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Journals / Politeknik Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2

Investigation of the Effects of Aggregate Gradation Variations on the Mechanical Properties of Bituminous Hot Mixtures Used in Wearing Course

Agrega Gradasyonundaki Değişimlerin Aşınma Tabakasında Kullanılan Bitümlü Sıcak Karışımların Mekanik Özelliklerine Olan Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Deniz Arslan(KONYA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-9493-2826
Hüseyin Köse(KONYA TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-2533-6769
Pages
445–453
Publication Date
2024-03-27
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

At the same time, it was observed that the gradation envelope defined for Type-1 may have an expansion potential.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Gradation properties of the bituminous mixture in Turkey, according to the layer to be used, are specified in the Highway Technical Specification.
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Key Findings & Data:In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of five different aggregate gradations created as lower, middle and upper limits as well as by offsetting the lower and upper limits of the Type-1 gradation envelope defined for wearing course in the specification on the mechanical properties of bituminous mixtures.
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Conclusion & Impact:At the same time, it was observed that the gradation envelope defined for Type-1 may have an expansion potential.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Bitümlü karışım · Marshall tasarımı · Gradasyon

Abstract

Gradation properties of the bituminous mixture in Turkey, according to the layer to be used, are specified in the Highway Technical Specification. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of five different aggregate gradations created as lower, middle and upper limits as well as by offsetting the lower and upper limits of the Type-1 gradation envelope defined for wearing course in the specification on the mechanical properties of bituminous mixtures. With the determined five gradations, both the effect of variations in the gradation envelope and the expansion potential of the gradation envelope were investigated. For this purpose, Marshall designs were applied on the bituminous mixtures created with different aggregate gradations. According to the test results, optimum bitumen requirement of the mixture increased as the aggregate gradation got thinner. It has been determined that as the gradation gets thinner, the void filled with bitumen ratio (Vf) and the percentage of voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) increase, while the unit weight (Dp) decreases at the optimum bitumen ratio. At the same time, it was observed that the gradation envelope defined for Type-1 may have an expansion potential.

Özet

Türkiye’de bitümlü karışımın kullanılacağı tabakaya göre hangi gradasyon özelliklerine sahip olması gerektiği Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesinde belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, şartnamede aşınma tabakası için tanımlanan Tip-1 gradasyon zarfındaki alt, orta ve üst limit değerlerinin yanı sıra alt ve üst limitlerin belirli oranda ötelenmesiyle oluşturulan beş farklı agrega gradasyonunun bitümlü karışımların mekanik özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Belirlenen beş gradasyon ile hem gradasyon zarfı dahilindeki değişimlerin etkisi hem de gradasyon zarfının genişleme potansiyeli incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda farklı agrega gradasyonları ile oluşturulan bitümlü karışımlarla Marshall tasarımları yapılmıştır. Test sonuçlarına göre agrega gradasyonu inceldikçe karışımın optimum bitüm ihtiyacı artmıştır. Gradasyon inceldikçe, optimum bitüm oranındaki bitümle dolu boşluk oranının (Vf) ve agregalar arasındaki boşluk yüzdesinin (VMA) arttığı, birim ağırlığın (Dp) azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, Tip-1 için tanımlanan gradasyon zarfının genişleme potansiyelinin olabileceği görülmüştür.

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Cite This Article

Arslan, D., Köse, H. (2024). Investigation of the Effects of Aggregate Gradation Variations on the Mechanical Properties of Bituminous Hot Mixtures Used in Wearing Course. Politeknik Dergisi, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 445–453. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1133995

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