Effectiveness of Surgical Prophylaxis Wherethe Antibiotic Resistance is High

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to investigate the risk factors for surgical site infections (SSI) and theeffectiveness of prophylactic antibiotic use. Methods: The demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and microbiological examinationsof patients diagnosed with SSI who had a cholecystectomy, vaginal hysterectomy, kneeprosthesis, hip prosthesis, and gastric surgery between January the 1st, 2014 and Decemberthe 31st, 2019 were retrospectively analysed. The diagnosis of healthcare-associatedinfections and SSI was based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. Results: We detected Gram-negative bacteria in 30% of knee prosthesis infections (60%carbapenem-resistant), 60% of hip prosthesis infections (39% carbapenem-resistant), 36% ofvaginal hysterectomy (no carbapenem resistance), 50% of cholecystectomy (no carbapenemresistance), and 20% of gastric surgery (no carbapenem resistance). Staphylococci were thecausative agents in 30% of knee prosthesis infections (30% methicillin-resistant) and 20%of hip prosthesis infections (38% methicillin-resistant). Conclusion: We detected multidrug resistance in microorganisms isolated from knee andhip replacement infections. Antibiotic resistance is a big problem, and antibiotic prophylaxisis insufficient to prevent SSI. Doctors should follow up with the patient who underwentsurgery closely and take microbiological samples to select appropriate antibiotics whenSSI develops.