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Journals / Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3

Comparison of Particle Swarm Optimization and Perturb and Observe Methods for Maximum Power Point Tracking in Photovoltaic Systems

Fotovoltaik Sistemlerde Maksimum Güç Noktasının Takip Edilmesinde Parçacık Sürü Optimizasyonu ile Değiştir ve Gözlemle Metotlarının Karşılaştırılması

Ömer Faruk Çiriş(KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0004-6236-9548
Hasan Cangi(HASAN KALYONCU ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-6954-7299
Suleyman Adak(MARDİN ARTUKLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-1436-2830
Ramazan Taşaltin(KAHRAMANMARAŞ İSTİKLAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ELBİSTAN MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, ELEKTRİK-ELEKTRONİK MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, ELEKTRİK-ELEKTRONİK MÜHENDİSLİĞİ ANABİLİM DALI)0000-0002-0573-8456
Pages
1014–1029
Publication Date
2026-09-01
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Furthermore, the simulation results of the PSO and P&O methods in MATLAB were analyzed graphically.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The advantages of renewable solar energy systems include easy maintenance, a low number of mechanical components, and access to an infinite, clean energy source.
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Key Findings & Data:However, the high costs of solar energy systems and the decrease in efficiency due to changing atmospheric conditions are considered their main disadvantages.
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Conclusion & Impact:Furthermore, the simulation results of the PSO and P&O methods in MATLAB were analyzed graphically.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Fotovoltaik (FV) · Parçacıksürü Optimizasyonu · Değiştir ve Gözlemle

Abstract

The advantages of renewable solar energy systems include easy maintenance, a low number of mechanical components, and access to an infinite, clean energy source. However, the high costs of solar energy systems and the decrease in efficiency due to changing atmospheric conditions are considered their main disadvantages. To increase the efficiency of the energy produced by photovoltaic (PV) panels, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) must be applied. In this study, the performance of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is compared with a conventional method, Perturb and Observe (P&O), in tracking the maximum power point. For the comparison, MPPT algorithm codes were developed in MATLAB, and corresponding Simulink circuit models were created for both methods. Under constant temperature and varying irradiance levels, data such as rise time to the maximum power point, convergence speed, stability, power efficiency, and oscillation level at the maximum power point were monitored. As a result of the comparison, the advantages and disadvantages of both methods were revealed. In the PSO method, parameter values were determined by considering the effect of each parameter on the output data. Furthermore, the simulation results of the PSO and P&O methods in MATLAB were analyzed graphically.

Özet

Yenilenebilir güneş enerji sistemlerinin avantajları; bakımlarının kolay olması, mekanik bileşenlerinin azlığı ve sonsuz, temiz bir enerji kaynağına sahip olmasıdır. Fakat güneş enerji sistemlerinin maliyetlerinin yüksek olması ve değişen atmosfer koşullarında üretilen enerjide veriminin düşmesi, bu sistemlerin dezavantajlarıdır. Fotovoltaik (FV) panellerin ürettiği enerjinin verimliliğini artırmak için üretilen enerjinin maksimum güç noktası takibi (MGNT) yapılmalıdır. Bu makalede, parçacık sürü optimizasyonu (PSO) algoritması ile geleneksel bir yöntem olan değiştir ve gözlemle (D&G) algoritmasının maksimum güç noktasını takip etmeleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma yöntemi için iki yöntemin matlab’da MGN izleme algoritması programı ve Simulink devre modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Sabit sıcaklık ve farklı ışınım seviyelerinde maksimum güç noktasına yükselme hızı, yakınsama hızı, kararlılık, güç verimi ve maksimum güç noktasındaki salınım seviyesi gibi veriler izlenmiştir. Karşılaştırma işlemi sonucunda her iki yöntemin avantaj ve dezavantajları ortaya konulmuştur Yapılan analizler sonucunda önerilen yöntemin, literatürdeki güncel çalışmalarla kıyaslandığında bir çalışmayı tüm ışınım seviyelerinde geride bıraktığı ve diğer bir çalışmanın sonuçlarıyla %99'un üzerinde bir doğrulukla örtüşerek literatüre üstün bir performans sunduğu tespit edilmiştir. PSO yönteminde parametre değerlerinin seçiminde, her bir parametrenin çıkış verileri üzerindeki etkisi dikkate alınarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca PSO ve D&G yöntemlerinin matlab simülasyon sonuçları, grafiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir.

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Cite This Article

Çiriş, Ö. F., Cangi, H., Adak, S., Taşaltin, R. (2026). Comparison of Particle Swarm Optimization and Perturb and Observe Methods for Maximum Power Point Tracking in Photovoltaic Systems. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 1014–1029. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1825033

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