turkish Statistical Institute. (2025). Arıcılık istatistikleri. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Arıcılık İstatistikleri. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/aricilik/Link/2/Aricilik-Istatistikleri
  7. Şahin, S. B., & Sareyyüpoğlu, B. (2013). Bal arılarının bakteriyel hastalıkları ve hastalıkların teşhisine yönelik güncel metotlar. Veteriner Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Derneği Bülteni, 14(3), 149-161. https://doi.org/10.38137/VFTD.1392294
  8. Blow, F., & Douglas, A. E. (2019). The hemolymph microbiome of insects. Journal of Insect Physiology, 115, 33-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.04.002
  9. Chadwick, J. S. (1975). In vitro growth of bacteria in hemolymph of Galleria mellonella. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 25(3), 331-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(75)90090-7
  10. Van Herzele, C., Coppens, S., Vereecke, N., Theuns, S., de Graaf, D.C., & Nauwynck, H. (2024). New insights into honey bee viral and bacterial seasonal infection patterns using third-generation nanopore sequencing on honey bee haemolymph. Veterinary Research, 55(1), 118. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-024-01382-y
  11. Burritt, N. L., Foss, N. J., Neeno-Eckwall, E. C., Church, J. O., Hilger, A. M., Hildebrand, J. A., Warshauer, D. M., Perna, N. T., & Burritt, J. B. (2016). Sepsis and hemocyte loss in honey bees ($Apis$ $mellifera$) infected with $Serratia$ $marcescens$ strain sicaria. PloS One, 11(12), e0167752. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167752
  12. Van Herzele, C., Coppens, S., Theuns, S., De Smet, L., Van Cleemput, J., de Graaf, D. C., & Nauwynck, H. (2025). Pathogen and hemocyte dynamics in three apiaries across a bee season. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 19, 5065424.https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/5065424
  13. Poinar, G. O., & Thomas G. M. 1978. Diagnostic manual for the identification of insect pathogens. Plenum Press, New York, 218.
  14. Yaman, M., Ertürk, Ö., & Aslan, İ. (2010). Isolation of some pathogenic bacteria from the great spruce bark beetle, $Dendroctonus$ $micans$ and its specific predator, $Rhizophagus$ $grandis$. Folia Microbiologica, 55(1), 35-38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-010-0006-9
  15. Kuzina, L. V., Peloquin, J. J., Vacek, D. C., & Miller, T. A. (2001). Isolation and identification of bacteria associated with adult laboratory Mexican fruit flies, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera; Tephritidae). Current Microbiology, 42, 290–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002840110219
  16. Thiery, I, & Frachon, E. (1997). Identification, isolation, culture and preservation of enthomopathogenic bacteria: Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology (A. Lawrence and L. A. Lacey, Eds.). Academic Pres. London.
  17. Hyliš, M., Weiser, J., Oborník, M., & Vávra, J. (2005). DNA isolation from museum and type collection slides of microsporidia. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 88(3), 257–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2005.02.00440
  18. Weisburg, W. G., Barns, S. M., Pelletier, D. A., & Lane, D. J. (1991). 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. Journal of Bacteriology, 173(2), 697-703. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.173.2.697-703.1991
  19. Tutkun, E., & Boşgelmez, A. (2003). Bal arısı zararlıları ve hastalıkları teşhis ve tedavi yöntemleri. Bizim Büro Basımevi, Ankara.
  20. Uygur, Ş. Ö., & Girişgin, A. O. (2008). Bal arısı hastalık ve zararlıları. Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 8(4), 130-142. https://izlik.org/JA53KD37YW
  21. Doğaroğlu, M. (1999). Modern arıcılık teknikleri. Anadolu Matbaa ve Ambalaj San. Tic. Ltd. Şti., İstanbul.
  22. Disayathanoowat, T., Yoshıyama, M., Kımura, K., & Chantawannakul, P. (2012). Isolation and characterization of bacteria from the midgut of the Asian honey bee ($Apis$ $cerana$ indica). Journal of Apicultural Research, 51, 312-319. https://doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.51.4.04
  23. Abuldahab, F. F., Abd-ElAziz, M. F., El-Sayed, Y. A., Abdallah, M. S., & Mahmoud, S. H. (2022). Infestation of $Apis$ $mellifera$ workers and larvae with Varroa destructor affects gut bacterial diversity. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, 54(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2022.10316
  24. Moran, N. A., Hansen, A. K., Powell, J. E., & Sabree, Z. L. (2012). Distinctive gut microbiota of honey bees assessed using deep sampling from individual worker bees. PloS One, 7, e36393. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036393
  25. Corby-Harrıs, V., Maes, P., & Anderson, K. E. (2014). The bac-terial communities associated with honey bee ($Apis$ $mellifera$) foragers. Annual Review of Entomology, 49, 71-92. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095056
  26. Khan, K. A., Ansari, M. J., Al-Ghamdi, A., Nuru, A., Harakeh, S., & Iqbal, J. (2017). Investigation of gut microbial communities associated with indigenous honey bee (Apis mellifera jemenitica) from two different eco-regions of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 24(5), 1061-1068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.055
  27. Grimont, P. A., & Grimont, F. (1978). The genus $Serratia$. Annual Review of Microbiology, 32, 221–248. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.32.100178.001253
  28. Braglia, C., Alberoni, D., Garrido, P. M., Porrini, M. P., Baffoni, L., Scott, D., Eguaras, M. J., Gioia, D. D., & Mifsud, D. (2024). Vairimorpha (Nosema) ceranae can promote Serratia development in honeybee gut: an underrated threat for bees?. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 14, 1323157 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1323157
  29. Raymann, K., Coon, K. L., Shaffer, Z., Salisbury, S., & Moran, N. A. (2018). Pathogenicity of $Serratia$ $marcescens$ strains in honey bees. mBio, 9(5), 10-1128. https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.01649-18
  30. Gasper, J., Terentjeva, M., Kántor, A., Ivanišová, E., Kluz, M., & Kačániová, M. (2017). Identification of $Apis$ $mellifera$ gut microbiota with MALDI-TOF MS biotyper. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 50(1), 192-192.
