Journals / Güvenlik Bilimleri Dergisi / 2021 / Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3 Özel Sayı

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST COVID-19 AS AN INTERNATIONAL SECURITY PROBLEM: AN ANALYSIS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PRINCIPLE OF INDIVISIBILTY OF SECURITY

BİR ULUSLARARASI GÜVENLİK SORUNU OLARAK COVID-19 İLE MÜCADELEDE ULUSLARARASI İŞ BİRLİĞİ: GÜVENLİĞİN BÖLÜNMEZLİĞİ İLKESİ KAPSAMINDA BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Hakan Karaaslan(VAN YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ)
Murat Demirel(Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü)0000-0001-7134-8985
Pages
115–138
Publication Date
2021-12-29
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The study argues within the principle of indivisibility of security that COVID-19 process has created a functional accumulation of knowledge and cooperation tendencies consisting of cost-sharing and consensus practices which are critical for similar pandemics or other international security threats originated from different sectors; and clarified the need for a sustainable cooperation and governance platform responding international security problems.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed serious security risks and challenges for wide range of actors from individuals to societies, and from states to international system over various dimensions.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The inability to develop an effective medication, injustices arisen from the global distribution of vaccination, and the emergence of the variants of the virus have led COVID-19 to continue its existence as a major security threat.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The study argues within the principle of indivisibility of security that COVID-19 process has created a functional accumulation of knowledge and cooperation tendencies consisting of cost-sharing and consensus practices which are critical for similar pandemics or other international security threats originated from different sectors; and clarified the need for a sustainable cooperation and governance platform responding international security problems.
🔬Design:Konferans Bildirisi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Güvenliğin Bölünmezliği · COVID-19 · Koronavirüs

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed serious security risks and challenges for wide range of actors from individuals to societies, and from states to international system over various dimensions. The inability to develop an effective medication, injustices arisen from the global distribution of vaccination, and the emergence of the variants of the virus have led COVID-19 to continue its existence as a major security threat. The argument that no actor in international relations is completely secure unless the pandemic ends all over the world lays at the core of the struggle. Analyzing this fact with the principle of indivisibility of security, this study aims to discuss what sort of an accumulation and tendencies have occurred during the COVID-19 process regarding the problem of international cooperation by focusing on the United Nations Security Council, the World Health Organization and COVAX. The study argues within the principle of indivisibility of security that COVID-19 process has created a functional accumulation of knowledge and cooperation tendencies consisting of cost-sharing and consensus practices which are critical for similar pandemics or other international security threats originated from different sectors; and clarified the need for a sustainable cooperation and governance platform responding international security problems.

Özet

COVID-19 salgını bireylerden toplumlara, devletlerden uluslararası sisteme yönelik geniş bir yelpazede farklı boyutlar üzerinden çok kısa sürede dünyanın tüm bölgelerine yayılan ciddi güvenlik riskleri ve meydan okumaları doğurmuştur. Hastalıkla mücadelede etkin bir ilaç geliştirilememiş olması, aşının küresel dağıtımında yaşanan adaletsizlikler, virüsün varyantlarının ortaya çıkması COVID-19’un temel bir güvenlik tehdidi olarak varlığını devam ettirmesine yol açmaktadır. Mücadelenin temelinde salgınının tüm dünyada sonlandırılana kadar uluslararası ilişkilerdeki hiçbir aktörün tamamıyla güvende olamayacağı anlayışı hâkimdir. Çalışma bu hususu güvenliğin bölünmezliği ilkesi kapsamında inceleyerek COVID-19 sürecinde uluslararası iş birliği sorunsalına dair nasıl bir birikim ve eğilimler oluştuğunu Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ve COVAX’a odaklanarak tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma; güvenliğin bölünmezliği ilkesi çerçevesinde COVID-19 sürecinin, benzer salgınlar veya farklı sektörlerden kaynaklanabilecek başka uluslararası güvenlik tehditleri açısından önem arz eden maliyet paylaşımı ve uzlaşı pratikleri içeren işlevsel bir bilgi birikimi ve işbirliği eğilimi oluşturduğunu; uluslararası güvenlik sorunlarına karşı sürdürülebilir bir iş birliği ve yönetişim platformuna olan ihtiyacı netleştirdiğini iddia etmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Karaaslan, H., Demirel, M. (2021). INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST COVID-19 AS AN INTERNATIONAL SECURITY PROBLEM: AN ANALYSIS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PRINCIPLE OF INDIVISIBILTY OF SECURITY. Güvenlik Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3 Özel Sayı, 115–138. https://doi.org/10.28956/gbd.1018898

