ŞÎA’NIN PEYGAMBER KISSALARINA İLİŞKİN RİVAYETLERDE EHL-İ BEYT’E ATIFLARI -KUMMÎ TEFSİRİ ÖZELİNDE

Shia’s References to Ahl Al-Bayt in the Stories of the Prophets: -A Study On Al-Qummi’s Tafseer

Özet

Şîa mezhebi İslam’da akide ayrılığının sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan ilkmezheplerdendir. İmametin Hz. Ali ve nesline ait olduğunu düşünen İmamiyye,Şîa mezhebinin bir koludur. Bu mezhebin mensupları telif ettikleri tefsirlerdekendi mezhebî görüşlerini destekleyecek yorumlara yer vermişlerdir. Alib. İbrahim el-Kummî de İmamiyye mezhebine bağlıdır. Müfessir kendisindensonraki tefsirlere kaynaklık eden tefsirinde, batınî yorumları ile dikkat çekmektedir.el-Kummî’nin Hz. Muhammed’den önceki peygamberlerin kıssalarındaHz. Ali ve Ehl-i Beyt’e dair rivayetler nakletmesi mezhebî taassubunboyutunu göstermesi bakımından önemlidir.

Abstract

Shia is one of the first sects emerged due to the differentiation of aqidah (creed) in Islam. Imamiyyah, a branch of Shia, argue that imamah is a right of Ali and his descendents. The followers of this sect have written several commentaries/ tafseers in which their sectarian views were supported. One of the well-known Shia scholar Ali b. Ibrahim al-Qummi is a follower of Imamiyyah. The mufassir draws attention with his esoteric commentaries in his tafseer which is the resource for the following tafseers. al-Qummi's giving place to the narratives of Ali and Ahl Al-Bayt when he comments on the Stories of the Prophets before Prophet Muhammad is important to show his sectarian dimension. Anecdotes from the life of the Prophet are widely mentioned in the Quran. Yet, when these are treated in tefsaars, it appears that stories that are not originally present in the verses are also related. This article aims to analyze how extant anecdotes of prophets’ lifes are treated in Shea tafseer. After a brief explanation on the Shia tafseer’s interpretation tradition, the study will be focused on the anecdotes that deal with Muhammed and Ahl Al-Bayt that appear in Ali b. Ibrahim al-Qummitafseer, a reference of the first period of Shea tafseer. It is well known that shea’s tefsaars are full of interpretations that concord with the cult of the shea sect. Many verses of shea tafseer are associated to Ahl Al-Bayt as they do when mentioning about Ali’s caliphate or the negative attitude sonsof Umeyye toward Ahl AlBayt. The fact that Qummi presents Ali and imams in anecdotes that deal with Abraham, Moses and Joseph who lived ages before them can constitute a good illustration to our point.