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Journals / Selcuk Dental Journal / 2026 / Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Evaluation of Degree of Conversion, Flexural Strength, and Microhardness of a Novel Flowable Resin Composite

Yeni Geliştirilen Bir Akışkan Rezin Kompozitin Dönüşüm Derecesi, Eğilme Dayanımı ve Mikrosertliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Bengü Doğu Kaya(MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ PR.)0000-0002-3116-2016
Selinsu Öztürk(MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ PR.)0000-0003-0339-7501
Nazlı Zeynep Kuzu(MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ PR.)0009-0002-0266-3695
Ayşe Aslı Şenol(MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ PR.)0000-0003-3542-4877
Erkut Kahramanoğlu(MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ PR.)0000-0002-2583-6627
Pınar Yılmaz Atalı(MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ PR.)0000-0003-3121-360X
Bilge Tarçın(MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ PR.)0000-0002-9220-8671
Pages
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Publication Date
2025-08-22
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Conclusion: A 5% increase in the volume of filler content did not alter the degree of conversion and the tested mechanical properties of the resin composite.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Aim: This in vitro study aimed to compare the degree of conversion, flexural strength, and microhardness of a recently developed flowable resin composite in clinical use and to evaluate polymerization and mechanical characteristics.
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Key Findings & Data:Materials & Methods: ZENIFLOW (65% filler ratio by volume) and Dynamic flow (60% filler ratio by volume) composites (President, Germany) were subjected to a three-point bending test (n=10) to determine flexural strength (FS) and flexural modulus (FM); Vickers micro-hardness (VHN) (n=5) and hardness-ratio (HR) were determined with a microhardness tester from bottom/top surfaces after 15-days of storage in distilled water at 37ºC.
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Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion: A 5% increase in the volume of filler content did not alter the degree of conversion and the tested mechanical properties of the resin composite.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:degree of conversion · flexural strength · flowable resin composite

Abstract

Aim: This in vitro study aimed to compare the degree of conversion, flexural strength, and microhardness of a recently developed flowable resin composite in clinical use and to evaluate polymerization and mechanical characteristics. Materials & Methods: ZENIFLOW (65% filler ratio by volume) and Dynamic flow (60% filler ratio by volume) composites (President, Germany) were subjected to a three-point bending test (n=10) to determine flexural strength (FS) and flexural modulus (FM); Vickers micro-hardness (VHN) (n=5) and hardness-ratio (HR) were determined with a microhardness tester from bottom/top surfaces after 15-days of storage in distilled water at 37ºC. The degree of conversion (DC) was assessed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) (n=5). All samples were polymerized with a polywave LED curing unit with 1000 mW/cm2 (Valo Cordless, Ultradent) for 20 s. Polishing procedures were performed with 4-step polishing discs (BISCO, USA). The fractured surfaces formed after flexural strength assessment were examined with a stereomicroscope (Leica MZ7.5, Germany) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (Zeiss EVO MA10, Germany). Independent samples t-test was used to compare the values according to the groups. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: There was no significant difference between the two resin composites with different filler ratios in terms of degree of conversion, microhardness, hardness ratio, flexural strength, and flexural modulus. Conclusion: A 5% increase in the volume of filler content did not alter the degree of conversion and the tested mechanical properties of the resin composite.

Özet

Amaç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı, yeni geliştirilen bir akışkan rezin kompozitin dönüşüm derecesini, eğilme dayanımını ve mikrosertliğini karşılaştırmak, dönüşüm derecesini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: ZENIFLOW (hacimce %65 doldurucu oranı) ve Dynamic flow (hacimce %60 doldurucu oranı) rezin kompozitler (President, Almanya) eğilme dayanımı (FS) ve elastisite modülünü (FM) belirlemek için üç nokta eğme testine (n=10) tabi tutuldu, Vickers mikrosertlik değerleri (VHN) (n=5) ve sertlik oranı (HR) alt/üst yüzeylerden mikrosertlik test cihazı ile 37ºC'de distile suda 15 gün bekletildikten sonra belirlendi. Dönüşüm derecesi (DC), Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi (FTIR) kullanılarak değerlendirildi (n=5). Tüm örnekler 20 saniye süreyle 1000 mW/cm2 güçte LED ışık cihazı (Valo Cordless, Ultradent) ile polimerize edildi. Polisaj prosedürleri 4 aşamalı bitim diskleri (BISCO, ABD) ile gerçekleştirildi. Eğilme dayanımı değerlendirmesinin ardından oluşan kırık yüzeyler stereomikroskop (Leica MZ7.5, Almanya) ve Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) (Zeiss EVO MA10, Almanya) ile incelendi. Değerleri gruplara göre karşılaştırmak için bağımsız örneklem t-testi kullanıldı. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: Farklı doldurucu oranlarına sahip iki rezin kompozit arasında dönüşüm derecesi, mikrosertlik değeri, sertlik oranı, eğilme dayanımı ve elastisite modülü açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Sonuç: Doldurucu oranında hacimce %5'lik bir artış, dönüşüm derecesini ve rezin kompozitin test edilen mekanik özelliklerini değiştirmedi.

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Cite This Article

Kaya, B. D., Öztürk, S., Kuzu, N. Z., Şenol, A. A., Kahramanoğlu, E., Atalı, P. Y., Tarçın, B. (2025). Evaluation of Degree of Conversion, Flexural Strength, and Microhardness of a Novel Flowable Resin Composite. Selcuk Dental Journal, Volume: 12 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.1568695

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