SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Gıda / 2026 / Cilt: 51 Sayı: 4

MAPPING DIGITAL INTEREST IN EU-REGISTERED TURKISH OLIVE AND OLIVE OIL GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS: AN INFODEMIOLOGICAL STUDY THROUGH A FOOD LITERACY AND HEALTH PERCEPTION LENS

AB TESCİLLİ TÜRK ZEYTİN VE ZEYTİNYAĞI COĞRAFİ İŞARETLERİNİN DİJİTAL İLGİSİNİN HARİTALANMASI: GIDA OKURYAZARLIĞI VE SAĞLIK ALGISI PERSPEKTİFİNDEN BİR İNFODEMİYELOJİK ÇALIŞMA

Burcu Uslu(LOKMAN HEKİM ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-6371-6562
Ezgi Doğan(YÜKSEK İHTİSAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-7751-7687
Journal
Gıda
Pages
750–756
Publication Date
2026-07-31
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These findings reveal a structural disconnect between GI registration and digital food literacy internationally.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This infodemiological study examined the digital search visibility of European Union-registered Turkish olive and olive oil geographical indication (GI) products across 13 countries using Google Trends Relative Search Volume data over a seven-year period (2019-2025). 'A composite Digital Gastrodiplomacy Index (DGDI) was developed to quantify GI-specific digital interest.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Mann-Whitney U tests revealed a pronounced digital visibility gap between generic food topic searches and GI-labeled products (Z = -4.308, P<0.001).
💡
Conclusion & Impact:These findings reveal a structural disconnect between GI registration and digital food literacy internationally.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2019-2025 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Coğrafi işaret · zeytinyağı · Google Trends

Abstract

This infodemiological study examined the digital search visibility of European Union-registered Turkish olive and olive oil geographical indication (GI) products across 13 countries using Google Trends Relative Search Volume data over a seven-year period (2019-2025). 'A composite Digital Gastrodiplomacy Index (DGDI) was developed to quantify GI-specific digital interest. Mann-Whitney U tests revealed a pronounced digital visibility gap between generic food topic searches and GI-labeled products (Z = -4.308, P<0.001). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests showed that table olives had significantly higher DGDI scores than olive oils (W=3.0, P=0.002). Hierarchical cluster analysis identified three country typologies: GI-aware, partially aware, and GI-blind. Spearman correlations between olive and olive oil DGDI were nonsignificant (ρ=0.280), indicating product-specific digital recognition. These findings reveal a structural disconnect between GI registration and digital food literacy internationally.

Özet

Bu infodemiyelojik çalışma, Avrupa Birliği tescilli Türk zeytin ve zeytinyağı coğrafi işaret (Cİ) ürünlerinin 13 ülkedeki dijital arama görünürlüğünü Google Trends Göreli Arama Hacmi verileriyle yedi yıllık bir dönemde (2019-2025) incelemiştir. Cİ’ye özgü dijital ilgiyi ölçmek amacıyla Dijital Gastrodiplomasi Endeksi (DGDI) geliştirilmiştir. Mann-Whitney U testleri, jenerik gıda konuları ile Cİ etiketli ürünler arasında belirgin bir görünürlük açığı ortaya koymuştur (Z=-4.308, P<0.001). Wilcoxon testi, sofralık zeytinlerin zeytinyağına göre anlamlı şekilde yüksek DGDI skorlarına sahip olduğunu göstermiştir (W=3.0, P=0.002). Hiyerarşik kümeleme analizi üç ülke tipolojisi belirlemiştir: Cİ-bilinçli, kısmen bilinçli ve Cİ-kör. Bulgular, Cİ tescili ile uluslararası dijital gıda okuryazarlığı arasında yapısal bir kopukluk olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Uslu, B., Doğan, E. (2026). MAPPING DIGITAL INTEREST IN EU-REGISTERED TURKISH OLIVE AND OLIVE OIL GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS: AN INFODEMIOLOGICAL STUDY THROUGH A FOOD LITERACY AND HEALTH PERCEPTION LENS. Gıda, Cilt: 51 Sayı: 4, 750–756. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD26037

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (26)

