Is Prostate Cancer Related to Low Vitamin D Level?

Özet

Objective: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common malignancy among men worldwide. There are several epidemiological studies linking the risk and outcome of vitamin D with PC. In this study, we aimed to compare vitamin D levels in patients with PC and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: Patients with PC and BPH admitted to our urology outpatient clinic between 2017 and 2019 were included in this casecontrol study. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were measured to assess vitamin D status. Results: The study was conducted with a total of 256 patients aged between 47 and 86 years between 2018-2019. The mean age of 128 patients with PC was 67.70±7.74 years, and the mean age of 128 patients with BPH was 67.03±7.89 years. There was a statistically significant difference between patients with PC and BPH in terms of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. When the patients diagnosed with PC were examined according to their subgroups, the mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of 64 patients with ISUP Grade I tumors were significantly higher than the remaining 64 patients with ISUP Grade II, III and IV tumors. Conclusion: According to our results, vitamin D levels were found to be significantly lower in patients with PC than in patients with BPH, and a significant decrease was found in vitamin D levels as the Gleason score increased. Since PC has a high prevalence and heterogeneous geographical distribution, randomized controlled trials are needed in order to demonstrate the relationship between vitamin D and cancer.