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (55)

  1. African Union. (2021). Member states. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://au.int/en/member_states/countryprofiles2
  2. Akgün B. ve Çelik M. (2020). Yeni normal dönemde küresel yönetişim. M. Şeker, A. Özer, C. Korkut (Ed.), Küresel Salgının Anotomisi: İnsan ve Toplumun Geleceği, (ss. 367-384). Ankara: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi.
  3. Aydın M. (2020). Koronavirüs sonrası dünya. Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi-Panorama, Erişim tarihi:10.08.2021, https://www.uikpanorama.com/blog/2020/04/28/koronavirus-sonrasi-dunya/
  4. Baichorov A. M. (2020). United Nations Security Council and COVID-19. Journal of the Belarusian State University. International Relations.
  5. Birleşmiş Milletler Antlaşması ve Uluslararası Adalet Divanı Statüsü. (1945). Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://turkey.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/UN-charter-turkish_0.pdf
  6. Borger J. (08.05.2020). US blocks vote on UN’s bid for global ceasefire over reference to WHO. Guardian. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/08/un-ceasefire-resolution-us-blocks-who
  7. Burgess, J. P. (2007). What is new and what is old in NATO’s strategic concept?. Erişim tarihi 31.10.2021, https://jpeterburgess.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Burgess-2007-What-is-new.pdf
  8. CEPI. (2021). A global coalition for a global problem. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://cepi.net/about/whoweare/
  9. Charbonneau B. (2021). The COVID-19 test of the United Nations Security Council. International Journal, 76(1), 6-16.
  10. Christensen, T. J. (May 2020). A Modern Tragedy? COVID-19 and US-China Relations. Brookings. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.brookings.edu/research/a-modern-tragedy-covid-19-and-us-china-relations/
  11. Çınar, A. (11.04.2020). Donald Trump versus the World Health Organization. TRT World. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.trtworld.com/opinion/donald-trump-versus-the-world-health-organization-35319
  12. Covax: How many Covid vaccines have the US and the other G7 countries pledged?. (23.09.2021). BBC NEWS. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-55795297
  13. Davies S. E. (t.y.). National security and pandemics. UN Chronicle. Erişim tarihi: 10.08.2021, https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/national-security-and-pandemics
  14. Dilbirliği, M. (16.07.2020). Kovid-19 ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün geleceği. Anadolu Ajansı. Erişim tarihi: 14.12.2021, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/analiz/kovid-19-ve-dunya-saglik-orgutunun-gelecegi/1912500#
  15. DSÖ. (2021). Who we are. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.who.int/about/who-we-are
  16. DSÖ. (2021). Where we work: WHO - organizational structure. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.who.int/about/structure
  17. DSÖ: Salgın her yerde bitene kadar hiçbir yerde bitmeyecek. (04.06.2021). Milliyet, Erişim tarihi: 10.08.2021, https://www.milliyet.com.tr/dunya/dso-salgin-her-yerde-bitene-kadar-hicbir-yerde-bitmeyecek-6522968
  18. DW NEWS. (22.05.2020). USA vs China: The new cold war on the horizon [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=taAHtUDo18Q
  19. Ellehuus R. ve Zagorski A. (2019, Mart). Restoring the european security order. Center for Strategic&International Studies. Erişim tarihi: 15.08.2021, https://russiancouncil.ru/papers/CSIS-RIAC-Ellehuus-Zagorski-RestoringEuropeanOrder.pdf
  20. GAVI – The Vaccine Alliance. (2021a). About our alliance. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.gavi.org/our-alliance/about
