The State of Veterinary Medicine in Pishpek and Przhevalsky Counties of the Semirechye Oblast of Turkestan (1868-1917)

Abstract

From the 60s of the 19th century, the current territories of Kyrgyzstan were included in the Russian Empire. Therefore, the situation of the veterinary medicine of Kyrgyzstan at the end of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century is closely related to the history of the development of the veterinary medicine of the Russian Empire. The aim of this article is to investigate the state of veterinary medicine in Pishpek and Przhevalsky counties of the Semirechye Oblast of Turkestan in 1868-1917 compared to the first stage of formation and development of veterinary medicine of the Russian Empire. As a result of the research, the following information was obtained: until the 70s of the 19th century, the term "veterinary doctor" was unknown not only in Turkestan, but also in the European part of Russia. In 1879, the plague of cattle (Morbillivirus infectious disease, pestis bovum) spread in the Turkestan region, and the Russian government took practical measures to eliminate the disease, allocated funds and sent veterinary specialists. In 1910, they managed to stop the epizootic of plague in Semirechenskaya Oblast, and then in Turkestan. The beginning of the veterinary service in Kyrgyzstan was considered to be the opening of a veterinary station in Chaldibar in 1891, but according to the information of the State Imperial Archive of Russia, a veterinary station operated in the Belovodskoe village from 1888. On April 29-30, 1907, a meeting of veterinary doctors dedicated to combating the plague of cattle was held in Pishpek.