  31. Tahiroğlu, V. (2024). Bacterial diseases of honeybees and biochemical tests that play a role in the diagnosis of diseases. In E. İzol & M. Turhan (Eds.), Diagnosis and treatment methods of bee diseases (pp. 65–76). Nobel Tıp Kitabevi. https://doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359159
  32. Özsahin, E., Sezen, K., Demir, I., & Demirbag, Z. (2014). Bacterial isolates from $Palomena$ $prasina$ (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) include potential microbial control agents. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 24, 1039–1051. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2014.918584
  33. Usta, M. (2021). Isolation and determination of bacterial microbiota of Varroa destructor and isolation of $Lysinibacillus$ sp. from it. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 31(1), 136. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00482-7
  34. Aguirre-Monroy, A. M., Santana-Martínez, J. C., & Dussán, J. (2019). $Lysinibacillus$ $sphaericus$ as a nutrient enhancer during fire-impacted soil replantation. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 3075153. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3075153
  35. Ahmad, V., Iqbal, A. M., Haseeb, M., & Khan, M. S. (2014). Antimicrobial potential of bacteriocin producing $Lysinibacillus$ jx416856 against foodborne bacterial and fungal pathogens, isolated from fruits and vegetable waste. Anaerob, 27, 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.04.001
  36. Niode, N. J., Adji, A., Rimbing, J., Tulung, M., & Tallei, T. E. (2021). Composition and diversity of bacteria from giant Asian honeybee $Apis$ $dorsata$ gut. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 22(2), 906-912. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220246
  37. Blot, N., Veillat, L., Rouze, ́R., & Delatte, H. (2019). Glyphosate, but not its metabolite AMPA, alters the honeybee gut microbiota. PLoS One, 14(4), e0215466. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215466
  38. Brenner, D. J., Grimont, P. A., Steigerwalt, A. G., Fanning, G. R., Ageron, E., & Riddle, C. F. (1993). Classification of $Citrobacteria$ by DNA hybridization: designation of $Citrobacter$ $farmeri$ sp. nov., $Citrobacter$ $youngae$ sp. nov., $Citrobacter$ $braakii$ sp. nov., $Citrobacter$ $werkmanii$ sp. nov., $Citrobacter $sedlakii$ sp. nov., and three unnamed $Citrobacter$ $genomospecies$. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 43(4), 645-658. https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-43-4-645
  39. Brenner, D. J, O’Hara, C.M., Grimont, P. A., Janda, J. M., Falsen, E., Aldova, E., Ageron, E., Schindler, J., Abbott, S. L., & Steigerwalt, A. G. (1999). Biochemical identification of Citrobacter species defined by DNA hybridization and description of Citrobacter gillenii sp. nov. (formerly Citrobacter genomospecies 10) and Citrobacter murliniae sp. nov. (formerly Citrobacter genomospecies 11). Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 37(8), 2619-2624. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.8.2619-2624.1999
  40. Boğ, E. Ş., Ertürk, Ö., & Yaman, M. (2020). Pathogenicity of aerobic bacteria isolated from honeybees ($Apis$ $mellifera$) in Ordu Province. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 44(3), 714-719. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1905-67
  41. Lyapunov, Y. E., Kuzyaev, R. Z., Khismatullin, R. G., & Bezgodova, O. A. (2008). Intestinal enterobacteria of the hibernating $Apis$ $mellifera$ $mellifera$ L. bees. Microbiology, 77(3), 373-379. https://doi.org/:10.1134/S0026261708030181
  42. Tysset Durand, C. (1968). Contribution a l’etude du microbisme intestinal des abeilles butineuses saines ($Apis$ $mellifera$ L.). Denombrement et etude des groupements constitutifs ($Premier$ $memoire$). Bulletin apicole de documentation scientifique et technique et information, 11(2), 107 -118.
  43. Wen, Y., Wang, L., Jin, Y., Zhang, J., Su, L., Zhang, X., Zhou, J., & Li, Y. (2017). The Microbial Community Dynamics During the Vitex Honey Ripening Process in the Honeycomb. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 1649. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01649
  44. Roxo, I., Amaral, A., Portugal, A., & Trovão, J. A. (2023). Preliminary Metabarcoding Analysis of Portuguese Raw Honeys. Archives of Microbiology, 205, 386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03725-3
  45. Bruxel, F., Geller, A. M., Felice, A. G., Ströher, J. A., Freitas, A. S. D., Balen, A., Oliveria, M.B.P.P., & Castro de Oliveira, W. (2025). Microbial Contamination in Commercial Honey: Insights for Food Safety and Quality Control. Microbiology Research, 16(6), 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres16060128
  46. López, A. C., & Alippi, A. M. (2019). Feasibility of using RFLP of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene (s) for rapid differentiation of isolates of aerobic spore-forming bacteria from honey. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 165, 105690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2019.105690
  47. Akpınar, R., Bozdeveci, A., & Çelik, S. (2023). Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesindeki bal arılarında ve temel petekte Amerikan yavru çürüklüğünün teşhisi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 37(3), 24 - 250.