  21. GAVI - The Vaccine Alliance. (2021b). COVAX vaccine roll-out: country updates. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out
  22. Gowan R. (2020). The UN at crossroads of COVID-19. Horizons: Journal of International Relations and Sustainable Development, 17, Special Elections Issue: America at Crossroads, 66-75.
  23. Harman S. (2020). COVID-19, the UN, and Dispersed Global Health Security. Ethics & International Affairs, 34 (3), 373-378.
  24. Hoyer, W. (2010). ‘A German view on the OSCE Corfu Process: an opportunity to strengthen cooperative security in Europe’. Security and Human Rights, no.2, 114-118.
  25. Karaaslan, H. (2020). Uluslararası güvenliğe bir tehdit olarak başarısız devletler. H. Karaaslan ve M. Demirel (Ed.), Güncel Uluslararası Güvenlik Sorunları, (ss. 167-206). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  26. Koçer G. (2021). Pandemiler ve küresel güvenlik ezeli ve ebedi tehdit: dördüncü atlı. A. Eminoğlu ve M. Ülgül (Ed.), Uluslararası Güvenliğe Giriş, (ss. 93-125). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  27. Kvartalnov A. (2021). Indivisible security and collective security concepts: implications for Russia’s relations with the West. Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, 15 (3), 4-29.
  28. Marchant N. (23.04.2021). Foreign aid hit a record high last year. Here’s what it means for the global recovery from COVID. World Economic Forum. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/04/foreign-aid-2020-covid-19-oecd/
  29. Mason J. ve O’donnell C. (23.09.2021). Under pressure, U.S. donates half billion more COVID-19 vaccine doses to World. Reuters. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-pledges-new-vaccine-donations-bid-rally-global-pandemic-fight-2021-09-22/
  30. OECD. (13.04.2021). COVID-19 spending helped to lift foreign aid to an all-time high in 2020 but more effort needed. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.oecd.org/newsroom/covid-19-spending-helped-to-lift-foreign-aid-to-an-all-time-high-in-2020-but-more-effort-needed.htm
  31. OSCE. (17.06.2009). The OSCE concept of comprehensive and co-operative security: an overview of major milestones. OSCE Secretariat Conflict Prevention Centre Operations Service – SEC.GAL/100/09. Erişim tarihi: 01.09.2021, https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/c/0/37592.pdf
  32. Özler Ş. İ. (2020). The United Nations at seventy-five: passing the COVID Test. Ethics & International Affairs, 34 (4), 445-456.
  33. Pobjie E. (27.07.2020) Covid-19 as a threat to international peace and security: The role of the UN Security Council in addressing the pandemic. Blog of the European Journal of International Talk. Erişim tarihi: 20.10.2021, https://www.ejiltalk.org/covid-19-as-a-threat-to-international-peace-and-security-the-role-of-the-un-security-council-in-addressing-the-pandemic/
  34. Roberts,M. (19.10.2021). What are the Delta, Gamma, Beta and Alpha Covid variants?. BBC. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, www.bbc.com/news/health-55659820
  35. Russian News Agency. (17.09.2020). UN Secretary General called COVID-19 a number one global security threat. Erişim tarihi: 25.09.2021, https://tass.com/world/1201745.
  36. Seçkin B. (22.09.2021). İtalya, yıl sonuna kadar yoksul ülkelere 45 milyon doz Kovid-19 aşısı bağışlayacak. Anadolu Ajansı. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/italya-yil-sonuna-kadar-yoksul-ulkelere-45-milyon-doz-kovid-19-asisi-bagislayacak/2372452
  37. Soner, B. A. (Hazırlayan). (2020). Kovid-19 salgını ve sonrası uluslararası siyasette süreklilik ve değişimler. Rapor. Ankara: Polis Akademisi Yayınları.
