Journals / Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 48 Sayı: 5

Typical and Atypical Clinics in COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) RT-PCR Positive Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) RT-PCR Testi Pozitif Hastalarda Tipik ve Atipik Klinik Bulgular: Çok Merkezli Retrospektif Çalışma

Rıdvan Alagöz(Bozüyük State Hospital)0000-0001-9648-4377
Nurdan Acar(ESKİŞEHİR OSMANGAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-3532-1803
Evvah Karakılıç(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-1414-8914
Engin Özakın(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-4301-5440
Şeyhmus Kaya(Eskisehir City Hospital)0000-0002-8701-6675
Davut Kaplan(Eskisehir Yunus Emre State Hospital)0000-0002-7226-0704
Volkan Ercan(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-9734-5843
Filiz Baloğlu Kaya(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-6197-0682
Çağlar Kuas(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-1283-9420
Mustafa Emin Çanakçı(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-9015-1782
Pages
956–963
Publication Date
2026-08-26
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Patients presenting with typical symptoms, particularly those with dyspnea and underlying comorbidities, had considerably worse outcomes and warrant close monitoring.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:In this study, we sought to determine the consistency of symptoms in patients admitted to three high-volume emergency departments with a diagnosis of COVID-19 with the standard definition published by the Turkish Ministry of Health, and to examine the relationship between symptom type and clinical outcomes.
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Key Findings & Data:This multicentre, retrospective, observational study included adult patients aged 18 years and over who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR in the emergency departments of three hospitals between 11 March and 31 December 2020.
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Conclusion & Impact:Patients presenting with typical symptoms, particularly those with dyspnea and underlying comorbidities, had considerably worse outcomes and warrant close monitoring.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:COVID-19 · SARS-CoV-2 · pandemi

Abstract

In this study, we sought to determine the consistency of symptoms in patients admitted to three high-volume emergency departments with a diagnosis of COVID-19 with the standard definition published by the Turkish Ministry of Health, and to examine the relationship between symptom type and clinical outcomes. This multicentre, retrospective, observational study included adult patients aged 18 years and over who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR in the emergency departments of three hospitals between 11 March and 31 December 2020. Presentation symptoms were classified as typical or atypical in accordance with the national COVID-19 guidelines dated 7 December 2020. Demographic characteristics, vital signs, laboratory results, comorbidities and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. A total of 5,274 patients were enrolled; 2,763 (52.4%) were male, and the median age was 63 years. Of these, 4,262 (80.8%) had typical and 1,012 (19.2%) had atypical presentations. Dyspnea was the leading complaint (38.7%), followed by cough (29.9%) and fatigue (20.6%). Patients in the typical group were older (median 64 vs. 60 years, p<0.001), had lower oxygen saturation (90% vs. 91%, p<0.001), and demonstrated higher inflammatory markers including CRP, D-dimer, LDH, and ferritin. Intensive care unit admission was more frequent in the typical group (10.1% vs. 3.2%, p<0.001), as was in-hospital mortality (10.5% vs. 3.0%, p<0.001). Approximately one in five COVID-19 patients presented to the ED with atypical complaints. It should be noted that atypical or asymptomatic patients in terms of clinical course may be missed with symptom-based screening alone. Patients presenting with typical symptoms, particularly those with dyspnea and underlying comorbidities, had considerably worse outcomes and warrant close monitoring.

Özet

Çalışmada, üç büyük hacimli acil servise COVID-19 tanısıyla başvuran hastaların başvuru yakınmalarının Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından yayımlanan standart vaka tanımı ile uyumluluğunu belirlemeyi ve yakınma tipi ile klinik sonuçlar arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçladık. Çok merkezli, retrospektif, gözlemsel çalışmaya 11 Mart – 31 Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında üç hastanenin acil servislerinde RT-PCR ile SARS-CoV-2 pozitifliği saptanan 18 yaş ve üzeri yetişkin hastalar dahil edildi. Başvuru yakınmaları 07.12.2020 tarihli ulusal COVID-19 rehberine göre tipik veya atipik olarak sınıflandırıldı. İki grup arasında demografik özellikler, vital bulgular, laboratuvar sonuçları, komorbiditeler ve klinik sonuçlar karşılaştırıldı. Toplam 5.274 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi; 2.763’ü (%52,4) erkekti ve medyan yaş 63 idi. Hastaların 4.262’si (%80,8) tipik, 1.012’si (%19,2) ise atipik yakınma ile başvurdu. En sık başvuru yakınması nefes darlığı (%38,7) olup bunu öksürük (%29,9) ve halsizlik (%20,6) izledi. Tipik gruptaki hastalar daha yaşlıydı (medyan 64’e karşı 60 yıl, p<0,001), daha düşük oksijen satürasyonuna sahipti (%90’a karşı %91, p<0,001) ve CRP, D-dimer, LDH ve ferritin dahil enflamatuvar belirteçleri daha yüksekti (tümü p<0,001). Yoğun bakım yatış oranı (%10,1’e karşı %3,2, p<0,001) ve hastane yatışı sırasında mortalite (%10,5’e karşı %3,0, p<0,001) tipik grupta anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. COVID-19 tanılı hastaların yaklaşık beşte biri acil servise atipik yakınmalarla başvurmaktadır. Klinik seyir açısından atipik veya asemptomatik hastaların yalnızca semptom temelli taramayla gözden kaçabileceğine dikkat edilmelidir. Tipik semptomlarla başvuran, özellikle nefes darlığı ve altta yatan komorbiditeleri olan hastalar belirgin şekilde daha kötü klinik sonuçlara sahiptir ve yakın takip gerektirir.

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Cite This Article

Alagöz, R., Acar, N., Karakılıç, E., Özakın, E., Kaya, Ş., Kaplan, D., Ercan, V., Kaya, F. B., Kuas, Ç., Türkdoğan, O., Çanakçı, M. E. (2026). Typical and Atypical Clinics in COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) RT-PCR Positive Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 48 Sayı: 5, 956–963. https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1931971

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