Reliability and validity of the Turkish Nose Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale

Abstract

Background/aim: e aim of this study was to validate the Turkish Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (T-NOSE) scale. Materials and methods: e NOSE scale was translated into Turkish. A prospective study was conducted involving adult subjects with nasal obstruction and a control group. e patients were divided into three groups, namely nasal septum deviation (NSD), septoplasty, and control groups. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, validity, responsiveness, and the magnitude of the e ect of surgery were all investigated. Results: In total, 253 subjects were enrolled in the study. Cronbach?s alpha was 0.938 and 0.942 upon test and retest, respectively, which proved good internal consistency. e mean kappa value was 0.82, indicating a high level of reproducibility. e di erence between postoperative and control groups was not statistically signi cant (P < 0.05). e T-NOSE score of the NSD group was 65.67 &pm; 16.77, while it was 10.75 &pm; 12.25 for the control group (P < 0.01). e mean score improved following septoplasty (P < 0.001). e magnitude of the e ect of surgery was considered high. e correlation between the visual analogue scale and NOSE scores was 0.948. Conclusion: e T-NOSE scale is a valid instrument with good internal consistency, reliability, reproducibility, validity, and responsiveness.