THE IMPACT OF CONJECTIOS AND PRESUMPTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS

Özet

Conjectios and presumptions are integral parts of our law. Although conjectios and presumptions can be seen in many law systems, conjectios that are based on life experiences are used by judges during trials. These rules are essential in establishing some facts which provides basis for legal problems or determining the fate of some legal relationships. However, these kinds of rules constitute an interference with the right to proof for the parties at the same time. The right to proof is related to the principle of equality of arms which is a part of the right to a fair trial, thus conjectios and presumptions are evaluated within the framework of equality of arms. Besides, depending on the subject of the trial, conjectios and presumptions are interferences with constitutional rights such as right to property. The European Court of Human Rights and the Constitutional Court can decide that fundamental rights such as right to fair trial and right to property are violated in cases where conjectios and presumptions that cannot be rebutted. For this reason, conjectios and presumptions which cannot be rebutted should not be allowed in our legal system in a way that violates the rights protected in ECHR and the Constitution.