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Journals / Spiritual Psychology and Counseling / 2026 / Volume: 11 Issue: 3

Measuring Contemplation-Based Spiritual Development: Conceptualization and Psychometric Analysis

TEFEKKÜR TEMELLİ MANEVİ GELİŞİM ÖLÇEĞİ GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Gülvade Köroğlu(HATAY MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ İLAHİYAT FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-6920-152X
Saffet Kartopu(ANKARA HACI BAYRAM VELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-6846-0511
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-10-03
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The resultant 7-item Contemplation-Based Spiritual Development Scale is a psychometrically sound instrument expected to contribute to research in psychology of religion and serve as a foundation for similar measurement tools.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Contemplation is considered a fundamental consciousness practice that supports spiritual development in both classical Islamic thought and modern spiritual approaches.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Expert opinions ensured content validity resulting in an 11-item draft form.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The resultant 7-item Contemplation-Based Spiritual Development Scale is a psychometrically sound instrument expected to contribute to research in psychology of religion and serve as a foundation for similar measurement tools.
🔬Design:Lab & Field Experiment
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Psychology of Religion · Contemplation · Spirituality

Abstract

Contemplation is considered a fundamental consciousness practice that supports spiritual development in both classical Islamic thought and modern spiritual approaches. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure individuals’ contemplation-based spiritual development levels. Following a literature review and conceptual framework establishment an initial item pool was created. Expert opinions ensured content validity resulting in an 11-item draft form. Pilot testing with 40 participants demonstrated temporal consistency via test-retest methodology. For the main application, data were collected from two independent adult samples (18-65 years) 357 participants for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and 409 for Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). EFA led to the removal of four items due to low factor loadings or high correlations, resulting in a final 7-item scale. The revised EFA indicated excellent sampling adequacy (KMO=0.87) and a significant Bartlett’s test. The scale demonstrated a unidimensional structure, explaining 53.4% of the total variance, with high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=.84). CFA confirmed excellent model fit (χ²/df=2.84, RMSEA=.067, CFI=.98, GFI=.97). The resultant 7-item Contemplation-Based Spiritual Development Scale is a psychometrically sound instrument expected to contribute to research in psychology of religion and serve as a foundation for similar measurement tools.

Özet

Tefekkür hem klasik İslam düşüncesinde hem de modern maneviyat yaklaşımlarında manevî gelişimi destekleyen temel bir bilinç pratiği olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışma, bireylerin tefekküre dayalı manevî gelişim düzeylerini ölçmeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Alan yazın taraması ve kavramsal çerçevenin oluşturulmasının ardından başlangıç madde havuzu hazırlanmıştır. Uzman görüşleri alınarak kapsam geçerliği sağlanmış ve 11 maddelik taslak form oluşturulmuştur. 40 katılımcıyla yapılan pilot uygulamada test-tekrar test yöntemiyle zamansal tutarlılık elde edilmiştir. Asıl uygulama için iki bağımsız yetişkin örnekleminden (18–65 yaş arası) veri toplanmıştır: Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) için 357, Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) için 409 katılımcı. AFA sonucunda düşük faktör yükleri veya yüksek madde korelasyonları nedeniyle dört madde çıkarılmış ve ölçek 7 maddeye indirilmiştir. Güncellenmiş AFA sonuçları örneklem yeterliliğinin mükemmel olduğunu göstermiştir (KMO = 0.87) ve Bartlett testi anlamlı bulunmuştur. Ölçek, toplam varyansın %53.4’ünü açıklayan tek boyutlu bir yapıya sahip olup yüksek iç tutarlılık göstermiştir (Cronbach’s α = .84). DFA sonuçları mükemmel model uyumu sağlamıştır (χ²/df = 2.84, RMSEA = .067, CFI = .98, GFI = .97). Sonuç olarak 7 maddelik Tefekkür Temelli Manevî Gelişim Ölçeği, psikometrik açıdan sağlam bir ölçme aracı olup, din psikolojisi alanındaki araştırmalara katkı sunması ve benzer ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarına temel teşkil etmesi beklenmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Köroğlu, G., Kartopu, S., *, G. K. (2026). Measuring Contemplation-Based Spiritual Development: Conceptualization and Psychometric Analysis. Spiritual Psychology and Counseling, Volume: 11 Issue: 3. https://doi.org/10.37898/spiritualpc.1833078

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