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Journals / Türkiye Ormancılık Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 27

Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu

Kastamonu’da yetişen doğal ve plantasyon karaçam ormanlarinda toprak organik karbon ve azot stoklari ile ölü örtü miktarindaki değişim

Gamze Savacı Selamet(KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-4685-2797
Temel Sarıyıldız(BURSA TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0003-3451-3229
Pages
96–105
Publication Date
2026-07-21
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results show that the PBP stands accumulated more litter (28.95 Mg ha⁻¹) than the NBP stands (21.4 Mg ha⁻¹).

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:The impacts of stand development stages (SDS) and forest establishment types (FET) on litter amounts, as well as on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks, were investigated in black pine ( Pinus nigra Arnold.) forests in Kastamonu.
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Key Findings & Data:A total of 24 litter samples were collected from each plot and arranged into three layers (L, F, and H) at the organic horizon.
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Conclusion & Impact:The results show that the PBP stands accumulated more litter (28.95 Mg ha⁻¹) than the NBP stands (21.4 Mg ha⁻¹).
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Ölü örtü birikimi · Meşcere kuruluş tipleri · Organik horizon

Abstract

The impacts of stand development stages (SDS) and forest establishment types (FET) on litter amounts, as well as on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks, were investigated in black pine ( Pinus nigra Arnold.) forests in Kastamonu. The litter amounts were determined by selecting eight experimental plots: four from natural black pine forests (NBP) and four from black pine plantations (PBP). A total of 24 litter samples were collected from each plot and arranged into three layers (L, F, and H) at the organic horizon. A total of 144 soil samples were collected and analysed for bulk density, SOC, and TN stocks. The results show that the PBP stands accumulated more litter (28.95 Mg ha⁻¹) than the NBP stands (21.4 Mg ha⁻¹). The highest value was found in stage "b" of the PBP stands at 29.59 Mg ha⁻¹, followed by stage "a" of PBP stands at 28.31 Mg ha⁻¹, stage "b" of NBP stands at 22.84 Mg ha⁻¹ and stage "a" of NBP stands at the lowest value of 19.95 Mg ha⁻¹. SOC and TN stocks in NBP stands (140.6 Mg C ha⁻¹ and 4.51 Mg N ha⁻¹) were generally higher than in the PBP stands (105.1 Mg C ha⁻¹ and 4.38 Mg N ha⁻¹), with more SOC and TN being accumulated in the soils of young stands. In this study on black pine forests, it is recommended that natural forests with high SOC and TN stocks be prioritized for conservation to increase carbon storage capacity, while silvicultural interventions (such as appropriate thinning and light management) be planned in plantation areas to accelerate the incorporation of accumulated dense litter into mineral soil. Also, given the decisive impact of stand development stages and soil depth on carbon dynamics, the adoption of site-specific, age-based management strategies in forest management plans is critical for the sustainability of the region's ecosystem.

Özet

Kastamonu'da yetişen karaçam ( Pinus nigra Arnold.) ormanlarında meşcere gelişim çağları (SDS) ve orman kuruluş tiplerinin (FET) ölü örtü miktarı, toprak organik karbon (TOK) ve toplam azot (TA) stokları üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ölü örtü miktarları, dördü doğal karaçam ormanlarından (NBP) ve dördü karaçam plantasyonlarından (PBP) olmak üzere sekiz deneme alanında çalışılmıştır. Her parselden toplam 24 ölü örtü örneği alınmış ve organik horizonun üç katmanına (L, F ve H) göre örnekleme yapılmıştır. Toplam 144 toprak numunesi alınmış ve hacim ağırlığı, TOK ve TA stokları analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, PBP ağaçlarının NBP ağaçlarına (21.4 Mg ha⁻¹) göre daha fazla ölü örtü biriktirdiğini (28.95 Mg ha⁻¹) göstermektedir. En yüksek değer 29.59 Mg ha⁻¹ ile "b" gelişim çağındaki PBP ağaçları iken; bunu sırasıyla 28.31 Mg ha⁻¹ ile "a" gelişim çağındaki PBP ağaçları, 22.84 Mg ha⁻¹ ile "b" gelişim çağındaki NBP ağaçları ile 19.95 Mg ha⁻¹ ile "a" gelişim çağındaki NBP ağaçları takip etmiştir. NBP alanlarındaki TOK ve TA stokları (140.6 Mg C ha⁻¹ ve 4.51 Mg N ha⁻¹) genel olarak PBP alanlarındakinden (105.1 Mg C ha⁻¹ ve 4.38 Mg N ha⁻¹) daha yüksek ve genç meşcere topraklarında daha fazla TOK ve TA birikmiştir. Karaçam ormanlarına yönelik bu çalışmada, karbon depolama kapasitesini artırmak için fazla TOK ve TA stoklarına sahip doğal ormanların öncelikli olarak korunması, plantasyon alanlarında ise biriken yoğun ölü örtünün mineral toprağa karışmasını hızlandıracak silvikültürel müdahalelerin (uygun aralama ve ışık yönetimi gibi) planlanması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca, meşcere gelişim çağlarının ve toprak derinliğinin karbon dinamikleri üzerindeki belirleyici etkisi göz önüne alınarak, orman amenajman planlarında alana özgü ve yaşa dayalı yönetim stratejilerinin benimsenmesi, bölgedeki ekosistemin sürdürülebilirliği açısından kritik önem taşımaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Selamet, G. S., Sarıyıldız, T. (2026). Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu. Türkiye Ormancılık Dergisi, Cilt: 27, 96–105. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1806957

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