  38. Sönmez G. (06.04.2020). COVID-19 salgınının güvenlik ve uluslararası sistem üzerinde olası etkileri. ORSAM. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://orsam.org.tr/tr/covid-19-salgininin-guvenlik-ve-uluslararasi-sistem-uzerinde-olasi-etkileri/
  39. Sula İ. E. (2020). Uluslararası Güvenlik Çalışmalarının Kuramsal Dönüşümü ve Değişen Güvenlik Tanımları. H. Karaaslan ve M. Demirel (Ed.), Güncel uluslararası güvenlik sorunları (ss. 1-18). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  40. TRT Haber. (2021a) (25.05.2021). Trump'a "Çin virüsü" davası: 22,9 milyon dolar tazminat. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.trthaber.com/haber/dunya/trumpa-cin-virusu-davasi-229-milyon-dolar-tazminat-583333.html
  41. TRT Haber. (2021b), (01.06.2021). TBMM Başkanı Şentop: Türkiye, salgın sürecinde 158 ülkeye yardım gönderdi. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/tbmm-baskani-sentop-turkiye-salgin-surecinde-158-ulkeye-yardim-gonderdi-585234.html
  42. UN NEWS. (02.07.2020). COVID-19 fast becoming protection crisis, Guterres warns Security Council, Erişim tarihi: 20.09.2021, https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/07/1067632
  43. UN Secretary General. (2020a), (09.04.2020). Secretary-General’s remarks to the Security Council on the COVID-19 Pandemic [as delivered]. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2020-04-09/secretary-generals-remarks-the-security-council-the-covid-19-pandemic-delivered
  44. UN Secretary General. (2020b), (18.07.2020). Secretary-General’s Nelson Mandela lecture: “Tackling the inequality pandemic: a new social contract for a new era” [as delivered]. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2020-07-18/secretary-generals-nelson-mandela-lecture-%E2%80%9Ctackling-the-inequality-pandemic-new-social-contract-for-new-era%E2%80%9D-delivered
  45. UN Security Council. (01.07.2020). Resolution 2532 (2020). Erişim Tarihi, 31.10.2021, https://undocs.org/en/S/RES/2532(2020)
  46. UNICEF. (2021). What we do. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.unicef.org/what-we-do
  47. United Nations Comprehensive Response to Covid-19: Saving Lives, Protecting Societies, Recovering Better. (2020, Eylül). United Nations. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/un-comprehensive-response-to-covid-19.pdf
  48. Williams, P. D. (2013). Security studies: an introduction. P. D. Williams (Ed.), Security Studies: An Introduction (ss. 1-12). Londra ve New York: Routledge.
  49. World Health Organization (WHO). (2021a), (14.09.2021). Media briefing on vaccine equity [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKM4rQl8W-8&t=2911s
  50. World Health Organization (WHO) (2021b). WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. Erişim tarihi 17.10.2021, https://covid19.who.int/
  51. World Health Organization (WHO). (2021c). COVAX. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://www.who.int/initiatives/act-accelerator/covax
  52. World Health Organization (WHO). (2021d). Update on omicron. Erişim tarihi: 15.12.2021, https://www.who.int/news/item/28-11-2021-update-on-omicron
  53. Wu H. (06.08.2021). China pledges 2 billion vaccines globally through year’s end. AP News. Erişim tarihi: 31.10.2021, https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-business-health-china-coronavirus-pandemic-7b3a7e0f5949b6976d4cf7f69bba71d0
  54. Yeşiltaş M., Gür N. ve Acun C. (20.03.2020). Koronavirüs salgını küresel sistemi nasıl etkileyecek?. SETA, Erişim tarihi: 10.08.2021, https://www.setav.org/5-soru-koronavirus-salgini-kuresel-sistemi-nasil-etkileyecek/
  55. Gowan R. (2020). The UN at crossroads of COVID-19. Horizons: Journal of International Relations and Sustainable Development, 17, Special Elections Issue: America at Crossroads, 66-75.