Journals / Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi / 2018 / Cilt: 18 Sayı: 37

The Politicization of Migration and the Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism in Hungary

Göçün Siyasallaşması ve Macaristan’da Rekabetçi Otoriterliğin Yükselişi

Pages
88–117
Publication Date
2018-05-07
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The Refugee Crisis of 2015 gave him the opportunity to create the sense of crisis and urgency which has helped him further consolidate his power.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Viktor Orbán, the Prime Minister of Hungary, has made inflammatory statements against asylum seekers and migrants defining them as “poison” and “not needed”.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Orbán’s government carried out a public campaign against refugee quota plan introduced by European Commission.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The Refugee Crisis of 2015 gave him the opportunity to create the sense of crisis and urgency which has helped him further consolidate his power.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2015 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Demokrasi · Rekabetçi Otoriterlik · Siyasal Sistemler

Abstract

Viktor Orbán, the Prime Minister of Hungary, has made inflammatory statements against asylum seekers and migrants defining them as “poison” and “not needed”. Orbán’s government carried out a public campaign against refugee quota plan introduced by European Commission. The public campaign has served to spark anti-migrant sentiments by circulating misleading messages that associated refugees with terrorism and sexual assault. This article seeks to analyze the role of Orbán’s anti-migrant and anti-refugee discourses on his rising authoritarianism in Hungary. It is argued that the political system of Hungary has been going through a gradual transition from democracy to competitive authoritarianism under Orbán’s rule and his anti-migrant propaganda have contributed to this transformation by dominating the public discourse and raising his political support. As an elected populist Orbán has been eroding the existing democratic institutions by making changes in the judicial, legislative, electoral arenas and pressurizing media through regulatory agencies. The Refugee Crisis of 2015 gave him the opportunity to create the sense of crisis and urgency which has helped him further consolidate his power.

Özet

Macaristan Başbakanı Viktor Orbán Avrupa’daki sığınmacı ve mültecileri “zehir” ve “gereksiz” gibi kelimelerle tanımlayarak tahrik edici ifadeler kullanmaktadır. Orbán hükümeti, Avrupa Komisyonu tarafından hazırlanan Avrupa’ya sığınan mültecileri Avrupa Birliği üyesi ülkelere nüfuslarıyla orantılı olarak dağıtmayı amaçlayan mülteci kotası planına karşı bir kampanya yürütmüştür. Bu devlet kampanyası mültecileri terörle ve cinsel tacizle ilişkilendiren yanıltıcı mesajlar içererek halkta göçmen karşıtı hissiyatın yükselmesine hizmet etmiştir. Bu makale Orbán’ın göçmen ve mülteci karşıtı söyleminin Orbán’ın artan otoriterliği üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Orbán yönetiminde Macaristan’da rejimin demokrasiden rekabetçi otoriterliğe doğru bir dönüşüm geçirdiği ve Orbán’ın göçmen karşıtı propagandasının bu dönüşüme kamusal söylemi domine ederek ve Orbán’a olan desteği arttırarak katkı sağladığı iddia edilmektedir. Seçilmiş bir populist olarak Orbán, demokrasinin kurumlarını yasama, yargı ve seçimlerle ilgili değişiklikler yaparak ve medyayı düzenleme kurumları vasıtasıyla baskı altında tutarak aşındırmaktadır. 2015 Mülteci Krizi de Orbán’a iktidarını devam ettirebilmek için gerekli olan kriz ve aciliyet hissini yaratmasında yardımcı olmuştur.

🔖

Cite This Article

TOK, G. C. (2018). The Politicization of Migration and the Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism in Hungary. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 37, 88–117. https://ajindex.com/articles/1019345

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (14)

  1. Aljazeera. (2016). Report: Hungary 'breaking all the rules' with refugees. [online] Available at: http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/07/report-hungary-breaking-rules-refugees-160713174914167.html [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017].
  2. Balogh, E. (2016). Orbán’s anti-refugee propaganda is a roaring success. [online] Hungarian Spectrum. Available at: http://hungarianspectrum.org/2016/08/09/orbans-anti-refugee-propaganda-is-a-roaring-success/ [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017].
  3. Balogh, E. (2017). Hungarian social scientists protest Viktor Orbán’s “National Consultation”. [online] Hungarian Spectrum. Available at: http://hungarianspectrum.org/2015/04/30/hungarian-social-scientists-protest-viktor-orbans-national-consultation/ [Accessed 17 Nov. 2017].
  4. Balogh, E. (2017). Viktor Orbán and Fidesz are in trouble: Record loss of popularity. [online] Hungarian Spectrum. Available at: http://hungarianspectrum.org/2014/12/10/viktor-orban-and-fidesz-are-in-trouble-record-loss-of-popularity/ [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017].
  5. Barigazzi, J., Vinocur, N. and Kaminski, M. (2017). Orbán wins the migration argument. [online] POLITICO. Available at: https://www.politico.eu/article/viktor-orban-migration-eu-has-won-the-argument/ [Accessed 18 Nov. 2017].
  6. BBC. (2012). Hungarians protest against new Fidesz constitution. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-16387117 [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017].
  7. BBC. (2013). Hungary court voids election law. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-20909038 [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017].
  8. BBC. (2014). Hungary 'outrage' rally draws 10,000. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30086497 [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017].
  9. BBC. (2015). Migrants stranded at Hungarian border. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34260071 [Accessed 5 Dec. 2017].
  10. BBC. (2016). Hungary's largest paper Nepszabadsag shuts, alleging pressure. Retrieved from BBC News: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37596805
  11. Bilefsky, D. (2013). Hungarian Prime Minister Cements Control Over Central Bank. [online] Nytimes.com. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/02/business/global/selection-of-hungarian-bank-chief-raises-fears.html [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017].
  12. Bozoki, A. (2015).
  13. Broken Democracy, Predatory State and Nationalist Populism. In P. Krasztev, & J. Van Till (Eds.), The Hungarian Patient Social Opposition to an Illiberal Democracy (p. 3). Budapest-New York: Central European University Press.
  14. Brodsky, C. (2016). Hungary’s Dangerous Constitution. [on