AI Summary & Key Takeaways
AI InsightThe problem could be resolved by the Law of Unification of Instruction enacted during the Republican period.
📌 3 Key Takeaways
Abstract
Following Tanzimat, there was an increase in the activities of minority and foreign schools in the Ottoman Country. The principles regarding the foundation and activities of these schools which were considered as private institutions were set in the 1869 dated Law of General Education. The principles, however, were not followed because of Ottoman Statesmen's negligence and foreign pressures. It is known that these schools which were mainly founded by the Americans, English, French, Russians and Germans were under the control of missionaries. Activities aiming to provoke the minorities and encouraging religion change were observed in these schools. That these schools took part in the outbreak and support of Armenian rebels occurred during the reign of Abdulhamit II was proven. Missionary activities, were also not in line with the traditional Ottoman understanding of preserving the religion and culture of its subjects. Therefore, the harmful activities of these schools were tried to be prevented and those schools violating the rules were closed. Despite all these, neither were these schools controlled nor were their harmful activities prevented. The problem could be resolved by the Law of Unification of Instruction enacted during the Republican period.
Özet
Osmanlı Devleti, çok çeşitli etnik ve dini özelliklere sahip nüfusu bünyesinde barındıran bir demografik yapıya sahip olmuştur. Müslüman olmayan (gayrımüslim) nüfusun hak ve sorumlulukları, söz konusu dönem içerisinde İslam hukukunun öngördüğü esaslar çerçevesinde belirlenmiştir. Buna göre gayrımüslimlerin, azınlık olarak, özellikle dini haklarının korunduğu, askerlik görevinden muaf tutuldukları, mal ve can güvenliklerinin teminat altına alındığı, dolayısıyla Müslüman olan vatandaşlar karşısında ikinci sınıf bir hukuki statüye sahip olmadıkları bilinmektedir.