  1. Bayram, H. M. & Ozturkcan, A. (2023). Public interest in weight loss and diet-related topics in Europe: An infodemiology study of Google Trends data from 2004-2022. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 74(4), 568-579. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637486.2 023.2235091
  2. Checchinato, F., Finotto, V., Mauracher, C. & Rinaldi, C. (2024). Spreading the gains from geographical indications: A longitudinal study on the extension of the Prosecco GI. Journal of Rural Studies, 109, 103336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2024.103336
  3. Consavage Stanley, K., Harrigan, P. B., Engel, A., Rolls, B. J. & Savage, J. S. (2022). A systematic scoping review to develop a digital food and nutrition literacy model. Obesity Reviews, 23(3), e13414. https://doi. org/10.1111/obr.13414
  4. Dinu, M., Pagliai, G., Casini, A. & Sofi, F. (2018). Mediterranean diet and multiple health outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72(1), 30-43. https://doi. org/10.1038/ejcn.2017.58
  5. Eysenbach, G. (2009). Infodemiology and infoveillance: framework for an emerging set of public health informatics methods to analyze search, communication and publication behavior on the Internet. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 11 (1), e1157. https://doi. org/10.2196/jmir.1157
  6. Farina, G., Casati, M. & Sckokai, P. (2024). The country-of-origin dilemma: Domestic bias or need for transparency? Assessing consumer’s value of information for country-of-origin labelling in Italy. British Food Journal, 126(13), 521-541. https://doi. org/10.1108/BFJ-03-2024-0235
  7. Fritz, C. O., Morris, P. E. & Richler, J. J. (2012). Effect size estimates: Current use, calculations, and interpretation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 141(1), 2-18. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024338
  8. Gorzynik-Debicka, M., Przychodzen, P., Cappello, F., Kuban-Jankowska, A., Marino Gammazza, A., Knap, N. & Gorska-Ponikowska, M. (2018). Potential health benefits of olive oil and plant polyphenols. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(3), 686. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030686
  9. Innerbichler, H., Danzl, F., König, J. & Bach, K. E. (2024). The halo effect of PDO labeling on sensory experience and consumer perception of Bergkäse. Applied Food Research, 4(2), 100633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afres.2024.100633
  10. International Olive Council. (2025). Olive Sector Statistics-March 2025. IOC.
  11. International Telecommunication Union. (2024). ITU DataHub: Individuals Using the Internet. https://datahub.itu.int
  12. Kamiński, M., Skonieczna-Żydecka, K., Nowak, J. K. & Stachowska, E. (2020). Global and local diet popularity rankings, their secular trends, and seasonal variation in Google Trends data. Nutrition, 79-80, 110759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2020.110759
  13. Kraak, V. I. (2025). Children and teens must develop digital literacy skills to navigate complex and evolving food ecosystems. Nutrition Reviews, 83(2), e736. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuad153
  14. Martínez-González, M. A., Salas-Salvadó, J., Estruch, R., Corella, D., Fitó, M. & Ros, E. (2015). Benefits of the Mediterranean diet: Insights from the PREDIMED study. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 58(1), 50-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2015.04.003
  15. Mavragani, A. & Ochoa, G. (2019). Google Trends in infodemiology and infoveillance: Methodology framework. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 5(2), e13439. https://doi.org/10.2196/13439
  16. Nuti, S. V., Wayda, B., Ranasinghe, I., Wang, S., Dreyer, R. P., Chen, S. I. & Murugiah, K. (2014). The use of Google Trends in health care research: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 9(10), e109583. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109583
  17. Portugal-Nunes, C., Nunes, F. M., Saraiva, C. & Gonçalves, C. (2023). Public interest in food sustainability: An infodemiology study of Google Trends data in Europe from 2010-2021. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 74(1), 95-106. https://doi.org/10.1 080/09637486.2022.2151988
  18. Rovetta, A. (2024). Google trends in infodemiology: Methodological steps to avoid irreproducible results and invalid conclusions. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 190, 105563.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105563
  19. Ruani, M. A., Reiss, M. J. & Kalea, A. Z. (2023). Diet-nutrition information seeking, source trustworthiness, and eating behavior changes: An international web-based survey. Nutrients, 15(21), 4515. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214515
  20. Santangelo, C., Vari, R., Scazzocchio, B., De Sanctis, P., Giovannini, C., D'Archivio, M., & Masella, R. (2018). Anti-inflammatory activity of extra virgin olive oil polyphenols: which role in the prevention and treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases?. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders), 18(1), 36-50. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871530317666171114114321
  21. Stranieri, S., Casati, M., Soregaroli, C. & Varacca, A. (2025). Nutriscore’s impact on purchase intention for products with geographical indications: A Bayesian causal mediation analysis. Food Policy, 135, 102942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102942
  22. Thøgersen, J. (2023). How does origin labelling on food packaginginfluence consumer product evaluation and choices? A systematic literature review. Food Policy, 119, 102503. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2023.102503
  23. United Nations DESA. (2024). International Migration Stock 2024. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/
  24. Wang, D., Xu, Y., Li, W. & Li, Y. (2024). Abstract or concrete? The impact of regional typicality and advertising appeal types on consumption intention toward geographical indication products. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1288845. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1288845
  25. World Bank. (2023). World Development Indicators. https://data. worldbank.org
  26. Thøgersen, J. (2023). How does origin labelling on food packaginginfluence consumer product evaluation and choices? A systematic literature review. Food Policy, 119, 102503. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2023.102503