Türk Kaynaklarının Gelibolu Yarımadası’nın Tahliyesiyle İlgili Değerlendirmeleri

Özet

İtilaf devletlerinin Çanakkale Boğazı’na taarruz etmesiyle başlayan ÇanakkaleMuharebeleri önce deniz savaşı, ardından kara muharebeleri şeklindedevam etti. Özellikle 1915 yılı Nisan ayı sonundan Ağustos ayı sonuna kadarçok şiddetli muharebeler yaşandı. Eylül ayından itibaren muharebeler sipermuharebelerine dönüştü ve cephedeki kuvvetlerin sayısı azaltılmaya başladı.Artık sıra İtilaf devletlerinin cephedeki kuvvetlerini tahliye etmelerine geldi.İtilaf kuvvetleri Aralık ayından başlayarak Ocak ayı başına kadar GeliboluYarımadası’ndaki kuvvetlerini kayıp vermeden tahliye etmeyi başardılar. 5.Ordu’nun komuta kademesi, İtilaf devletlerinin kuvvetlerinin tahliyesi esnasındaböyle bir fırsatı değerlendiremedi. Tahliye edilen kuvvetlere ağır zayiatlarverilebilir, bu sayede diğer cephelerdeki Osmanlı kuvvetlerinin yükü azaltılabilirdi.Bu çalışmada Türk kaynaklarının bu tahliyeye ait yaklaşımları ve tespitleriele alınarak başta Liman Von Sanders olmak üzere komuta kademesiyleilgili eleştiriler değerlendirilecektir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Çanakkale Muharebeleri, İtilaf devletleri, Liman VonSanders, tahliyeTurkish Sources Viewpoint on the Evacuation of Gallipoli Front bythe Entente PowersAbstractThe Gallipoli Campaign started with the attack of the Entente Powers andthen continued as naval battle first and land battle later. Especially from theend of April 1915 until the end of August, there were very fierce battles. Starting in September battles turned into trench warfare and the number of forces onthe front line began to be reduced. Now it was time for the Entente Powers toevacuate their front-line troops. The Entente Powers, starting from Decemberuntil early January, managed to evacuate their forces on the Gallipoli Peninsulawithout loss. 5th Army Command could not take advantage of such an opportunityduring this evacuation. They could have inflicted heavy casualties onevacuating forces and so the burden of Ottoman forces on the other fronts couldhave been eased. In this paper, the position and viewpoint of Turkish sourceson this evacuation will be examined and their criticism of the army command,primarily Liman Von Sanders, will be assessed.Keywords: The Gallipoli Campaign, The Entente Powers, Liman VonSanders, Evacuation

Abstract

The Gallipoli Campaign started with the attack of the Entente Powers and then continued as naval battle first and land battle later. Especially from the end of April 1915 until the end of August, there were very fierce battles. Starting in September battles turned into trench warfare and the number of forces on the front line began to be reduced. Now it was time for the Entente Powers to evacuate their front-line troops. The Entente Powers, starting from December until early January, managed to evacuate their forces on the Gallipoli Peninsula without loss. 5th Army Command could not take advantage of such an opportunity during this evacuation. They could have inflicted heavy casualties on evacuating forces and so the burden of Ottoman forces on the other fronts could have been eased. In this paper, the position and viewpoint of Turkish sources on this evacuation will be examined and their criticism of the army command, primarily Liman Von Sanders, will be assessed

Anahtar kelimeler: Çanakkale Muharebeleri, İtilaf devletleri, Liman Von Sanders, tahliye