Journals / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3

Evaluation of the Relationships Between Homocysteine, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Acid-Base Parameters in Neonatal Calves with Diarrhea

Neonatal İshalli Buzağılarda Homosistein, Nötrofil/Lenfosit Oranı ve Asit-Baz Parametreleri Arasındaki İlişkilerin Değerlendirilmesi

Pages
305–315
Publication Date
2026-09-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, it is indicated that metabolic acidosis and systemic inflammation develop at the cellular level in diarrheic calves; however, despite the compensatory respiratory response provided by the decreased 〖"pCO" 〗_2, the blood pH value could not be stabilized, leading to a clinical acidemia profile.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This study aimed to comparatively evaluate alterations in homocysteine, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), blood gas, electrolyte, and acid-base parameters in diarrheic calves during the neonatal period relative to healthy calves, and to investigate the relationships among these parameters.
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Key Findings & Data:Within the scope of the study, blood samples obtained from a total of 40 calves, comprising 20 diarrheic and 20 healthy animals, were analyzed using hematological, blood gas, and ELISA methodologies.
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Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, it is indicated that metabolic acidosis and systemic inflammation develop at the cellular level in diarrheic calves; however, despite the compensatory respiratory response provided by the decreased 〖"pCO" 〗_2, the blood pH value could not be stabilized, leading to a clinical acidemia profile.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Asit-baz dengesi · Homosistein · Kan gazları

Abstract

This study aimed to comparatively evaluate alterations in homocysteine, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), blood gas, electrolyte, and acid-base parameters in diarrheic calves during the neonatal period relative to healthy calves, and to investigate the relationships among these parameters. Within the scope of the study, blood samples obtained from a total of 40 calves, comprising 20 diarrheic and 20 healthy animals, were analyzed using hematological, blood gas, and ELISA methodologies. Upon examining the findings, bicarbonate (〖"HCO" 〗_3^-) and base excess (BE) values were observed to be significantly lower, whereas the anion gap (AG) value was higher in the diarrheic group compared to the control group. It was determined that 〖"pCO" 〗_2 levels, reflecting acid-base compensation, decreased in the diarrheic group, and blood pH values were detected to be statistically significantly lower in the diarrheic group than in the control group (p=0.020). Regarding electrolyte levels, no significant difference was identified between the groups. Furthermore, the NLR, a systemic inflammation indicator, increased prominently in diarrheic calves; conversely, homocysteine levels were lower compared to healthy calves, and a positive correlation was identified between homocysteine and BE. In conclusion, it is indicated that metabolic acidosis and systemic inflammation develop at the cellular level in diarrheic calves; however, despite the compensatory respiratory response provided by the decreased 〖"pCO" 〗_2, the blood pH value could not be stabilized, leading to a clinical acidemia profile. Accompanied by an electrolyte profile suggesting that renal perfusion was preserved, the lower homocysteine levels are evaluated to potentially stem from the suppression of this molecule's synthesis by the tissue-level acidosis profile.

Özet

Bu çalışmada, neonatal dönemdeki ishalli buzağılarda homosistein, nötrofil/lenfosit oranı, kan gazı, elektrolit ve asit-baz parametrelerindeki değişimlerin sağlıklı buzağılarla karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesi ve parametreler arası ilişkilerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında 20 ishalli ve 20 sağlıklı olmak üzere toplam 40 buzağıdan kan örnekleri alınarak hematolojik, kan gazı ve ELISA yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular incelendiğinde, ishalli grupta bikarbonat (HCO₃⁻) ve baz açığı (BE) değerlerinin anlamlı düzeyde düşük, anyon açığı (AG) değerinin ise kontrol grubuna kıyasla yüksek olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Asit-baz kompanzasyonunu yansıtan pCO2 seviyelerinin ishalli grupta düştüğü, kan pH değerlerinin ise ishalli grupta kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede düşük saptandığı (p=0.020) tespit edilmiştir. Elektrolit düzeylerinde ise gruplar arası anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, sistemik yangı indikatörü NLR'nin ishalli buzağılarda belirgin şekilde arttığı, buna karşın homosistein düzeylerinin sağlıklı buzağılara göre daha düşük olduğu ve homosistein ile BE arasında pozitif yönlü bir korelasyon bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ishalli buzağılarda hücresel düzeyde metabolik asidoz ve sistemik yangı geliştiğine, ancak azalan pCO2 ile sağlanan kompansatör solunum yanıtına rağmen kan pH değerinin dengelenemediğine ve klinik asidemi tablosunun oluştuğuna işaret edilmektedir. Böbrek perfüzyonunun korunduğunu düşündüren elektrolit tablosu eşliğinde saptanan düşük homosistein seviyelerinin ise, doku düzeyindeki asidoz tablosunun bu molekülün sentezini baskılamasından kaynaklanabileceği değerlendirilmektedir.

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Cite This Article

Tunç, A. C., Bayendur, S. H. (2026). Evaluation of the Relationships Between Homocysteine, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Acid-Base Parameters in Neonatal Calves with Diarrhea. Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3, 305–315. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.1983465

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