PROLIFERATION OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN CARBONATE APATITE-CHITOSAN SCAFFOLDS IN BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES

Abstract

Objectives: Chitosan is a popular bone graft material. However, chitosan alsohas a weakness for cell adhesion and the lack of sufficient bone formationcapabilities. To improve it, we tried to develop a chitosan scaffolds thatcombine with carbonate apatite (CA), which has excellent biocompatibilityproperties of the tissues of the human body. We tried to find the mostappropriate amount of Carbon Apatite (CA) to be combined with Chitosanscaffold (ChSs) to produce a good scaffolds structure, as well as to evaluateCA-ChSs from the standpoint of cell proliferation using mesenchymal stemcells (MSCs).Materials and Methods: Porous chitosan matrix was made by using thelyophilization technique. ChSs containing chitosan powder was made by thefollowing procedure. 100, 150, 200, and 400 mg of chitosan powder wasdissolved in 5 ml of 2% acetic acid at room temperature. ChSs containing 200mg of chitosan powder was chosen to make CA-ChSs. Ultraviolet radiationwas then performed for 2 hours. CA-ChSs structure was observed by ascanning electron microscope (SEM). Proliferation of MSCs in CA-ChSsevaluated at days 1, 3, 5 and 7.Results: This study demonstrated that CA-ChSs containing 200 mg of chitosanpowder and 50 mg CA has a three-dimensional structure that is porous andattachment powder CA in the pores and absorbance values were increased fromthe examination day 1 until day 7. Cell proliferation using MSCs in CA-ChSsare better, as the absorbance value of CA-Chss with 50 mg CA content wassignificantly higher than ChSs. These findings also confirm that MSCs hasgood viability and biocompatibility in bone tissue engineering techniques.Conclusions: Based on these results, it is expected CA-ChSs may becandidates for bone graft material in tissue engineering techniques.