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Journals / European Journal of Biology / 2026 / Volume: 85 Issue: 2

Probiotics: An Emerging Tool against Pathogenic Bacteria

Doofan Bur(National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency)0000-0001-7625-7118
Israel Akinrotimi Akinola(Pennington Biomedical Research Center)0009-0003-9267-2065
Adebisi Abiodun Adeleke(Howard University)0009-0000-7401-4147
Emmanuel Kennedy Ezika(Colorado State University)0000-0001-7899-9000
Kelechi Purity Ezennubia(Baylor University)0009-0003-3143-9497
Hajara Abdul-Karim(Philadelphia Police Department - Office of Forensic Science)0000-0003-3629-4189
Oluwabukunmi Ifedamola Rowaiye Sulemana(Afe Babalola University)0009-0009-0564-0289
Muftawu Mohammed Immurana Sulemana(Manhyia Government Hospital)0009-0004-0245-7888
Adekunle Babajide Rowaiye(North Carolina Central University)0000-0002-8773-5944
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-06-12
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Harnessing these insights may extend the lifespan of existing antibiotics while advancing sustainable, ecosystem-friendly therapeutics for the post-antibiotic era.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:To disassemble the mechanisms of action of antipathogenic probiotics from Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, specifically competitive exclusion, bacteriocin production, short-chain fatty acid release, and immune modulation, to inform the development of microbiome-sparing compounds for multidrug-resistant infections.
📊
Key Findings & Data:We conducted a systematic literature search across PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and Google Scholar, identifying 104 pertinent articles published between 2018 and 2025.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Harnessing these insights may extend the lifespan of existing antibiotics while advancing sustainable, ecosystem-friendly therapeutics for the post-antibiotic era.
🔬Design:Review
📍Scope:2018 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Probiotics · Antimicrobial resistance · Pathogens

Abstract

To disassemble the mechanisms of action of antipathogenic probiotics from Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, specifically competitive exclusion, bacteriocin production, short-chain fatty acid release, and immune modulation, to inform the development of microbiome-sparing compounds for multidrug-resistant infections. We conducted a systematic literature search across PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and Google Scholar, identifying 104 pertinent articles published between 2018 and 2025. These studies were analysed to elucidate the antimicrobial mechanisms of probiotic-derived molecules and their potential for drug development. The analysis of 104 articles revealed that probiotic-derived molecules, including bacteriocins and short-chain fatty acids, create an adaptive anti-pathogen toolkit through competitive exclusion and immune modulation. These mechanisms effectively target MDR pathogens. However, translation to clinical settings remains complex due to inconsistent trial results and highly strain-specific therapeutic effects, underscoring the need for careful validation. Understanding the structural determinants of probiotic-derived molecules could enable the rational design of microbiome-compatible antivirulence drugs and bacteriocin mimetics that neutralise pathogens without harming the commensal microbiota. Harnessing these insights may extend the lifespan of existing antibiotics while advancing sustainable, ecosystem-friendly therapeutics for the post-antibiotic era.

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Cite This Article

Bur, D., Akinola, I. A., Adeleke, A. A., Ezika, E. K., Ezennubia, K. P., Abdul-Karim, H., Sulemana, O. I. R., Sulemana, M. M. I., Rowaiye, A. B., *, D. B. (2026). Probiotics: An Emerging Tool against Pathogenic Bacteria. European Journal of Biology, Volume: 85 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.26650/EurJBiol.2026.1781227

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