Journals / Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 48 Sayı: 6

Drug Provocation Testing in Children With Suspected Macrolide Hypersensitivity: Confirmation and Subsequent Drug Tolerance

Makrolid Aşırı Duyarlılığı Şüphesi Olan Çocuklarda İlaç Provokasyon Testi: Tanının Doğrulanması ve Yeniden Kullanımda Tolerans

Sezin Aydemir(ISTANBUL MEDENIYET UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0000-0002-5876-2601
Cansu Türkay(ISTANBUL MEDENIYET UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0009-0008-4148-3551
Leman Tuba Karakurt(ISTANBUL MEDENIYET UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0000-0003-0818-8063
Özlem Cavkaytar(ISTANBUL MEDENIYET UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0000-0002-5747-7032
Mustafa Arga(ISTANBUL MEDENIYET UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0000-0002-0940-7398
Pages
1189–1196
Publication Date
2026-09-22
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

DPT can facilitate exclusion of macrolide hypersensitivity and safe subsequent macrolide use, potentially reducing unnecessary antibiotic restrictions.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Macrolide hypersensitivity is frequently suspected in children, although hypersensitivity confirmed by drug provocation test (DPT) appears to be uncommon.
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Key Findings & Data:In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, 82 children with suspected macrolide hypersensitivity were evaluated.
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Conclusion & Impact:DPT can facilitate exclusion of macrolide hypersensitivity and safe subsequent macrolide use, potentially reducing unnecessary antibiotic restrictions.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Makrolidler · İlaç Aşırı Duyarlılığı · İlaç Provokasyon Testi

Abstract

Macrolide hypersensitivity is frequently suspected in children, although hypersensitivity confirmed by drug provocation test (DPT) appears to be uncommon. This study aimed to determine the frequency of DPT-confirmed macrolide hypersensitivity in children with suspected reactions and to evaluate subsequent macrolide reuse after negative testing. In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, 82 children with suspected macrolide hypersensitivity were evaluated. Eligible patients underwent DPT according to current EAACI/ENDA recommendations; clinical characteristics, DPT results, concomitant suspected beta-lactam hypersensitivity, and subsequent macrolide use were analyzed. Fifty-six of 82 children (68.3%) underwent DPT. The initial DPT was positive in 1 child (1.8%); one additional child with an initially negative DPT reacted on re-exposure and was confirmed by repeat DPT, resulting in a final confirmation rate of 2/56 (3.6%). Most index reactions were non-immediate (59.8%), with maculopapular exanthem being the most common presentation (52.4%). Concomitant suspected beta-lactam hypersensitivity was present in 90.2% of patients. Among 32 children evaluated for both antibiotic groups, 30 (93.8%) had negative DPT results for both, and none had confirmed hypersensitivity to both a macrolide and amoxicillin-clavulanate. Among 29 children who reused a macrolide after a negative DPT, 28 (96.6%) tolerated treatment without recurrence. These findings demonstrate a substantial discrepancy between suspected and confirmed macrolide hypersensitivity in children. DPT can facilitate exclusion of macrolide hypersensitivity and safe subsequent macrolide use, potentially reducing unnecessary antibiotic restrictions.

Özet

Çocuklarda makrolidlere bağlı aşırı duyarlılık reaksiyonlarından sıklıkla şüphelenilmekle birlikte, ilaç provokasyon testi (İPT) ile doğrulanmış makrolid aşırı duyarlılığı nadirdir. Bu çalışmada, makrolid aşırı duyarlılığı şüphesiyle değerlendirilen çocuklarda İPT ile doğrulanmış aşırı duyarlılık sıklığının belirlenmesi ve negatif İPT sonrasında makrolidlerin yeniden kullanımının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Retrospektif, tek merkezli bu kohort çalışmasında makrolid aşırı duyarlılığı şüphesi bulunan 82 çocuk incelendi. Uygun hastalara güncel EAACI/ENDA önerileri doğrultusunda İPT uygulandı; klinik özellikler, İPT sonuçları, eşlik eden beta-laktam aşırı duyarlılığı şüphesi ve izlemdeki makrolid kullanımları değerlendirildi. Hastaların 56’sına (%68,3) İPT uygulandı. İlk İPT bir hastada (%1,8) pozitifti; ilk testi negatif olan bir hasta ise yeniden kullanım sırasında reaksiyon geliştirdi ve tekrarlanan İPT ile doğrulandı; böylece nihai doğrulanmış aşırı duyarlılık oranı 2/56 (%3,6) oldu. İndeks reaksiyonların %59,8’i geç tipteydi ve en sık makülopapüler döküntü (%52,4) izlendi. Eşlik eden beta-laktam aşırı duyarlılığı şüphesi hastaların %90,2’sinde mevcuttu. Her iki antibiyotik grubu açısından değerlendirilen 32 hastanın 30’unda (%93,8) her iki İPT de negatifti ve hiçbir hastada hem makrolide hem de amoksisilin-klavulanata karşı aşırı duyarlılık doğrulanmadı. Negatif İPT sonrasında makrolid kullanan 29 hastanın 28’i (%96,6) tedaviyi reaksiyon gelişmeksizin tolere etti. Bulgularımız, makrolid aşırı duyarlılığı şüphesinin doğrulanmış aşırı duyarlılığa kıyasla belirgin ölçüde daha sık olduğunu göstermektedir. İPT, makrolid aşırı duyarlılığının dışlanmasına ve makrolidlerin güvenle yeniden kullanılmasına olanak sağlayarak gereksiz antibiyotik kısıtlamalarının azaltılmasına katkıda bulunabilir.

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Cite This Article

Aydemir, S., Türkay, C., Karakurt, L. T., Cavkaytar, Ö., Arga, M. (2026). Drug Provocation Testing in Children With Suspected Macrolide Hypersensitivity: Confirmation and Subsequent Drug Tolerance. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 48 Sayı: 6, 1189–1196. https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.2016808

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