Ebûbekir b. el-Enbârî'nin Şerhu'l-Kasâidi's-Seb'i't-Tivâli'l-Câhiliyyât Adlı Eserinde Nahiv ve Konuları-Betimsel ve Çözümsel Bir İnceleme

Grammar and Its Issues in Explaining the Seven Long Pre-Islamic Poems by Abu Bakr bin al-Anbari, the Deceased (328 AH, 940 CE)

Özet

Mu‘allâkâtların, tefsir, nahiv, sarf ve dil ilimlerindeki önemli rolünün yanı sıra Arap dili ve edebiyatı âleminde de yüksek ve önemli bir konumu bulunmaktadır. Cahiliye devri müfredatlarının pek çoğunu kapsamasından ötürü dil ve edebiyat erbabı ona önem atfetmiştir. Onlardan biri de, ‘Şerhü’l-Kasâ’idi’l-السبع’ adıyla el-Muâ‘llekât’a yaptığı şerhiyle Ebu Bekir Muhammed bin el-Kasım bin Beşar bin el-Anbari. Bu eserinde pek çok nahiv, zamirin aidiyeti, harflerin manası, zarf ile car ve mecrûrun bağlı olduğu yerin belirlenmesi, müfredatlarıni‘râbı, illetler arasındaki üstünlükler, kıyasa ve luğatta asıl olana, kelimenin irabını belirlemede bazı seslerin etki nedenlerine, sarf, lügat, belağat, eleştiri vb. konulara değinmektedir. Bu itibarla bu araştırma, betimsel analitik yöntemini kullanarak et-Anbari’ninMu‘allâkât şerhindeki nahiv yöntemini, Arap nahiv ilminde iki önemli konu olan kıyas ve ta‘lîl ile ilgili duruşunu açıklayarak değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir.

Abstract

The pendants have a prominent place in the kingdom of Arabic language and literature, in addition to their important role in the various human sciences. Like the science of interpretation, grammar, morphology, and language, and due to its inclusion of many pre-Islamic vocabulary, the masters of language and literature paid attention to them, so some of them were satisfied with explaining them and explaining their ambiguities, while another section went to present their grammatical, morphological, rhetorical, linguistic and critical issues, and the most important of these is Ibn Abd Rabbo. And Ibn al-Saket, Abu Sa`id al-Dareer, al-Alam al-Shantimri, al-Tabrizi, al-Zuzni and others, but in our study we will suffice to stand at the most important commentaries of the fourth century AH called “The Explanation of the Seven Long Poems of Jahiliyyah” by Abu Bakr Muhammad bin al-Qasim bin Bashar al-Anbari, in which he referred to issues Numerous in grammar, such as the return of the pronoun, the meanings of the letters, the determination of the adverbial adverb or the neighbor and the accusative, the parsing of the vocabulary, the comparison between the causes, the indication of the analogy and what is the origin of the language, and the reference to some phonemic causes affecting the syntactic control of the word. Based on what has been presented, this study sought - through the use of the descriptive and analytical method - to present a quick and brief overview of Ibn al-Anbari’s life, and his explanation of the mu'allaqat. Then extracting the evidence in it that leads us to the issues raised by Ibn Al-Anbari. The study also presented the views of the Basrians and the Kufians mentioned by the commentator, as well as his position on analogy and explanation. Being two important issues in Arabic grammar.