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Journals / Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni / 2026 / Cilt: 68 Sayı: 4 Özel Sayı

eodiversity and Significant Geosites of the Denizli Province (SW Türkiye)

Denizli İlinin (GB Türkiye) Jeoçeşitliliği ve Önemli Jeositleri / Geodiversity and Significant Geosites of the Denizli Province (SW Türkiye)

Mehmet Özkul(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-0949-4225
Arzu Gül(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-4998-1917
Barış Semiz(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-1263-4599
Tamer Koralay(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-8353-3501
Savaş Topal(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-7451-6606
Ali Gökgöz(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-5238-0207
Hülya Özen(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, JEOLOJİ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ)0009-0006-1507-1719
Hüseyin Erten(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-0462-3710
Mete Hançer(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-9706-9359
Halil Kumsar(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-8051-2150
Pages
145–188
Publication Date
2025-05-31
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Pamukkale Travertines, the most prominent geodiversity element in Denizli, were listed among the First 100 Geological Heritage Sites of the World by the International Union of Geological Sciences. ‘Denizli Travertine’, which also contains Homo erectus finds, was approved as a global heritage stone by the union in August 2024.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Denizli province, with a surface area of 12,134 km2 in southwestern Anatolia, Türkiye, has high geodiversity.
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Key Findings & Data:In March 2024, the Oligocene molasse was designated among the First 100 Geological Heritage Sites of Türkiye.
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Conclusion & Impact:Pamukkale Travertines, the most prominent geodiversity element in Denizli, were listed among the First 100 Geological Heritage Sites of the World by the International Union of Geological Sciences. ‘Denizli Travertine’, which also contains Homo erectus finds, was approved as a global heritage stone by the union in August 2024.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2024 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Denizli · jeoçeşitlilik · jeolojik miras

Abstract

Denizli province, with a surface area of 12,134 km2 in southwestern Anatolia, Türkiye, has high geodiversity. The geodiversity of the province, which is spread over nineteen regions, is distributed from old to young within the Menderes Massif, Lycian Nappes, Oligocene molasse, Neogene continental deposits, Neogene volcanics and Quaternary formations. The gneisses and accompanying schists of the Menderes Massif located near the Buldan District are probably among the oldest rocks in both the region and Türkiye. The Late Triassic carbonate-evaporite nappe slice within the Lycian Nappes, emplaced during the Late Cretaceous-Eocene period, is a rare outcrop. Molasse successions filling NE-SW trending basins during the late Oligocene period, when nappe emplacements continued, are quite common in the province. In March 2024, the Oligocene molasse was designated among the First 100 Geological Heritage Sites of Türkiye. The Neogene sedimentary fill of the Denizli Basin is unique and has different characteristics compared to other graben fills in Western Anatolia. One of these characteristics is that it contains Paratethyan mollusc fauna. The geodiversity elements of the Neogene to Quaternary period are closely related to basin fills, horst-graben structures, normal faults, extensional fractures and the extensional tectonics that gave rise to them. Particularly, canyons, caves, landslides, geothermal areas, hot springs, a wide variety of travertine formations, lakes and wetlands stand out in the geodiversity from the Quaternary. The most important lake is Acıgöl, which is a closed basin. Pamukkale Travertines, the most prominent geodiversity element in Denizli, were listed among the First 100 Geological Heritage Sites of the World by the International Union of Geological Sciences. ‘Denizli Travertine’, which also contains Homo erectus finds, was approved as a global heritage stone by the union in August 2024.

Özet

Güneybatı Anadolu’da 12.134 km2’lik yüzölçüme sahip Denizli ilinin jeoçeşitliliği oldukça fazladır. Ondokuz ilçeye yayılmış olan ilin jeoçeşitliliği, yaşlıdan gence doğru Menderes Masifi, Likya Napları, Oligosen molası, Neojen karasal istifleri, Neojen volkanitleri ve Kuvaterner oluşumları içinde dağılım gösterir. Buldan İlçesi çevresinde bulunan Menderes Masifi’nin gnaysları ve beraberindeki şistler muhtemelen hem bölgenin hem de Türkiye’nin en yaşlı kayaçları arasındadır. Yerleşimleri özellikle Geç Kretase-Eosen döneminde gerçekleşen Likya Napları içindeki Geç Triyas karbonat-evaporit dilimi ildeki ender yüzeylemelerden birisidir. Öte yandan nap yerleşimlerinin devam ettiği geç Oligosen döneminde KD-GB uzanımlı bir havzayı dolduran molas istifleri ilde oldukça yaygındır. Mart 2024’de Denizli Oligosen molası Türkiye’nin İlk 100 Jeositi arasında yerini almıştır. Denizli Havzası’nın Neojen çökel dolgusu kendine özgüdür ve Batı Anadolu’daki diğer graben dolgularından farklı özellikler taşır. Bu farklı özelliklerden birisi paratetis mollusk faunası barındırmasıdır. Neojen-Kuvaterner dönemi jeoçeşitlilik unsurları, havza dolguları, horst-graben yapıları ve normal faylar, açılma çatlakları ve bunları ortaya çıkaran genişleme tektoniği ile yakından ilişkilidir. Özellikle Kuvaterner’de kanyonlar, mağaralar, heyelanlar, jeotermal alanlar, sıcak su kaynakları, çeşitli traverten oluşumları, göller ve sulak alanlar jeoçeşitlilikte öne çıkmaktadır. Göller arasında en önemlisi kapalı bir havza olan Acıgöl’dür. Denizli’nin jeoçeşitliliğinde en önde gelen Pamukkale Travertenleri IUGS tarafından Dünya’nın İlk 100 Jeolojik Miras Alanı arasında gösterilmiştir. Yine Homo erectus bulgusunu barındıran ‘Denizli Traverteni’ Uluslararası Jeoloji Bilimleri Birliği-IUGS tarafından Ağustos 2024’te küresel mirastaş olarak onaylanmıştır.

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Cite This Article

Özkul, M., Gül, A., Semiz, B., Koralay, T., Topal, S., Gökgöz, A., Özen, H., Erten, H., Hançer, M., Kumsar, H. (2025). eodiversity and Significant Geosites of the Denizli Province (SW Türkiye). Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 68 Sayı: 4 Özel Sayı, 145–188. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1559108

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